THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



327 



f 



j-jo^JkG.H*" considers -ILJrV 

 ^^* remarks to apply only to certain 



— • - . » V ■* ■_ 



u.* 



m 



* Hr ^"JJ^at f'beg to differ from him, for where- 



nav be placed, plants raised from cuttings will 



^^to form and colour, and it is much better to 



• what we are growing than to be uncertain. 



t ^1 therefore always give cuttings the preference for 



] OftU "^.purposes of decoration. The saucer plan, 



partiallv filled with liquid manure and 



, _j under the plants, is called dangerous; but 



rffj^ applied, much benefit is derived from the 



The pots must, however, be thoroughly drained, 



^liuid manure should never stand on the ball of 



. Jfljpaie roots should only be- permitted to absorb 



^SSlT through the drainage. /. B. 



§22*0 ' ^-houses. — Being anxious for the 



^"^^rt of horticulture, I beg to suggest thef olio w- 



the Chinese lmiigoiera decora, an JtatorUurtiog, u. 

 Myrtle-leaved Kutaxia, Anadc mapukhelL. and thu very 

 pretty Bauera*rubioides. It was mentioned that as the 

 latter lives on the Hampshire Hills in Van Diemaa's 

 Land, where the winters are often very severe, it would 

 probably be found to be hardy in this country. 



National Floricultural, May 22. — Mr. New hall 



in the chair. On this occasion both seedling and 

 named plants were supplied in tolerable profusion and 

 variety. Of Pelargoniums Mr. Beck's Incomparable 

 was commended for fine colour, and Mr. llovle's 

 Magnet and Herald were recommended to be " seen 

 again.'* Among Cinerarias a certificate was awarded to 

 Rosalind, a medium sized white flower with a grey disk, 

 and narrowly edged with ultramarine blue. This was 

 showTi by Mr. E. G. Henderson, of the Wellington-road 1 the whofe are done, leaving ft 



Nursery, St. John's Wood. C. Formosa, from Mr. 

 Ambrose, was commended as a good marketable kind. 



"^"^"for "ventilating conservatories and other houses, 



- ^ to be able to do away with the necessity of open- Amt 



KffhteLand so save all the labour, ropes, and I It is a white ground flower, with a rosy purple Up 



givuig every root ana branch an e^uai tempei ure, 

 which is so essential to promote their perfection. First 

 place upon the laths forming the bottom of the trough, 

 a layer of pieces of turf of about 3 inches square, to 

 prevent the fine mould from being washed down ; next 

 put a layer of 2 or 3 inches deep of the following com- 

 post, viz., equal quantities of rich turfy loam and rotted 

 manure from the farm-yard, with the addition of a little 

 sand. Proceed to remove the Vines from the pots by 

 turning the ball upside down on the palm of the hand, 

 having a convenient bench on which to rest the hand 

 and ball whilst cautiously removing the crocks, and any 

 objectionable soil, or worms, and taking the utmost care 

 in so doing not to injure the roots. When so prepared, 

 place the ball on the surface of the soil in the bottom of 

 the trough. Proceed with another Vine, and so on till 



space of about 3 inches 



thod of 



mt the lights, a 



^ incooveniences attending the present 



firiwr iir to m& structures. Place a tube or trough 

 —rforated at the top, bottom, and sides, made of iron or 

 i~i -i>u *h» pnds ooen to admit the air right through 



WWMf with the ends open 



ft* building lengthways, and another across the centre 



d the house (see woodcut,) with wide mouths open to 



A 



A 



A 



B 



B 



A A, perforate! tabes ; BB^wide open mouths. 



four points of the compass, so as always to com- 

 nwwl a current of air from whatever quarter the wind 

 happened to be in ; they could have stoppers or lids, to 

 be closed when not required ; the long tube could run 

 just under the upper plate of the house, and the cross 

 one under a rafter : this would suffice for top air. Two 

 others could be run through the entire length of the 

 building, for ventilating the lower part, and could be 



Shce 1 under the stages. By perforating the tubes very 

 nelv, the air would be gradually diffused all over, and 

 (revent a violent rush through the house. «/. R. [But 

 ow is the air to escape from a house ventilated upon 

 this plan ?] 



Adulteration of >'ooL — I intimated, some time ago, that 

 & sweep in a neighbouring village was carrying on a 

 iiire trade in the adulteration of soot with sawdust. 

 This morning the sweep and his foreman quarrelled, just 

 u they had begun to unload a cart of sawdust. After 

 l few words of a rough nature, " fists" were put in 

 operation, when the master proved to be the best man ; 

 but while the foreman was taking to his heels, he turned 

 round, and exclaimed, u You know you have been 

 cheating the farmers for more than 1*2 months, by taking 

 in 40 or 50 sacks of sawdust, and again selling it for 

 •oot, and Til see you d — d before I work for you any 

 longer, unless you give me higher wages/' This scene 

 took place in the presence of many spectators. I con- 

 sider the adulteration of soot to be as bad as the guano 

 ttfie, for sawdust is poison to the roots of plants, until 

 it begins to rot. Its price at the mills is just the carting 

 of it away. Didwich, 29tA April. 



C. Nonsuch, a lilac purple self, from Mr. E.G.Henderson, 

 was also commended by the censors. Some nice looking 

 Calceolarias were produced by Mr. Gaines and others ; 

 but none were considered by the judges worthy of 

 distinction. Pansy " Pandora/' from Mr. Hunt, re- 

 ceived a certificate. It has a bright yellow ground with 

 a broad purple margin shaded with puce ; surface 

 smooth, and substance and shape good. A white 

 ground seedling Pansy from Mr. Chater w T as com- 

 mended. Nice exhibitions of this useful flower were 

 furnished by Messrs. Turner, Bragg, Skynner, and 

 Brown. A collection of Mimuluses came from Mr. 

 Wyness, and another of breeder Tulips from Mr. 

 Willison, of Whitby. Among the latter we remarked 

 a finely-formed rose, called Juliet, with a very fine 

 base. Gloxinias, Cinerarias, &c, were exhibited by 

 Mr. E. G. Henderson, Wellington-road, and miscel- 

 laneous plants by Messrs. Henderson, Pine Apple- 

 place, and others. Fancy Geraniums were plentiful ; 

 and conspicuous among other things on the table were 

 a straw-coloured 'Rhododendron, and a pink Azalea, 

 stated to be a hybrid between a Rhododendron and an 

 Azalea. 



Highbury and North London Horticultural, May 15.— 

 This Society, which is only two years old, bids fair to take a 

 prominent position. Plants, flowers, fruits, and vegetables, 

 were much better this season than last.^ Stove and green- 

 house plants, Ericas, Pelargoniums, Orchids, Azaleas, Roses, 

 Pansies, Verbenas, ic, were all more or less represented and 

 contested by the members (private growers), Messrs. Chapman, 

 Venn, Scott, Lochner, Edwards, and o hers. Liberal prizes 

 were also offered to the trade, and Messrs. Fraser, PampHn, 

 Paul, Bragg, and Francis were among the competitors, pro- 

 ducing, collectively, stove and greenhouse plants, Azaleas, 

 Heaths, Pelargoniums, Roses in pots, specimen plants, &c. : 

 while to Mr. Cole, gr. to H. Colyer, Esq., Dartford, extra 

 prizes were awarded for his productions, because of their excel- 

 lence. Every praise is doe to the working committee for the 

 uniformity and well managed arrangements of the subjects 

 submitted for competition, warranting the remark which was 

 current, " that it was quite a Chiswtck/ete in a small way." 



between the ball of each to be filled up with the same 

 compost as used under them. Cover the surface of the 

 roots about 1 or 2 inches deep ; the soil, previously to 

 being put round the roots of the Vines, must be warmed 

 to the same temperature as the house. As soon as all 

 are tied in their proper places, a good syringing will 

 much assist them ; but do not water at the roots for a 

 few days, except it be absolutely nece«6ary. If any 

 water is given, let it be done by pouring it immediately 

 on the balls. 



" Before a week has expired after removing the 



Vines into the troughs, they will begin to show the 

 benefit they are deriving from the change. When suffi- 

 ciently advanced, stop each shoot one joint beyond the 

 fruit, and leave only one bunch to each, and from eight 

 to 12 to every Vine, according to their strength. A 

 heavier crop would deteriorate both from the size and 

 colour of the berries. A plentiful supply of water will 

 now be necessary, which can be given abundantly with- 

 out fear of injury from stagnation ; provided the 

 directions given for the formation of the trough have 

 been strictly attended to." 



We shall probably revert to Mr. Sanders' treatise, 

 which, in the meanwhile, ought to be found among the 

 books of every thinking and working gardener in the 

 United Kingdom. 



ftotirts at Books. 



Vine. 



Esq. 



By 

 8vo. 



has Ions 



very 



^octettes* 



Horticultural, May 20. — J. R. Gowen, Esq., 

 reasurer, in the chair. M. de Ysasi, Esq. ; W. T. 

 jfeerton, Esq., M.P. ; J. A. lloublon, Esq. ; R. T. 

 Clarke, Esq. ; F. G. Neison, Esq. ; F. Scrivens, Esq. ; 

 -J. Weston, Esq. ; R. Taylor, Esq. ; J. Tremayne, Esq. ; 

 ^Irs. Tombs, and the Earl of Kilmorey were elected 

 Fellows. Cut specimens of purple and white hybrid 

 Rhododendrons from the open grounds at Combe Royal, 

 aear Kingsbridge, Devonshire, were exhibited by J. 

 1 icombe, Esq. When first removed from the trees, 

 they must have been very fine ; but they were consider- 

 ably injured by travelling. A Providence Pine-apple, 

 weighing 5 lbs. 8 oz., was exhibited by Mr. Davis, of Oak- 

 lull, East Barnet, and a large basket, full of very 

 pod Black Hamburgh Grapes, for which a Certiti- 

 J*te of Merit was awarded, was also contri- 

 J**^ by the same grower. — Half a dozen 

 krcorge Peaches, excellent for the season, **„„^ «^,„ 

 w. Kaith, gr. to Mrs. Smyth, of Ashton Court, Bristol. 

 *£ese received a Banksian Medal.— The Garden of 

 *^ociety furnished a new pale greenish yellow Epi- 

 tendrum from New Grenada ; and Brownea Ariza, a 

 Mexican stove tree with leaves resembling those of the 

 ^aherstia, and bearing a large drooping head of crim- 

 w flowers, which develope themselves for several 

 *W3 in succession. It was introduced by the Society 



time ago through Mr. Hartweg, and is 



bikh flowerin S * or the first time. The same esta- 

 ~"*™snt also contributed a white Azalea, Acacia 

 to p a ' Boronia tetrandra, Chorozema varium, the 

 Q Califomian Ceonoths — papillosus and dentatus ; 

 £*■** capitata, two Cape Heaths, the Indian Rhodo- 

 ^aron formosum, which is sometimes called Gibsoni ; 



Royal 

 came from 



«** 



A Practical Treatise on the Culture of tin 



John Sanders, Gardener to T. A. Smith, 



Reeve and Benham ; pp. 31. 

 Mr. Assheton Smith's place at Tedworth 

 possessed a great English reputation for the excellence 

 of its fruit and vegetables. One is continually hearing 

 in society of the extraordinary abundance and perfection 

 of its produce, at seasons when common gardens are 

 empty ; and the great world seems to have arrived at 

 the conclusion that the kitchen gardening and forcing 

 there are nowhere excelled. We have, therefore, 

 examined with no common interest the work before us ; 

 for it would be strange indeed if the man who can act 

 so skilfully as Mr. Sanders, should be unable to offer 

 advice of corresponding value. 



We have not been disappointed. Hackneyed 'as is 

 the* story of Grape growing, readers will always be 

 attracted by a new work on the subject, especially in a 

 country like England, where the aim of everybody is 

 to know how a tiling is done, rather than wherefore. 

 In this case they will be fully satisfied. Mr. Sanders's 

 directions are as plain as words can make them ; and, 

 we will add, as judicious as his long experience had 

 led us to expect. After a very careful perusal of his 

 little treatise, we find nothing to object to ; and 

 much to praise. Crotchets he has none. He seems 

 to be a plain straightforward man, who tells his story in 

 a plain straightforward way ; and if he does not always 

 appreciate the reason of his own success, at all events fie 

 teaches others how they may attain the same success 

 as himself. Novelty there is little ; and so much the 

 better. The authors merit consists mainly in the sound 

 judgment he has shown in selecting what is best in the 

 practice of others, and in rejecting all sorts of doubtful 

 schemes. Indeed, we are not sure that there is any- 

 thing new in these pages, except what relates to trough- 

 growing, a method, we believe, peculiar to Tedworth, 

 concerning which we have full details. Our extract 

 shall, for the present, be limited to what is said upon 

 that subject. 



Trough-growing is a modification of pot-growing, but 

 a great improvement upon it ; and we understand that 

 it has attracted much attention from Mr. Assheton 

 Smith's friends. In the first instance Vines are struck 

 from eyes and grown in pots as usual. Afterwards, 



N When the buds are regularly broken, and each 

 shoot advanced to the length of 6 inches, prepare to 

 plant the Vines into a ti ;h, as shown in the plan. 

 The advantage to be derived is immense, by securing 

 to them all the benefit of a border, independent oi maintained. 



Garden Memoranda. 



Mr. Groom's Tulips. — These are just now in per- 

 fection, and we can promise our readers that a sight of 

 them will amply repay a visit. The best bed, 120 feet 

 long, and containing not less than 2000 flowers, is as 

 fine as we have ever seen it. We observed the follow- 

 in^ favourite sorts in good condition. (Roses: — Catalani, 

 Countess of Wilton, Duchess of Sutherland, King of 

 Saxony, and Camuse de Craix. Byblcemens : — Claude, 

 Imperatrix fiorum, Michael Angelo, PnrmegianO and 

 Queen Victoria. Bizarres : — Duke of Devonshire, Lord 

 Sandon, Duke of Norfolk, Marshal Soult, Nourri- 

 Eftendi, Prince of Wales, and Prince Albert. But in 

 addition to fine old kinds the bed contains several 

 novelties of merit. Dr. Horner (Bizarre) proves to be 

 a first-rate second row flower, and we also remarked a 

 fine rose, called Fleur de Marie, in which the 



The less im- 



feathering is very boldly delineated. 



portant beds in the open ground are also just now in 



full bloom, and make a brilliant display. 



Messrs. Weeks and Co.'s Nursery, King's-road, 

 Chelsea. — Early in April we stated that an attempt had 

 been made here to cultivate the Royal Water Lily in an 

 open heated pond. The plant is in excellent health ; it 

 opened its first flower on the 16th, and when we saw it on 

 Tuesday last, another flower bud was swelling fast. The 

 leaves (five in all) measure 3 feet 6 inches across. The 

 plant, however, cannot as yet be said to have been grown 

 in the open water, for up to the period of its blossoming it 

 was covered with a frame whose sides dipped into the 

 pond. This was entirely removed for two days, about 

 flowering time ; but for fear of injury from cold winds, 

 which have prevailed so much of late, a temporary erec- 

 tion, closed in with lights, and surrounded with canvas, 

 has been thrown over it. It is, however, intended to clear 

 ail away, and leave the plant fully exposed, as soon as the 

 weather has become sufficiently warm. From what has 

 been stated, it will be gathered that the experiment is 

 yet in its inlancy ; but there are certainly good grounds 

 for anticipating a successful result. 



Miscellaneous. 



Babington^s Plan of Pi enting Incrustation of Steam 

 and other Boikrs. (Patented November 7, 1850.) — 

 This invention consists in jfche application of voltaic 

 agency for preventing incrustation in boilers, by con- 

 necting to the interior of such boiler a plate of some 

 metal more susceptible of oxidation than that of which 

 the boilers are composed, and in such a position as to be 

 wholly immersed when the water in the boiler is at the 

 usual level. The patentee recommends for iron boilers 

 a plate of zinc of the ordinary description, and of the 

 weight of 16 oz. to the square foot, which should be 

 attached by one of its edges, by means of solder, to th< 

 interior of the boiler, and that the proportion which 

 such plate should bear to the immersed surface of the 

 boiler should be one-fifteenth, reckoning one side only 

 of the zinc plate. Both sides of the plate being left 

 exposed to the action of the iron and the water in the 

 boiler, the voltaic agency thus excited is found to pro- 

 uce the desired effect For large boilers, two, three, 

 or more plates are recommended, the relative propor- 

 tions above stated between the surface of the plate ana 

 that of the immersed portion of the boiler being 



When the zinc plates are corroded, as 



