THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 



320 



1 RUVIAN GUANO. 

 CAUTION TO AGRICULTURISTS. 



G It being notorial th.t extensive adulterationi of thh 



JlASfM— "ft «rried oo^ ^ ^ 



AS TBE 



n\LY IMPORTERS OF PERUVIAN GUANO, 

 ^-Jur it to be their duty to the Peruvian Government and 



*Ke £oEK W ain to recoII " 11,iead FarmeM aud ali othert wh ° 

 w?<L be CAreiulljr on their guard. 



*2i!?Jh*r*cter of the parties from whom they purchase will of 

 - hTthe best security, and in addition to particular atteu- 

 J,\hat point, ANTONY GIBBS and SONS thin a it well 

 -nind buyers that— 



jlTlQwest wholesale price at which sound Peruvian 

 fat* ha* been sold by them during the last two years 

 i* 9L 5$. per ton, less 2 4 per cent. 



am resales made by Dealers at a lower price must therefore 

 *£ leave a lo»s to them, or the article must be adulterated. 



TUA.NO AND OTHER MANURES.— Peruvian 



Guano of the finest quality ; Superphosphate of Lime ; 

 n ,, nlr - bait ; Nitrate or feoda ; Aloffai's Patent Concentrated 

 rsfVSewaf e Manure, and all others of known value.— Apply to 

 HM FflTHEiQiLL. 204 r Upper Thames- stree:, Lond on. 



iff ANURJCS. — The following Manures are manu" 



iVJ- tsctured at Mr. La web's Factory, Deptford Creek : 



Clover Manure, per ton , £11 



Turnip Manure, do. ... ••• ••• ••• 7 



Superphosphate of Lime 7 



Sulphuric Acid and Coprolites 5 



Othce, 69, King V> Uliam-street, City, London. 

 N B Peruvian Guano, guaranteed to contain 16 per cent, of 

 Ammonia, at. 10*. per ton ; and for 5 tons or more, 91. bs. per 

 in dock, Sulpn ate of Amm onia, <be. 



NEW TURNIP MANURE, 50*. a Ton.— Mr- 

 Pottce can strongly recommend the above as a cheap 

 and efficieut Manure, and capable of raising heavy crops. 

 Dali? ered free on rail. The Bags to be returned or paid for. 



POTTER'S GUANO, U. per ton ; SUPERPHOSPHATE OF 

 LIME, W. per ton ; GYPSUM, 2bs. per ton, including bags and 

 delivery on rail.— 'iS, Claphaiii-road- place, London. 



rpilE LONDON MANURE COMPANY beg to 



JL offer, as under, CORN MANURE, most valuable for 

 spring dressing — Concentrated Urate, Superphosphate of Lime, 

 Sitrate of Soda, Sulphate of Ammonia, Fishery and Agricul- 

 tural Salts, Gypsum, Fossil Bones, Sulphuric Acid, and every 

 other Artificial Manure ; also a constant supply of EngUsn 

 and Foreign Linseed-cake. Peruvian Guano, guaranteed the 

 genuine importation of Messrs. A. Gibbs and Sons, VI, 105. per 

 ton, or 'JL bs. in quantities of 5 tons and upwards. 



Ed ward Pdsseb, Secretary, 

 40, Bridge-street, Blackfriars, London. 



KOVAL AGRICULTURAL SOClttlY Or hSKiL.\SU. 



THE ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF 

 ENGLAND is desirous of reining Tenders from Inn- 

 keepers or others, to contract for the supply ot a Cold Dinner 

 for -000 persons, in the Society's Pavilion, in the Home Park, 

 Windsor, on Wednesday the ltith of July, 1851. Punted forms 

 of Tender may be obtained on application to tne Secretary, 

 at the Office or the Society, No. 12, Hanover-square, London ; 

 and they must be returned to him, filled up, on ot before Monday 

 the 9th of June, 1851, the Society, however, not binding itself 

 to take the lowest Tender.— By order of the Council, 

 London, 24th May. James Hudson, SecroUry. 



TO TURNIP GROWERS-— Observing the great 

 superiority of some sorts of Turnips, both as to bulk and 

 nutritive properties, J. SUTTON and SONS have for many 

 years paid especial attention to that important agricultural 

 root; and have carefully tested the comparative merits ot 

 many varieties, they can with the greatest confidence recommend 

 the sorts named in CMr Advertisement in the 1st page of this 

 week's Paper, where the prices are also quoted (carnage free). 

 —Address, John Sutton and Sons, Seed Growers, Reading, 



Berks. 



TRANSPLANTED TURNIP SEED. 



RJOSLING begs to offer to Agriculturists his 

 • very excellent variety of PURPLE-TOP SWEDE a 

 cross between the Golden Melon and the Liverpool, decidedly 

 one of the best in cultivation- a heavy cropper, stores well, 

 best quality, seed warranted growth of 1850, from Transplanted 



Roots, at Is. 3d. per lb. 



All orders of 25 lbs. and upwards carriage free to any Kali- 

 way Station in England, or packet office in London. A remit- 

 tance must accompany the order. 

 Robert Josling, General Seed Warehouse, St. Alban s, Herts. 



^SKIRTING'S IMPROVED TURNIP SEEDS. 



WM. SKIRVING begs to announce to his friends 

 and the public, that he has fixed the price of his 

 IMPROVED SWEDE, and also the PURPLE-TOP YELLOW- 

 BULLOCK, at 9d. per lb. 



In consequence of W. S. having extended the growth, and 

 having had a very abundant crop of the Seed of his Improved 

 Turnips, he is this season able to offer it at the above reduced 

 price, and he is also induced to take this step to prevent Agri- 

 culturists being imposed upon by the sale of spurious Seeds, 

 offered at a low rate, under his name. 



W. S. can, with perfect confidence, recommend these Turnips 

 as being the best now in cultivation, in every respect, whether 

 for the greatest crop, the best quality, or for keepiug, according 

 to the time of sowing. All other Agricultural Seeds, of the 

 best quality, at very moderate prices. A remittance, or refer- 

 ence, is requested from unknown correspondents. 



N.B. W. Skievino has no Agent in town or country. 



Queen-square, Liverpool, May -4. 



the 



of his 



While including it among 

 country, he includes it with some hesitation, and 

 it must be confessed that he has not placed it in a 

 very inviting point of view. He has reduced to 

 English weights and measures the information col- 

 lected by Dumas for the French Government 

 respecting the Beet-root sugar statistics of France ; 

 and the results are not such as would tempt us to 

 embark either in the manufacture or in the raising 

 of Beet-root for sale to the manufacturer. Even in 

 France, where the climate is more favourable than 

 that of Britain to the production of sugar, the 

 manufacture has been fostered by peculiar circum- 

 stances ; it is felt to be disadvantageous to the com- 

 munity ; and were there not a native sugar interest 

 already established it would not be deemed desir- 

 able now to introduce it. It appears that the crop 

 most productive of sugar does not exceed 12 tons 

 to the acre. Thirty or 40 tons may be forced by 

 high cultivation, but in that case the carbon 

 goes to the formation of woody fibre, not sugar; 

 so that the smaller crop is ultimately the more 

 profitable. For these 12 tons the manufacturer 

 could not afford to pay more than 16s. 8g7« the 

 ton. At that rate, the prime cost of the sugar, 

 coals costing 12s. the ton. would be 26$. 8d. 



the 



costing 

 cwt. : and 



that 



ton, 

 after 



the 







|t 1 1UJ. C. INE8BIT, F.C.S., F.G.S., Consulting and 



i-'-JL Analytical Chemist, Laboratories, o$ t Kenniugtou-lane, 

 Londor. -PRIVATE INSTRUCTIONS in Chemical Analysis, 

 and tre most approved methods of making ARTIFICIAL 

 MANURES. Analyses of Soils, Manures, Minerals, &c, per- 

 formed as usual, on moderate terms. 



1\\\ (Gratis), fresh from the pits. — Apply to Essex 

 and bOJis, 28, Stanhope-street, Clare Market, London, in 

 the immediate neighbourhood of Covenc Garden. 



0SE FOR LIQUID MANURE, Fire-engine, 



and agricultural purposes, made of canvass, lined and 

 coaU.d with gutta purcha ; it i3 about one-third the price of 

 leather or india-rubber, will convey liquids of all kinds under 

 a h'jary pressure, it is extensively used at the Government 

 public works; also by the navy, and amongst agriculturists, 

 gif.Dg universal satisfaction. Testimonials and prices may be 

 ob'aiued of Messrs. Burgess and Key, 103, Newgate-street, sole 

 manufacturers. — London Agents : Messrs. Deane, Dray, and 

 Diane, Swan-lane ; Messrs. Tilley, Black friars-road.— Country 

 Agents : Messrs. Ransome and Parsons, -Ipswich; Messrs. J. 

 ard S. Johnson, Liverpool; Messrs. Dickson, Hull; Mr. S. 

 Ttfilson, Agent for Scotland. 



THE METALLIC PAINT, produced by the Patent 



-*• Alkali Company, has been extensively used for several 

 ; ears on farm-buildings, iron bridges, roofs and railings, 

 ihipping, <fcc, and it is admitted that it covers a greater sur- 

 face and stands far better than any other pigment on wood, 

 ron, Abeihaw Lime, and Roman Cement. Fine Black, 25£. 

 per ton, and Rich Purple-brown, 20i. per ton.— Offices of the 

 J Company, 1, New Broad-street, London. — John A. West, 

 Secretary. 





CHEAP AND DURABLE ROOFING. 



BY HER 

 MAJESTY'S 



ROYAL LETTERS 

 PATENT, 







FM'NEILL and Co., of Larab's-buildings, Bunhill- 

 • row, London, the Manufacturers and only Patentees of 

 THE ASPHALTED FELT FOR ROOFING 

 Houses, Farm Buildings, Shedding, Workshops, and for Garden 

 purposes, to protect Plants from Frost. 



At the Great National Agricultural Shows, it is this Felt 

 which has been exhibited and obtained two Silvee Medal 

 Psizes, and is the Felt 60lelt patronised and adopted by 



Hee Majesty's Woods and Forests, 

 Honourable Board of Ordnance, 

 Honourable East India Compant, 

 Honourable Commissioners of Customs, 

 Her Majesty's Estate, Isle of Wight, 

 Royal Botanic Gardens, Regent's Park, 

 And on the Estates of the Dukes of Sutherland, Norfolk, Rut- 

 land, Newcastle, Northumberland, Buccleuch (at Richmond), 

 the late Earl Spencer, and most of the Nobility and Gentry] 

 and at the Royal Agricultural Society's House, Hanover- 

 ttnare. 



It is half the price of any other description of Roofing, and 

 effects a great saving of Timber in the construction of Roofs. 

 Made to any leugth by 32 inches wide. 



Price One Penny per Square Foot. 



V Samples, with Directions for its Use, and Testimonials 

 of seven years' experience, with references to Noblemen, Gen- 

 tlemen, Architects, and Builders, sent free to any part of the 

 tewn or country, and orders by post executed. 



-©* The Public is cautioned that the only Works in London 

 or Great Britain where the above RooHing is made, are 



F. M«N BILL and CO.'S 

 Patent Felt Manufactory, Lamb's-buildings, Burhhil-row, 

 London, where Roofs covered with the Felt may be seen. 



The new Viec-Chancellor's Courts, at the entrance of West- 

 minster Hail, were roofed with F. M'Nsill and Co's Felt about 

 ™° J*«*rs since, under the Surveyorship of Chas. Barry Esq 

 *.A. Her Majesty's Commissioners of Woods and Forests are 

 »o satisfied with the result that they have ordered the Com- 

 nuttee Rooms at the Houses of Parliament to be roofed with 

 their Pelt. Quantity altogether used, 24.000 feet. 

 Ta ?°™-7' Con8 unieri sending direct to the Factory can be sud- 

 Jwd in lengths best suited to their Roofs, so that they pav for 

 *o more than thy require. V J 



JRvery information afforded on the construction of Roof? or 

 **J proposed particular RDDlication of the F«lt_ 



€ixt Agricultural <Ba>ette* 



SATURDA Y, MA Y 24, 1851. 



MEETINGS FOR THE TWO FOLLOWING WEEKS. 



Wxdhbrdat, May 28 -Agricultural Society of England. 

 Thursday, — 19— Agricultural Imp. Soc. of Ireland. 

 Wadhkbdat, June 14— Agricultural society of Eunlaud. 

 Thubidat, — 5 -Agricultural Imp. Soc. of Ireland. 



An opinion is very general among the farmers 

 and landowners, that they would derive great ad- 

 vantage from an alteration of those fiscal regulations 

 which prevent them from growing Tobacco and sugar. 

 We do not participate in these views. To begin 

 with Tobacco : If the cultivation of it were ever so 

 profitable, and if the total quantity consumed in the 

 United Kingdom were raised there, it would not 

 occupy more than 28,000 acres ; and what, we would 

 ask, would that be among the cultivators of the 

 20,000,000 of acres of arable land in the United 

 Kingdom, to say nothing of the 37,000,000 of acres 

 of meadow and pasture, out of which some of the 

 Tobacco land would probably be taken ? We have 

 about 40,000 acres under Hops ; and what benefit 

 do the farmers beyond the Hop districts derive from 

 the withdrawal of those 40,000 acres from the pro- 

 duction of corn, meat, and wool ? It is even ques- 

 tionable whether the Hop culture is advantageous to 

 the Hop districts themselves. Tobacco, again, 

 requires the very best land ; the average prod ace 

 does not exceed 1000 lbs. to the acre ; its cultiva- 

 tion involves a great amount of labour, and the price 

 of foreign Tobacco in England does not exceed l*d. 

 the lb., exclusive of duty. The profit of Tobacco 

 cultivation in Britain would, therefore, depend on 

 the maintenance of a high protecting duty in favour 

 of Tobacco of home growth, to the greater benefit of 

 the smuggler than of the agricultural interest. The 

 whole question underwent a very careful examina- 

 tion a few years since, by a committee of the House 

 of Commons appointed to inquire respecting the cul- 

 tivation of Tobacco in Ireland; and it was proved ! We rejoice, therefore, that the experiment is about 



giving me process 

 credit for the refuse pulp, one-fortieth part of the 

 whole, at 6$. 3d. the cwt., as cattle food — for the 

 skimmings of the boiler, as manure, at 6s. the cwt. 

 and for the treacle at Is. 8d. the cwt. 



At the time these calculations were made, the 

 average price of colonial sugar, exclusive of duty, 

 did not exceed 31s. the cwt. ; and amidst the subse- 

 quent alterations of duty, and the various regulations 

 tor the admission of foreign to competition with 

 colonial sugar, it is certain that the price has not 

 advanced. With Beet-root and cane sugar, there- 

 fore, subject to the same duty, it is evident that 

 there is no very great inducement to embark capi- 

 tal in the manufacture ; and as to the cultivation, 

 we should, for ourselves, prefer a crop of 30 tons of 

 Mangold Wurzel, consumed by cattle on the land, 

 to # a sugar crop of 12 tons yielding only 10/. an 

 acre, delivered at the works — a crop requiring, 

 moreover, much labour and some manure, and 

 making no return of the latter to the land, except 

 such as would be purchased out of the gross returns. 

 The purchase of this manure, whether consisting of 

 the refuse of the manufacture, or of 3 cwt. of guano, 

 would make a deduction of 30$. the acre from the 

 10/. The cultivation of the Beet-root and the 

 manufacture of the sugar have been treated as if 

 carried on by different parties, not only for the sake 

 of clearness, but because the sugar would be 

 produced more economically under that division 

 of labour than by the incongruous combination of 

 the trades of farmer and sugar-maker in the same 

 hands. It must be borne in mind, that in these 

 calculations, coals are only charged at 12s. the ton, 

 or about half their price in the southern counties, 

 where conditions of climate prevail more favour- 

 able to the production of sugar than in the northern 

 counties, in which the principal colleries are situated, 

 and where coal is about 12s. the ton, at a few 



miles from the pit. 



Such are the prospects of sugar growing in 



Britain. We are sorry they are not more favour- 

 able, because, if it were possible profitably to raise 

 the natural produce of the tropics under our sunless 

 skies, it would furnish a very comfortable solution 

 of the African and cheap sugar questions. On 

 these we are, at the present day, in the same 

 awkward predicament between conscience and con- 

 venience, described by Cowper at the commence- 

 ment of the movement against negro slavery : 



I own I am shock'd at the purchase of slaves, 



And tear those who buy them and sell them are knaves ; 



I pity them greatly, bat I must be mum, 



For what could we do without sugar and rum, 



Especially sugar, so needful we see. 



What! give up our desserts, our coffee and tea ! 





incontestibly, that with labour as low as in Ireland, 

 British Tobacco, paying an excise duty of Is. the 

 pound, would be unable to compete with foreign 

 Tobacco, subject to the present import duty of 3s.; 

 and that the competition would be equally hopeless 

 were both free of duty. In the latter case, a revenue 

 of more than four and a quarter millions sterling, 

 levied on the superfluous expenditure of the masses, 

 and producing within a million and a half of the 

 amount of the income tax, must be sacrificed to 

 enable British farmers to grow Tobacco which none 

 of them w r ould smoke, even though they could obtain 

 it 3s. b. pound cheaper than the foreign. The 

 Tobacco grievance is, therefore, rather imaginary 

 than real. 



The cultivation of Beet-root, for sugar making, 

 is not quite so hopeless ; and that is nearly all that 

 can be said in its favour. Those who desire infor- 

 mation respecting it should consult the work of Sir 

 R. Kane, on the " Industrial Resources of Ireland." 



to be tried by the establishment of a Beet-root Sugar 

 Company in Ireland, to which we wish all success. 

 There is nothing like testing theory by actual 

 practice, and we strongly recommend those farmers 

 and landowners who think that they would gain by 

 exchanging the production of corn and cattle for 

 that of sugar, to look before they leap — to make 

 themselves practically conversant with the details 

 and profits of the process by taking a few T shares in 

 that company before they embark individually in 

 the growth of Beet and the manufacture of sugar. 

 At present there is a great dearth of employment 

 for farmers' sons. The area of the British Isles does 

 not increase with the expansion of the agricultural 

 family. All the sons are brought up farmers, and 

 hence that competition for land which forces up 

 rents and leaves so little margin for the farmer's 



profit, be prices what they may. 

 should sugar making succeed. 



It will be different 



The sons can then 



play into one another's hands j one can grow the 



