THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



pated, extremely rich ui Brazilian aiut Ceylon plants, 

 gatiiered mostly by himself during 5£ years' travels in 

 the former country (and they are the authority for his 

 many published species), and during* his 4 years 

 sojourn in Ceylon. It further includes numerous plants 

 prepared by himself in Mauritius, and a still more 

 extended assortment from the Neilgherries ; a rich 

 collection of Malacca plants from the late Mr. Griffiths ; 

 Hong Kong plants from Captain Champion ; South 

 European ones from Mr. Bentham, and others from 

 various parts of the globe ; the whole forming an ex- 

 tensive and well-authenticated herbarium, such as is 

 seldom offered for sale to the botanical world. Mr. 

 Samuel Stevens, 24, Bloomsbury-street, London, is 

 charged with the disposal of this, and further par- 

 ticulars may be obtained on enquiry of him, as also a 

 sight of the plants. The books, almost exclusively 

 botanical, and a few unarranged bundles of duplicate 

 plants, will be sold by auction hereafter at Mr. J. C. 

 Stevens's Room, King-street, Covent-garden, London. 





Calendar of Operations. 



(For the ensuina week.) 



PLANT DEPARTMENT. 



There are many common plants which, if grown well, 

 make a splendid appearance in the greenhouse or con- 

 servatory in the early part of the winter, when the 

 generality of plants are going put of flower. Among 

 these are the various Salvias, some Begonias, Plum- 

 bago capensis, Veronica salicifolia, &c. If these are 

 now planted out in rich soil they will make magnificent 

 plants by September, when they should be taken up, 

 potted, trained, and placed in a shady situation to 

 reoover ; and then brought into a light house, when the 

 finest display of flowers will be obtained, at the most 

 acceptable period. It is at all times, and with every 

 one, an important object to preserve plants in flower as 

 long as possible. To this end, as soon as their blossoms 

 are perfectly expanded, they should be removed to a 

 cooler atmosphere than that in which they have been 

 grown, and carefully shaded from gleamy sunshine. To 

 counteract the drying effects of strong currents of air, 

 which are unavoidable in hot weather, the house should 

 be kept moist by frequently sprinkling the floor and 

 walls, or both plants and flowers will flag, in spite 

 of the shading; much, however, may be done 

 by hanging a thin bunting before the openings, and 

 occasionally syringing it ; this breaks and cools the 

 current of air as it passes through it. In dull or damp 

 weather, however, a directly opposite mode of proceeding 

 must be pursued ; moisture is then injurious, and must 

 be carefully avoided ; and the plants should stand suf- 

 ficiently far apart to secure a full and free circulation 

 of air amongst them. Let no blossoms remain after 

 they fade, nor ever allow the energies of a plant to be 

 exhausted in producing seed, unless it is positively re- 

 quired. Plants of which it is desired to make large 

 specimens in the shortest possible time, should not be 

 allowed to produce flowers until they have attained the 

 desired size. All specimen plants should have plenty of 

 room, and should be occasionally turned round, in order 

 to prevent their growing one-sided. Leaves of Gloxinias 

 should now be inserted into pots of sand ; these, if well 

 managed, will form strong bulbs this season, and will 

 flower during February and March in 6-inch pots. 



FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



Pineries.— Look carefully to the fruiting plants, to 

 see that they are not overburdened with suckers, and let 

 them have an occasional watering with liquid manure, to 

 assist the swelling of the fruit. If the plants, which are 

 just on the point of showing, are in pots, it will be an 

 advantage to shift them immediately into larger ones - 

 to top-dress them with some rich turfy loam, or to turn 

 ihem out entirely into the soil, which is by far the most 

 preferable method. Where the pot system is pursued 

 many of the plants, especially of the young stock, will 

 require repotting ; and at this time they should receive a 

 large shift, as their most active growing season is now 

 approaching. After potting, a closer and moister atmo- 

 sphere must be kept up for a few days, till they be<nn 

 to root into the new soil. No plant stands in greater 

 need of shading during bright sunshine than the Pine- 

 apple ; but as it is not only unnecessary, but injurious 

 in dull weather, the canvas should be so adjusted, by 

 means of rollers, that it can be applied or removed at 

 pleasure. Vro^-If the fruit is all gathered in tfa 

 earliest house the Vines should again be treated with * 

 moderately warm atmosphere, and syringed daily, to 

 destroy insects, and to keep the foliage in a healthy 

 state as long as possible. In order that the Vines may 

 have every means of recruiting their energies for next 

 season, let them have occasional waterings of liquid 

 manure of moderate strength. 



FLOWER GARDEH AND SHRUBBERIES 



All is now hope and activity with the enthusiastic 

 gardener, m anticipation of the speedy realisation of the 

 dreams of floral splendour, which he has been indulging 

 in for the last six months ; and for the accomplishment 

 of which he has during that period, striven most ener- 

 getically. While this state of things is gradually 

 eveloping itself, let due care be taken to have every 

 part ot the grounds in the most careful order As the 

 young plants progress, some will require pegging down 

 and others tying up For the former purpose, small 

 Birch hooks are most substantial for plants of a stiff 

 habit ; but many plants, if once fixed in their position 

 retain it, either by emitting roots or by the natural 

 inflexibility acquired by their stems. For the fastening 

 down of such plants, we reserve all the roughest and 

 coarsest of our bass matting, and cut it into pieces abont 



6 or 8 inches long ; these we form into loops, which 

 clip the shoots, and the ends are fastened into the 

 ground with a blunt dibble. In performing this opera- 

 tion, the heads of the plants should be turned towards 

 the north, as the young laterals will be drawn by the 

 light towards the other points of the compass, and by 

 this means the beds will appear well filled from all 

 sides. The young plants in the beds will be consider- 

 ably benefited by stirring the soil among them with a 

 small fork, especially when it has been caked over by 

 rain. This operation will at the same time destroy 

 weeds, and the ground will keep clean twice as long as 

 it will with merely hoeing and raking, and it will also 

 admit rain more freely, and retain the moisture longer 

 than when the surface is smooth. 



FLORIST'S FLOWERS. 



The season for Tulips will now be getting over, in the 

 southern counties, whilst we hear that the shows in 

 Lancashire, and northwards, will take place next week. 

 We would remind the amateur to take care of the offsets. 

 These, generally being exposed, require taking out of the 

 ground first, so soon as the foliage becomes yellow : by 

 attending to this, the bulbs dry of a nice light brown, a 

 point of some importance. As for the main beds, we 

 would remove the side awnings, but we have our doubts 

 about the propriety of taking off the cover ; if the foliage 

 is in a healthy state, we believe they will be in a much 

 finer state next season, by keeping them from excessive 

 rains, which have a tendency to cause a grossness which 

 florists would rather avoid. Pinks and Ranunculuses 

 will now require considerable care — the spindling flower 

 stems must be tied to neat sticks, and as soon as green- 

 fly appears, brush them off with a camel-hair pencil ; 

 a man will go over a very large collection in a short 

 time. They will require plenty of water, and occasionally 

 liquid manure. Keep the Banunculuses free from the 

 Cicada spumaria, or u froth louse," which will often locate 

 itself on the stems ; shade seedlings from direct sun 1 

 exposure to its warm rays is prejudicial. Dahlias. 

 Plant out directly, &c. 



KITCHEN GARDEN^ 



Every means should be put in practice for checking 

 the ravages of insects of every kind with which gardens 

 are now teeming* and which if not prevented will com- 

 mit serious havoc among the crops of fruit and vegeta- 

 bles. Slugs and snails are most easily destroyed by 

 picking them by hand during moist evenings and morn- 

 ings, and wireworm may be attracted by pieces of Carrot, 

 Turnip, or Beet, put into the ground where they may 

 be doing mischief. The Leek is becoming so favourite 

 a vegetable, that it will well repay a little additional 

 care in its cultivation, its value depending upon the 

 production of a long, thick, well-blanched stem. They 

 may be grown in one season to 14 or 16 inches in 

 length, and upwards of 2 inches in diameter ; and from 

 their growing so closely together, they form one of the 

 most productive of kitchen- garden crops. The ground 

 should be trenched 18 inches deep, the bottom of the 

 trench being stirred up with a fork, and 4 inches of good 

 rotten manure laid on to it ; over which the whole of 

 the soil from the next trench should be placed. If the 

 ground has not been prepared previously, it is a 

 very convenient course of proceeding to carry on the 

 trenching and planting together, so as to prevent 

 in a great measure the compression of the soil 

 after or during planting. This is the more neces- 

 sary in the method about 3 to be described, as 

 raking or forking about the plants will, for some 

 time, be impossible. The plants should be put in 

 about 6 inches apart, and 9 'inches from row to 

 row. Premising that the soil is sufficiently moist to 



ttiglxt. 



May "?*"H azy *» tiue: cl ear at^ShtT 

 " St X ne ; verj ? fle * clcar at night, 



Z 2~SE; tt 11 ^ c ouded s cow at Sh 



— *i—rvne throughout; overcist 



Z *o~"£ lne; b ? zy A c,Mur * nd c °w. 



*y— l?ioe; cloudless; very fine with k«.i_.. 



Mean temperature of the week, I dejj. bJj>J°J; ^a*^ 



State of the Weather at ChtawWk, during the list <k 



ensuing week- ending j u S e £ g* * ***«* tfc 



Sunday 1 



Mod, 2 



lues. 3 



Wed. 4 



I Thura. 5 



Friday 6 



Satur. 7 



70.9 

 70.3 

 71.2 



71.1 



6S.6 



68.0 



46.6 



5S.7 



47.1 



53.7 



46.1 



53.7 



47.2 



59.4 



47.2 



69.1 



47.4 



58.0 



47-4 



58.0 



No. of 

 Years in 

 which it 



Kained. 



Greatest | Prn *tti t ^ 

 Quantity ~T 



of Ram. 



The highest temperature durine the abmr* n o«Zi I*" 

 18 J6-therm. 90 deg.; and the lowest on the 3d, lStf^SjS* * 



Notices to Correspondents 



■—«»* * JG, Abortive fruits 



by it. Perfect fruit, coaUlnluggSS^o 1 ^!* 

 Mrs G C will find a little book S|J * I *!?- 



A.TJCTJBA JAPONIC*. 



duced 



Books: — .„ _ ^ « — „ .**»,»„ uwncanoriUT 



Camellia," by M. de Jonghe just publish Jig** 

 sate and useful guide. The best separate worir J; n*» * 

 that of the late Mr. W. Macnab.-ii a. The » h. !%& k 

 the Horticultural Society's Catalogue of Pmit. !?** * 

 lished in 1842. Its price is 85. 6<L to Fellow, 5?' * 



public.} 

 Dried Apples 



m 





prevent its falling 

 should be made 



in, the holes 



for the 

 with 



e 

 a 



plants 

 14 inches deep, with a dibber 

 2 inches in diameter, and into each of these a plant 

 should be dropped and watered. The plants are 

 thus placed in the most favourable position for grow- 

 ing, which they will continue to do till Christmas. 

 Forking or stirring the ground among growing crops is 

 highly beneficial to them, and it is at the same time an 

 excellent method of destroying weeds, which are now 

 advancing rapidly. Cutting should now be entirely 

 discontinued from a portion of the Asparagus beds 

 especially from those intended for forcing early next 

 winter. Continue to put in successional crops of Peas 

 Beans, Lettuces, and Turnips. A few rows of Cauli- 

 flowers, Cabbages, and autumn Broccoli, should be planted 

 at intervals of from 10 days to a fortnight ; selecting the 

 strongest plants from the beds, and lifting and trans- 

 fernrjg them with as much earth as will hang to their 

 roots. If Beet, Parsnips, or Carrots, have come up 

 badly, sow again directly, as they will still have time to 

 make useful roots. Some trenches of Celery should now 

 be planted and more got ready for successional plantings 

 If the Cardoon trenches have not yet been prepared Jose 

 no tune in doing so ; as the first sowing should now be 

 made m the open ground, and another in about 

 fortnight or three weeks. When sown too early, thev 

 are very apt to run to seed. J ' * 



Thos Osborn. We believe that the tn» ^ 

 which the Normandy Pippin is gathered is the rH5 

 grise, largely cultivated in Normandy. It is undfrZS 

 be prepared by scalding, so as to remove the skin i*?*- 

 by simple drying. ' ■■■ ■■ 



Gooseberries and Currants: G L. They may be fanm* i** 

 standards by pruning away the low** branches JTLil 

 induce them to make a clean bare stem. J * 



Hardy Azaleas : ML. Cut them down in November nitt 



Horticultural Society : Begi.ner; Send your mTni 

 address to the Secretary, 21. Regent-street. Londoo. Si 

 schedule will be forwarded to you.t * 



Italian Gardens : Winter Garden. You can either use unJ <*f 

 various colour?, not very easy to procure; or yon may tun 

 the walks constructed with cement artificially coloured. Aw 

 ingenious plasterer would point out the method of colouriifi 



Names of Plants : AS. It looks like a fragment of the Ctrob 

 tree, Ceratonia siliqua, and if so, is a greenhouse pliot- 

 LLL. Flowers and leaves of the Bird Cherry.-fS. Thtofc 

 the Hippeastrum vittatum ; the plant which was so called, by 

 an accidental slip, was, if our memory is troe, H. rericaJatia, 

 If not, and you can send another of the latter, its exact nun* 

 shall be ascertained. — Tim. 1, Cyanotisnttata; 2 and 3, no 

 flowers ; 4, seems to be a morsel of Acacia dec\p\ens.-A B C, 

 1, Anthoxanthum odoratum ; 2, Poa pratensis ; 3, alopecumi 

 pratensis ; 4, some indeterminable Carex. We really hope 

 you will find some friend able to give you the names o! sac* 

 common things. — EME. The Alpine Rose is E. alpina : it 

 is more likely to be found in Botanic Gardens than elsewhere, 

 as it is not handsome enough for nurserymen.— Sufc. Gen. 

 niuni pratense, and Vaccinium resinosum.— Querns, 1, Sofi* 

 dago virgaurea; 2, Mentha incana, apparently. — fissir, 

 1, Euonymus latifolius ; 2, Stapbylea pinnata; 3, La&jm 

 tuberosus ; 4, Aristolochia tomentosa.— J L. Ranuncnloj 

 aq uatilis, Veronica chamaedrys, Sedum album ? a monster. 

 —ML. 1, Lastrea dilatata ; 2, Asplenium FiUx-femioa ; 

 3, Lastrea Filix-mas ; 4, Polygticbum lobatum ; ^toojwufc 

 and the specimen quite crumpled— may be an Aipieoiani 

 Filix.foemina ; 6, Polypodium Dryopteris; 7, Cjetoptens 

 fragilis ; 8, Lastrea dilatata. £.— A few inquiries stand Of* 

 for further consideration, 



NioaTiN gales : John Bailey. Considering the long distinct 

 your bird has travelled, and the disturbance hehasexps- 

 rienced so soon after being caught, it cannot be a matttrw 

 wonder that he should "not sing yet." If he is of aw* 

 disposition, your having removed the tissue-paper from Dew« 

 hU cage thus early will be of little consequence. Hjm 

 every possible attention, and treat him to a feast ot afltr 

 eggs from time to time, and the chances are newiuproT* 

 his gratitude, at an early day, by making his senttrn^ 



known in song, W, AT. _„«. 



Peabs : Inquirer. The Beurre Ranee Pear, i™™* 1 ™* 

 does not always ripen well. When this appears «WJI£ 

 the case, the fruit should be put into a temperature i « w 

 February. In order to prevent damp and mo^JftPj. 

 plenty of ventilation when the external and internal w 

 of the same temperature.il _„» to 



Pines: MB. You have ample bottom heat. If J™ " ^ 

 grow good Pines, read Glendinmng on the / ,n ^* p ^ 

 and follow his instructions exactly ; when you *» 

 that, and had some very good Queens, tfcen r» 

 treatises on the subject. In the » ^anwhile *tuay 

 lively the directions in our "Calendar," ^.^Stoi 

 one of the best practical gardeners in England, UW 



c imate like that of Cheshire. »,««.». lew. tto 



Rose Tbees : MWK. They are attacked by honey w. % 

 cure is to keep the plants in more vigorous neaim 



damper air. . . , L , , -nf wm «i 



Steawberbies : J Kenny. A nicely-fru; ted plant. 



favour us with your method of cultivation. ? ^^ 



The Sola: JR. The botanical name of ™ e f oia ^^ » 



Cork, whose pith is used fur *™^jTui>* 



the ^schynomene called lagenana .^^"jtic. 



perennial, and requires to be treated like an ^^^ 



ines: Gobemottche. A n»**™W£^M^l* 

 ence may bear a hundred weight of ™*P*£V^ oS On 

 allow it sufficient apace.* -^. You had better »* 



new bunches. , «— mtt the face of V& 



Walls: W F. Unnail the trees, and .f 5^^ nail hoi* 

 wail with good Roman cement ; it will nu up 

 and restore a clean face to the brickwork 



Vines 



a 



State of the Weather near London, for the weekendimr \c. v «o i«si 

 aa obierred at the Horticultural «.«.« ,T ; n * M * y " 9 » 1861 » 



Mat. 



a 



s 



Babombtik. 



Horticultural Garuen, Chiswfck.' 



Tbxpbbatubb. 



gLP 1 ** 1 *- _ ' Oftbe Earth. Wlnd> 



Friday.. 

 Satur. .. 24 

 Sunday . 2 

 Monday 26 

 Tue». .. 27 

 Wed. .. 38 

 Thai*-.. 19 



(C 



24 



27 

 2? 



Max. 



80L342 



30.203 

 29 965 

 30.093 



Min. j Max. | Min. Mean i foot 2 *««* 



I deep. drep. 



30.254 



29.921 



29.902 



30.0*6 



c 



OS 



SEEDLING FLOWERS. Ue; j if 



CAtdEOLAaras : R R. 1 is a nice f) ower, but « wtf R B j* 



worthless.* - E T. Useless as sho* flowew. 



" ribbj," but beautiful in colour.* rfnequal to **» 



CiwEaaaias : P W. Not received.*-^ <- uu H 



already out.* _ .. „_ * _ 



Eptphyllum: J G. Very large and showy. dUioDf bat app* 



i?T,nr,a. ia . p if/wAff/i*// Received m bad conai*u . -*&. 



Fuchsias : E Woodward. Received in oa« ^Tncalti^^ 



of the light ^jJf^S of th« £3 

 iucl 

 class already out.*— W D. me eye **-• — - 

 the bottom petal, otherwise it would be a 



rently inferior to some of the light Wnfl» v 0I „.- . 



Pansies: SBG. Very much « fmo J " ^i tb« **£! 



The eye exte no» w &gQ& 



30.203 

 MiMJ 30 J 49 



AT«I»....i I gojU I 30.140 



when 



it re** b0 ? 



flower.* 



Pelabqonioms 



us. The upper petals appear to oe ^-. -£ ; f0!ir us wj" £ 

 JefectiVTin shape.*-/***. Can jou 1 " hrire llea W * 



: WJBD. Quite fallen to > piece* ^ fl ° d * f, 



a,. »•<*!« annear to be good, W * m & * 



are defective 



better specimen ? That sent was too 



m uch shrire- 



54.8 I 52.1 



us to offer any opinion on it.* , flower; 



m6aiQ ^J " s, 



»n 

 that a Certificate was given 



Petuwias: WC. Very pretty m 

 EaRATUM : In the adr 



p pretty i"««" — . Prfa** ji 



»*Tua : in uie nurertliement of the > '' A^ g. itia &*f % 

 the Royal Botanic Society's Z*^ l ™%£lr, ot S*®**' 







4)9 



•hould bate been air. Wilim*'. of *"*"»» 



