THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE 



be, the effect produced is deficient, if the plants are not 

 so arranged as that each may receive its proper share 

 of room and light. Tying, stopping, and frequent turn- 

 ing, to keep every side of the various specimens in a 

 healthy state, should be well attended to. Conservatory 

 climbers will demand some attention, to prevent them 

 from becoming entangled one with another. Let them 

 be kept moderately thin, and not too closely tied in ; for 

 they never look so charming as when allowed to hang 

 gracefully from the roof. Maudevilla, and some others, 

 are very subject to green fly ; and to keep these in check, 

 use the syringe frequently in the afternoon, and endea- 

 vour to maintain a growing atmosphere, by sprinkling 

 the dry surface of the borders every day after much 

 sun heat. 



FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



Admit plenty of air to Grapes which are colouring ; 



maintaining a high temperature during fine clear weather. 



The litter used upon Vine borders may now be safely 



removed, except a little of the shortest and most decayed 



portion of it, which may be left as a mulching to protect 



any fibres brought to the surface by the warmth imparted 



to the soil during fermentation ; and to prevent too 



sudden a check by the drying effects of strong sunshine 



upon the soil. Due attention should be paid to regulating 



the temperature to the various stages of the crops in 



Vineries. The healthy state of the foliage should always 



be kept in view ; and to ensure this, admit air early ; to 



dry otf any excess of moisture before the rays of the 



sun come too powerfully upon the houses. Care should 



he taken to prevent, by frequent use of sulphur, the 



establishment of red spider or other insects. When 



no plants are grown beneath the Vines, the laterals may 



be allowed to extend themselves, so long as they do not 



by their shade interfere with the action of the sun on 



the principal leaves. Pay particular attention to the 



tying of the shoots, in the direction which will afford 



them the best opportunity of a healthy development. In 



the earliest house, as soon as the crop is gathered, the 



trees should be well washed with the engine, and 



and Pico tees * 

 recollect that ' 



methods, &c. The stems of Carnations 



will now elongate fast); carefully tie, but 



these ties must be occasionally looked to, and eased 



if they require it. 



HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 



It should be the aim of every cultivator of hardy 

 fruits to induce a fruitful habit in all trees and bushes ; 

 and nothing conduces to this so much as summer stop- 

 ping. The finger and thumb will do more at this season 

 when the shoots are soft, than half-a-dozen knives in 

 winter, and with far better results. To allow wood to I 

 be produced, which must not only be cut away again, 

 but which, during its growth, is materially damaging the 

 portion which is to remain, carries with it the appear- 

 ance of very bad management to every reflecting mind. 

 Thin the young shoots which have been thrown up by 

 the Raspberry stools, leaving from three to six of the 

 best, according to their strength ; these will form fine 

 strong canes, which may be trained as arches, or tied to 

 stakes, at the next winter pruning. Any young shoots 

 coming up at a distance from the old stools, may be left 

 to form plants, which may be taken up in winter, to fur- 

 nish new" plantations, if such are likely to be required. 

 Caterpillars on Gooseberry or Currant trees should be 

 destroyed by hand-picking, or by dusting the trees with 

 a little quick-lime. The cleanest way of proceeding is 

 to dissolve some lime in water ; and after allowing it to 

 subside, to syringe the trees with the clear liquid. 



KITCHEN GARDEN. 



infinitely better than it is. The inai. 



time bv tbfi m»aiv «~i ~i .« _"? 8 P el1 can be woh^J 



Remember, however, to 



the 



fidence. Your bird. W »l the'n be ^-^ft* «S 



the branches and bum them notm °g more th^!5> • 



Cinerarias: Iota. Next week * * 



Drying Plants: Botanicus All von 

 between leaves of pap^r, and ph.iuL C ?u is ** &** tU. 

 they become damp* P W hen •peciea^h,^ Pap€ri *" *fc 

 their leaves, that may be prevented h?M V eD **ey toc£ 

 in a weak solufon of corroai™ ..!w& * ! «? n * !*• »i** 



'Ptcia^ 



All crops, which it is an object to bring to a high 

 state of perfection in a short space of time, as early 

 Peas, Cauliflowers, &c, will be considerably benefited 

 by being watered with liquid manure ; first loosening 

 the surface of the soil with a fork, to allow the liquid to 

 permeate the mass more thoroughly, and at the same 

 time to produce a surface less favourable to evapora- 

 tion. Another advantage arising from frequently stir- 

 ring the soil, is in its allowing a freer action of sun and 



iiiiurmauon on tnis sub ect sep rm oik . 7 IZT r orfjm| . 



for last year.* J ' e pp ' 215 and *37of ow "** 



Fungus : B R W. The wood is att^i^ v 

 fungi Immediately remove t^ ° f J* -7* 



it At the same time provide apeS 



strong current of air may be malnrainaJ \\ r0Qgh "***• 

 the floor. If von do „«? ;l™ a i Q _ tained ^athtnd ^ 



den ft* 



with water plants, to screTnWm fromthe°nerce^^ 

 sun in hot weather. You will find much Tin L^> 

 their management in former Yolum^Tm^J^S * 

 pp. 36 and 213, 1844 ; and 3 and 36 ?S45 ° * "P*"^ « 

 Gbapes : Cymro Your Grapes are attacked by rust Rn#u 

 caused by any kind of injury to the skin of th TL£$± 

 young. Therefore the skin of vonr ftro n .. ZlT?^ **» 



Gold Fish 



yringed daily __ 



house which is exposed to the action of the^sun/shouTd 

 be washed over with lime and sulphur, to keep down red 

 spider ; and if the soil is dry, it should be well watered. 

 These directions are given with a view to preserve the 

 leaves, and to keep the plants in a healthy steady grow- 

 ing state as long as possible. By this means, the plants 

 accumulate an extra quantity of elaborated sap, and 

 avoid the injury arising from the alternate checks and 

 excitements which are generally experienced during 

 autumn m our variable climate, by plants which are 

 allowed to go early to rest. 



FLOWER GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



I here are few plants which add so much to the 

 beauty of the flower garden as the Humea elegans, of 

 which some seed should now be sown, in order to secure 

 a supply of fine strong plants for next season. The pro- 

 pagation of Pinks and many other useful plants for the 

 flower garden should now be proceeded with, as they 

 will strike freely at this season, and consequently no 

 time should be lost in putting in a sufficient quantity of 

 all the favourite kinds. Particular attention should be 

 paid to the plants which were plunged in the reserve 

 garden to fill up any gaps which may occur during the 

 early part of the summer ; and if any more can be 

 spared from the late spring stock, they should be at once 

 selected, as it is worth while to be at a little pains in 

 keeping up a creditable display as late in the season as 

 possible. Many of the fancy Pelargoniums are admir- 

 ably adapted for planting in masses, and attention should 

 be paid thus early to their propagation by those who 

 possess only a few plants, that they may have as lar°*e a 

 stock as possible for the next season. Amongst °the 

 most suitable varieties are Nosegay, Anais, Jehu superb 

 Hero of Surrey Bouquet de Flore, &c. Shepherd's 

 Victoria, and a few others which are very beautiful in 

 the greenhouse, are too delicate for planting out of doors 

 except in very favourable situations, their flowers bein? 

 of so slight a texture as to be quite disfigured by dashinS 



rains. * b 



FLORIST'S FLOWERS. 



btretch a light awning over the Ranunculus bed ; 

 when shaded, water will not be so often required. If 

 the flowers are intended for exhibition, they should have 

 small glass caps or hand-glasses placed over them. 

 These splendid flowers are not cultivated so much m 

 they ought to be, considering the ease with which they 

 may be grown. Carefully tend seedlings ; those of thl 

 second year's growth will astonish, by the robustness of I 

 their habit ; as they come into flower, mark those which 

 show good properties, placing a small deal peg or tally 

 against each, entering in a memorandum book their 

 colour, qualities, &c. Should semi-double varieties 

 exhibit any novel or striking points, these ought to be 

 saved for the purpose of still further improvement, by 

 crying others with their pollen. Dahli Is-Stake im- 

 mediately, and water the young plants in dry weather. 

 Sometimes snails make too free ; it will be advisable by 

 way of precaution, to put a ring of soot round each 

 Give Pmks liquid manure, reduce the buds according to 

 the strength of the plants ; keep them free from green 



ZU^lt ° Ut r lat , er f 8 ' » d *» *>on as convenient 

 "pipe the earliest shoots, and there will be time for 



another crop ; some people layer Pinks, but they root 

 so easily from cuttings, and are much neater plants that 

 we prefer the latter method. Do not forget^uSculL 

 and Polyanthuses in pots, of course they are now in 

 some cool and shaded spot for the summer ; give them 

 water as they require it, and see that the heads of seed 

 «> going on right. Propagate Pansies by the usual 



air, and at the same time the growth and increase of 

 weeds will be prevented. Advantage should be taken 

 of all dull and showery weather to prick out young 

 seedlings of Celery, Cabbages, &c, into nursery beds, 

 and to transplant the strongest plants of earlier sowings 

 into their proper places. Basil, Savory, Tomatoes, and 

 other things raised in hotbeds, should now be trans- 

 planted. Continue to sow Peas, and Broad and Kidney 

 Beans, in succession, as soon as those of the last previous 

 sowing appear above ground. Peas of former sowings 

 must be furnished with stakes of the requisite height, as 

 soon as the rows are perceptible ; and when the plants have 

 grown to within a few inches of the tops of the stakes, 

 their points should be pinched off. Do not allow any 

 crops which are cultivated for the sake of their roots or 

 leaves to run into flower or seed, as Onions, Spinach, 

 Parsley, Rhubarb, Lettuce, &c, but let the whole energy 

 of every plant be directed, if possible, to the perfect 

 development of that part for which it is cultivated, 

 whether it be leaf or fruit ; and any plants which have 

 passed the stage in which they are useful, should be 

 immediately removed. The early-grown crops of 

 Parsley now require thinning ; leaving them for the 

 present about 4 inches asunder, and retaining the finest 

 curled ones. As the plants increase in size, the inter- 

 mediate ones may be cut away as they are required for 

 use, or transplanted. Radishes and Letruces should now 

 be sown on very rich moist ground ; but, if the soil is of a 

 hot and sandy nature, it will be better to cultivate these 

 salads under the shade of a north wall during the 

 summer. c 



State of the WexthT near London, for the week ending June 5, 1851, 

 as observed at the Horticultural Garden, Chiswick. 



an 



Majr 



and June. 



Friday.. 30 



31 

 1 

 2 

 3 

 4 

 5 



9 « 



Satur. .. 

 Sunday . 

 Monday 

 Tues. .. 

 Wed. .. 

 Thurt. .. 



Average 



M 



< 

 a 



"p 

 O 

 C 



2 



I 



1 



2 

 3 

 4 

 5 

 6 



Babombteb. 



I 



Max. 



30.407 

 30.470 



30.363 

 20.1S1 



29.879 

 29.904 



29.333 



Miu. 



Tkmpehaturb. 



Of the Air. Of the Earth. Wind, i « 



30.402 



30.407 



30.1 to 

 3<».0<2 

 29.672 

 29.819 



-9.773 



i 



5 



30.143 3Q,(H4 70.11 40 5 ! 55.4 



1 foot 



2 feet 





deep. deep. 





57 



53* 



E. 



57$ 



54 



E. 



5, 



54 



N.E 



58 



56 



N.W. 



58 



56 



s.w. 



57* 



54* 



N.W. 



57 



55 



1 S.W. 



1 09./ 



54 7 



.00 

 .00 

 .00 

 .00 

 .08 

 .01 

 .14 



.23 



injured when you ng-by what means wi cannot teU fW 



s:a for ru8fc > but «™ * ii1 p«™ * 5J5 



7SJiioi^7^^. Mass *jj **£ 



chaffer. Thew. 

 companjiny ii i 

 figure of it, ud 

 an account of 

 its babiti will be 

 found tt pin 

 700 in the toL 

 for 1844. Flf.1, 



beetle; 3, Dim. 



jointed antenna; 

 4, a fore lef of 

 the maie. If.- 

 Norway Spnta. 



Tfceihootioftht 

 Spruce Fir tent 



are infested with 



aphis (A. pinivora Ratzeburg ?). We know no more 

 likely plan to get rid of these insects than to enclose tht 

 trees, if *>mall enough, in a canvass cover, which must then 

 be tilled with tobacco smoke. We fear, however, there art 

 other influences than aphides which prevent the growth of 

 the trees. IV.— An Old Sub. The minute beetles which jon 

 hare found in the Apple blossoms are Cateretes paiicariai. 

 Several of the specieB of this genus feed upon pollen. If jn 

 were to lay a few sheets of paper pasted together and coTerec 

 with pitch beneath the trees, and then have them well shakes, 

 great numbers of the beetles would fall, and be tb as destroyed. 

 The species is quite distinct in habits and structure from tbs 

 little beetles which destroyed Mr. Westwood's Straw. 

 berries. W. — W and Co. The beetle found on the Tines ii 

 not the Curculio Nucum (which is found only in the Natij. 

 It is the common Otiorhvnctaus sulcatus, which maj be 

 caught at night by laying a sheet under the trees and tbea 

 shaking them. W. 



Ivy : E F L. Ivy will suit your purpose best. It will not harm 

 the walls. J 



Lightning- Conductors : Country Squire. The lightning-con- 

 ductor should be a stout rod of iron or copper, pointed at tin 

 end ; copper does not rust, and is on that account often 

 preferred to iron. So long as the rod is not connected with 

 the house by a conducting substance, it seems to nutter 

 little what is used to keep the rod in its place. Therod 

 should terminate below the ground in two or three branches, 

 and if these can be placed in a natural spring of water, so 

 much the better. See the "Penny Cyclopaedia, article 



44 Thunder-roda." . . t ... 



Lusus :JCL. It is common in England, where theplmr in« 

 j#oduces such sports is usually called Cytisus Adimi 

 and purple Laburnum ; sometimes the flowers are tnos* w 

 C. purpureus, sometimes of Laburnum, and * m f m *JZ 

 tween the two. Its true history is uncertain. i« fW » 

 is sad work ; and will effectually drive off Engush capuau»» 



Plants: PB. 1, D. calceolaria; 2, D- C f re ^'l* 



Names of 



pl 



ES. Hipper 



nearly the same treatment as a Heath.J— --- - 

 trum Johnsoni.-TT. It has not the most retno * rese r"£ 

 to Tussac Gra>s.-ffeo. Pickering. Your plan is ^ 

 Hoarea, but we cannot waste time in determinijyj 

 species, unless you send sufficient specimens.— a iew n^ 

 stand over for father consideration. ^^ 



May 



June 



30 -Very fine; c^ear at night. 



31— Very ftoe ; clear and cold at night. 



1— Very fine ; clear at night. 



2— Very fine throughout. 



a- Fine; »eryfioe; cloudy. 



4- Cloudy ; fine, with tome low white clouds, aud deep blue iky ; 



clear aod cold at night. 

 5 -Overcast; boitterous; rainbow a* 8pm ; densely clouded. 

 Meau temperature of the week, 2* deg. below the average. 



Mushe.-oms: J George. YourproiiterousM^ui-— 

 thing ; but such cases are not very rare in Musbroom^ ^ 



Mushroom 



Peach-house: J LB. Of the two aspects, the ioui 



west is the best.} , . webdW 



Red Spider t E W W. The vapour of sulphur is, we *— • 



X- LS KJ J A ASM*** * Ja_# WW ¥ r • — — — - — f" 



the only effectual destroyer of this pest.J Vnff] [ s h TobK* 

 ob a ceo : JH I. We have seen much bettei ' Eng£ J fof g 

 than that you have seat. Nevertheless we ^^ ^ ^ 



State of the Weather at ChUwick, during the last 2:, yeaw, for the 



enauing week, ending June 14, 1*1. 



tnan mat you nave bcui. ^°' v * 1 ' :",",« tft bl? in » re,s 

 moment admit that it can be cultif ated prufata oiy ^ 

 Britain, unless with the help of a tax on the P wv.^ 

 guised under the name of a protecting duty, i ^ 



Spon inquiry that it is in the »? r ! h °\ h ZT»^U^ * 

 " " Surely it is obvious that a p | ^ 



-i.- I- —uk nnfl'iv aDDiiaucefc, "*s m 



worthless crop. 



an 



June, 



Sunday 8 

 Mon. 9 

 Tuea. 10 

 Wed. 1 1 

 Thurt. 12 

 Friday 13 

 Satur. 14 



No. of 

 Tears in 

 which it 



Rained. 



9 

 10 



to 



7 



9 



10 



9 



Greatest 

 Quantity 

 of Rain. 



Pretailin* 





0.10 in. 



0.50 



0.95 



0.47 

 0.78 

 0.56 

 0.21 



• ii 



«J 



ft'L-» 



*■ 



much manure, <fec, and expensive ,»«-«... , 



into mercantile competition with the same 1 plant 



favourable climate, low rents, cheap , apptta w ^> 



and labour of nominal *alue. Wa •houW _m ^^ to 



w 





J 5 1 ;- 4 6 



2 4 113 9 

 15 113" 



H 7! 1 13 



-5315 

 15 3 12 

 12 4 14 



4 

 3 



7 



5 



4 



7 2 

 6; 5 



7 5 



2 



2 

 3 



n 



2 



1 



favourable climate, low rents, cheap ' ■»% 8 J rry to"* 

 ^bour of nominal t alue. We ahoold m '^^ » 

 (treat branch of revenue damaged by grant mgj p9 „ 

 Brtti.h farmers, to ruin themselves by hope"* 



aspects, the south-west is th. b*» 



grow a bad article, 

 Vineex: QB. Of the two 



muw, uigQCBi icmpernrure aurmjr the above ceriod ocrnrrsn o„ ♦*,, i«n 



«d 13th. 18«-the,m. 90d«*. ; aa/th. lowe., ZfSS&fiSgBt&SS ft£ 



SEEDLING FLO WERS. isthebMt)bith 

 Calceolarias : Amateur 



ikff* 



Notices to Correspondents. 



"B.RD8,— HOW CAN I L*ABN TO TAME THEM?" Arahelln C 



This is not so difficult as jou Imagine; nor is it fai/to laV 

 claim to any particular -art" in the maner,-succ« M f * 

 though we have been in nearly every effort made. The *' law 

 of kindness" is the talisman by which these thin*. *JI 

 affected; a law which, if k were brought into more wneral 

 practice among* ourselvet, would make society at large 



colour and shape.* 

 flowers." 



Reader. Much too 



GLox,K,as: «*. I. iarge white^ with . J «»£££» I. * 



2, in the wav of Cartoni ; 3 violet. 1 u 



small, and 3 does not expand sufficiently. #«m 



Pelaioobidms : W C. A good scarlet, but ^hsd* 



ssy ab.ut it, for it had fallen to P'*«^£t" "^jS. 



-beta. Your «« fancy " is P™ «?-' ^'ll, wbeo rec««* 



-J MA. A confused mass of detached pe* 



2 and 1 have good colours.* Verbenas w * , Vi*l 



nisisii : WD. Your p.nk and white *e u ^ Bttl0l m 



what shrivel'ed ; but they do 



" kinds,* 



W* 



a a wm» ;„h«ne»f 

 not apP*«- t0 ** " 



