23—1851.| 



THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 



361 



PERUVIAN GUANO. 

 nAVTION TO AGRICULTURISTS. 



\J It being notorious that extensive adulterations of thU 



v iM RE are still carried on, 



M AXTONT GIBB3 AND SONS, 



0>"LY IMPORTERS OF PERUVIAN GUANO, 



it to be their duty to the Perurian Government and 

 public again to recommend Farmers and all others who 

 tat to be carefully on their guard, 

 the character of the parties from whom they purchase will of 

 m be the best security, and in addition to particular atten- 

 _ to that point, ANTONY GIBBS and SONS think it well 

 lo remind buyers that — ^ ^ ^ 



flu lowest wholesale price at which sound Peruvian 

 Q*3W) has been sold by them during the last two years 

 is 9L 5s. per ton, less 24 per cent. 



any resales made by Dealers at a lower price must therefore 

 cither leave a lost to them, or the article must be adulterated. 



GUANO AND OTHER MANURES.— Peruvian 

 Guano of the finest quality; Superphosphate of Lime: 

 Gypsum ; Salt Nitrate of Soda ; Moffat's Patent Concentrated 

 c ty Sewage Manure, and all others of known value. — Apply to 

 Kabk Fotbebgill, "J 04, Upper Thames-street, London. 





NEW TURNIP MANURE, 50s. a Ton.— Mr. 

 Pottie can strongly recommend the above as a cheap 

 end efficient Manure, and capable of raising heavy crops. 

 Delivered fr*« on rail. The Bags to be returned or paid for. 



POTTER'S GUANO. 71. per ton ; SUPERPHOSPHATE OF 

 LIMB, 61. per ton ; GYPSUM, 25*. per ton, including bags and 

 delivery on rail. — 28, Clapham-road- place, London. 



MESSRS. NESBirS CHEMICAL AND AGRI- 

 CULTURAL SCHOOL, 38, Kennington-lane, London.— 

 A sound practical knowledge of Analytical and Agricultural 

 Chemistry, Geology, Surveying, Levelling, Railway Engineer. 

 log, 4c, may be ubtained^ic Messrs. Nesbit's Academy, in 

 addition to a good modern education. 



Mr. Nisbit's works on Arithmetic, Mensuration, Gauging, 

 Land Surveying, English Parsing, Ac, are published by Long. 

 man and Co.. and may be had of all Booksellers. 



MR. J. C. NESBIT, F.C.S., F.G.S., Consulting and 

 Analytical Chemist, Laboratories, 39, Keonington-lane, 

 London. —PRIVATE INSTRUCTIONS in Chemical Analysis, 

 and the most approved methods of making ARTIFICIAL 

 MANURES. Analyses of Soils, Manures, Minerals, dec, per- 

 formed as usual, on moderate terms. 



MANURES.— The following Manures are manu- 

 factured at Mr. Laweb's Factory, Deptford Creek : 



Clover Manure, per ton £11 



Turnip Manure, do 7 



Superphosphate of Lime 7 



Sulphuric Acid and Coproliteg 5 



Office, 69, King William-street, City, London. 

 K.B. Peruvian Guano, guaranteed to contain 16 per cent, of 

 Ammonia, U. 10*. per ton ; and for 5 tons or more, 91. 5*. per 

 on, in dock. Sulphate of Ammonia, «fcc. 



r rHE LONDON MANURE COMPANY beg to 



J- offer, as under, CORN MANURE, most valuable for 

 spring dressing— Concentrated Urate, Superphosphate of Lime, 

 Nitrate of Soda, Sulphate of Ammonia, Fishery and AgricuL 

 tural Salts, Gypsum, Fossil Bones, Sulphuric Acid, and every 



° a d Art,ficial Manure ; *lso a constant supply of English 

 and Foreign Linseei-cake. Peruvian Guano, guaranteed the 

 genuine importation of Messrs. A. Gibbs and Sons, 91. 10*. per 

 ton, or 91. 5j. in quantities of 5 tons and upwards. 



. A _ ., Edward Porsee, Secretary, 



40, Bridge-street, Blackfriars, London. 



XTOSE FOR LIQUID MANURE, Fire-engine 



* Da " agricultural purposes, made of canvass, lined and 

 coated with gutta purcha ; it is about one-third the price of 

 leather or india-rubber, will convey liquids of all kinds under 

 a heavy pressure, it is extensively used at the Government 

 public works ; also by the navy, and amongst agriculturists, 

 giving universal satisfaction. Testimonials and prices may be 

 obtained of Messrs. Burgess and Key, 103, Newgate-street, sole 

 manufacturers.— London Agents: Messrs. Deane, Dray, and 

 l>eane, Swan-lane ; Messrs. Tilley, Blackfriars-road.— Country 

 Agents : Messrs. Ransome and Parsons, Ipswich ; Messrs. J. 

 and S. Johnson, Liverpool; Messrs. Dickson, Hull; Mr. si 

 Wilson, Agent for Scotland. 



TTOSE! HOSE!! HOSE!!! Improved Canvas- 



J-A coated and Lined Hose, for Liquid Manure, Fire 

 Engines, Garden and Farm purposes.— This Hose is greatly 

 improved, the rigidity of seam avoided, the flexibility increased, 

 the waterpoof qualities extended, the price more reasonable, 

 and the pliancy that of a lady'i irlove. Much research and 

 trial by the Manufacturers has enabled them to arrive at what 

 they consider a perfect Hose.— Apply to Messrs. Mitchell and 

 Co., 93, High Holborn, London ; International Depot for 

 Patented and other useful Inventions. 



FOR WATERING GARDENS, DISTRIBUTING LIQUID 



t>.~« MANURE, BREWERS' USE, Ac. 



PATENT VULCANISED INDIA RUBBER HOSE-PIPES 



J AND FLEXIBLE GAS TUBING. 



AMES LYNE HANCOCK (sole Licensee and) 

 Manufacturer, Goswell-road, London. 



vJ£ ei ?. Pipes ,. are wel1 ada P^d for Watering Gardens, con- 

 lejtng Liquid Manure, racking Beer and Cider, for portable 

 vas Lamps , and all purposes where a perfectly sound Water. 

 r^?l and F * exlble F ipe is re q™ed. Hot Liquors or Acids do 



norr^ JUfe the iP ; they are > tDerefor ^ much used for Chemical 

 J^poses, as they require no oil or dressing when out of us«> • 



celd^i 1CUla, ; ly , iUit , abl ?. for F ire En * ine »> *°A are found ex! 

 ceeaingly uneful in dwelling houses for conveying Hot or Cold 



" **•* to Baths, <fce. 



HanuflT nial8 aQd PriCM maj ** had ° n *M> lication to the 



2foL!!!' T Vulcani8ed India Rubbcr Garden Hose, fitted up with 



to Inl u\* 9 and Branches complete, with union joints ready 



Ail chto P um P»o r water cisterns. J 



mim, 2?" °r i Lett 5 rs »ddreased to J. L. Hamcock, GoswelL 

 •ttsntton! * ' I^ndon, will meet with immediate 



*&C ^ blng *?? aD 1 Sl S ckin « 8 ' **">!• India. 



S METALLIC PAINT, produ^e!^yll^~p^ t 



Jean rtfrTr Com J >an 7» has been exten8i *elj used for several 

 ihinnlnJ Q 2 arm " b ™ <W«. iron bridges, roofs and railings, 

 •nipping, Ac, and it is admitted that it covers a greater sur 



C7^ lnd ' f ar better than any other pigment on wood" 



Per ton .!!? « t L L m ?' and Roman Cement Fine Black, 252 

 tta^J 1 R ^° h ^Ple-browu, 20C per ton—Offices of the 

 Beereta W BrO!ld - ttr08 ^ London,— Joh» A, Wbst, 



HAYMAKING EOUWOMi&Ll). 



WEDLAKE and THOMPSON, Inventors, Im- 

 provers, and Manufacturers of the double-cylinder HAY 

 MACHINE (which obtained the prize of the Royal Agricul'ural 

 Society), beg to call ihe attention of agriculturists to the above 

 valuable Implement ; the motion of which, by a very simple 

 contrivance, is reversed, and turns the hay after being shaken 

 from the swathe, thereby effecting a considerable saving in the 

 expence of manual labour. Horse, Hay, and Corn Hakes, Oat 

 Bruisers, and every description of Agricultural Implements, 

 upon the most improved principle, and at a great reduction in 

 price. — Address, Union Foundry, Horn church, Essex. 



IRON GATES, HURDLES, WIRE WORK, Ac. 



THOMAS PERRY AND SONS, 

 252, OXFORD-STREET (neii HYDE-PARK). 

 And Highfield Iron-works, Bilston, 

 MANUFACTURE all kinds of Park Entrance, Carriage and 

 Field Gates, Wickets, Wrought and Cast Iron Gate Pillars, 

 Plain and Ornamental Fencing, Palisading, and Balconies. 

 Ox, Cattle, Sheep, and other Hurdles. 



Tree Guards, Garden Seats, Garden Rollers, Wheelbarrows. 



Stable Fittings, Ac — Iron Work of every description. 



Wire Work in great variety, comprising Gothic and other 

 Fencing, Flower Stan «s. Trainers, Arches, Phea^antries, Ac. 



The works being situated in the centre of the Staffordshire 

 Iron district, Thomas Peret and Sons are enabled to execute 

 promptly orders to any extent with the greatest facility, of the 

 best quality, and on the most moderate Terms. 



Manufacturers of every kind of Solid Iron and Tube 

 BEDSTEADS, with all the recent improvements. 



Eftt agricultural (Bmttt* 



SATURDAY, JUNE 7, 1851. 



MEETINGS FOR THE TWO FOLLOWING WEEKS. 



Widii isdat, June 1 1— Agricultural Society of England. 

 Thurrdai. — 12-Asrricuitural Imp. Soc. of IrclAnd. 

 Wednesday, — lS-Agricultural Society of England. 

 Thvusdat, — 19— Agricultural Imp. Soc. of Ireland. 



There is a particular stage of growth at which 

 I the strongest of the strong, and even the fairest of 

 the fair part of creation are said with truth to be 

 "at the awkward age." The simplicity and weak- 

 ness of childhood, and the vigour of maturity meet- 

 ing upon neutral ground, as it were, present that 

 singularly chaotic struggle in the frame, which, 

 confusing for a while the appropriate characteristics 

 of either state, produces that anti-symmetrical con- 

 dition and effect upon the eye of the beholder 

 that has been not inaptly described as ri all arms 

 and legs." 



The present condition of agricultural economics, 

 and of the agricultural literature therewith connected, 

 is not a little suggestive of this temporary state of 

 adolescence, ungraceful it may be to the eye of the 

 critic, but replete with signs of excellent promise of 

 development. It must always be the misfortune of 

 a class, not much given to literary pursuit, even 

 upon topics the most closely allied to its own inte- 

 rests, and not affording, therefore, much encourage- 

 ment even to its most able men to venture into print — 

 to realise in a great measure the foregone conclusions 

 of its own prejudice, and reading but little, to find 

 but little worth reading. That this has been pre- 

 cisely the condition of agriculture in our own remem- 

 brance there is scarcely one who will deny : that 

 agriculture is peculiar in this respect is probably not 

 true : that the art is rapidly growing out of this con- 

 dition, though not yet clear of it, has received some 

 striking evidences from the recent contributions of 

 the press. We have begun to think, to put our 

 thoughts into language, and our language into 

 speeches, pamphlets, reviews, and books : but what 

 we have yet scarcely begun to do is to put sufficient 

 faith in each others' intelligence or attainment, to 

 save the necessity of a fresh reiteration by each 

 writer of a string of .undisputed premisses before 

 each conclusion that he arrives at. We have learnt 

 to express, but not to suppress. 



The careful and able work of Mr. Dean* may 

 afford to submit to this preliminary qualification of 

 the praise with which we regard it. "There is 

 much in your book that is new," once remarked a 

 spiteful reviewer, " and much that is good ; but that 

 which is new is not good, and that which is good is 

 not new." We have seldom read a work which 

 suggests a happier converse of this cruel antithesis. 

 We would say of it, t convcrso, that if the author 

 had only ventured on a bolder ellipse, in his work, 

 of that which is not new, its excellence, as a work, 

 would have been more striking, and its utility not 

 impaired. There are some truths that instead of 

 beiug strengthened, suffer 

 renewed affirmation. 



Air. Dean s work is comprehensive in its character 

 and (subject only to the above stricture), is bold, 

 truthful, and original in its treatment. It consists 

 of 12 chapters, all upon useful and practical subjects, 

 to every class connected with the land-tenure, 

 fixtures, and dilapidations, valuation, drainage, 

 roads, farm buildings, timber, with some excellent 

 remarks on climate. The pages on dilapidations 

 have the virtue of an explicit tone rarely attempted 

 upon these vexatce question es of tenant-law, and are 

 followed by a tabular statement of the leading law 

 cases on fixtures, accurately compiled, and of great 

 importance. There is a passage in this chapter to 

 which, however, we must lake exception. Mr. 

 Dean claims amongst other sec jri ties required " a 

 power to compensate the tenant for improvement* 

 effected on estates, where the landlord has not power 

 to grant leases, or where his interest is so limited 

 that he should not be required to grant them. In 

 this case, power should be given to the tenant to 

 effect such improvements, either by buildings or 

 otherwise ; and should he at any time quit his hold- 

 ing, he should have a claim on the incoming tenant, 

 or against the estate.^ 



This reminds one a little of the advice of the 

 French Princess to the starving people, when they 

 could not get bread to content themselves with 

 pastry. The power to charge an estate with com- 

 pensation to a tenant for improvements, or to 

 devolve such a charge upon the next owner, is one 

 of the highest order, which no owner of less than 

 the fee simple can exercise, whilst the power to grant 

 leases, even of 21 years, is commonly possessed even 

 by life owners. The alternative suggested by Mr. 

 Dean broaches unconsciously the grind besetting 

 difficulty of the compensation clause, a far greater 

 than exists in the general extension of the power of 

 leasing, and the conferring of which on life owners, 

 viz., a general power to charge future interest, would 

 amount to a virtual abrogation of settlements, and 

 of the law of entail altogether. As to a running 

 charge upon the land, or the next occupant of the 

 farm by an outgoing tenant (between whom and a 

 new comer no possible contract of any sort can be 

 raised in law), the proposal, easy-sounding as it is, 

 treads upon a hot-bed of difficulties, far worse and 

 more impracticable than it seeks to cure. 



Writers upon agriculture have scarcely 

 conception of the enormous undercurrent of conflict 

 between our whole system of real property-law, with 

 the present demands of our advancing agriculture. 

 Current events are making them feel their way to 

 the subject. They will find presently what a life- 

 and-death struggle it is, and that the palliatives they 

 suggest may damp the flame of strife, like fresh 

 fuel, for an instant, but only to make it burn the 

 fiercer, and that very shortly. We shall renew our 

 notice of Mr. Dean's valuable accession to the 

 agricultural library. 



yet a 



some injustice from 

 The obvious duties of land- 

 owners to their tenants, and of tenants to their 



" . _ of 



geology 



soil in 



REPORT ON THE AGRICUTURAL SECTION 



OF THE GREAT EXHIBITION. 



No. V. — We come now to the Horse- hoes. Every farmer 

 has heard of Garrett's Patent Horse-hoe for work on 

 the flat, whether corn or roots, provided the plants be 

 in rows not less than seven inches apart ; but many have 

 not yet seen it, and many more have not begun to use 

 it. This is universally acknowledged to be one of the 

 most effective implements ever invented ; and its prin- 

 cipal advantage is the celerity with which it will perform 

 the work, as compared with hand-hoeing, so that when 

 the weather just suits, the farmer may accomplish the 

 operation, which otherwise must have been, in a great 

 measure, imperfectly done, in consequence of rains, &c. f 

 interfering with the slow progress of his men ; and the 

 cost with this implement amounts to no more than 6d. 

 per acre, as from 10 to 15 acres per day may be hoed 

 with one horse, a man, and a boy. The hoes are attached 

 to levers like those of a drill, each having an indepen- 

 dent vertical motion, and being set to any required 

 depth by regulating keys. There is a swing action for 

 guiding the hoes, according to the swerving of the drill- 

 rows. All the levers are raised at once by eccentrics 

 and chains ; and any one or more can be held up out 

 of work by means of springs. The cutting-hoes are 

 straight blades set diagonally to their work, and arranged 

 two in a row, as shown in the following plan : 



i 



land, and their labourers; the recognition 



having something to say in the choice of 

 farm, or an estate, the advantage of 

 drainage and of suitable tenures, and security for 

 the tenant's capital, are certainly facts, and rather 

 important facts too; but like those of the multi- 

 plication-table, or the preliminary page of axioms 

 in Euclid, they have become potential, and may be 





assumed 



writer who has so much to 

 attention, as the author of 



Land 



• " The Lend Steward." By G. A. D*aw, 



Architect and Engineer. Author of *'E«*av§ on 

 ings. Labourers' Cottacrei " Ac. 



Agricultural 

 Farm Build- 



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A bar, carrying harrow tines, is suspended behind 

 the hoes, which is of service for shaking out the weeds 

 from the cut soil. A box is attached for sowing Clover, 

 &c. ; the spouts are round, but flat and expanding at 

 the bottom, so as to spread the seed. The axle-tree of 



