34 



1831 J 



THE G A U D E NER S • CHRONICLE. 



5.S 1 



SRW OKK\XM'M> OF 18S0 



BROWNE List of NEW Gl INIUMS 



t«, a' reductd i r.o«i, i? now ready. Cupiat 



I > and otl*tr la 

 ««•» free bf post oo application. 

 i?i art f"* ""■»*»*• Establishment, Sort cat ^uflblk. 



H 



COin.MA "QUEEN OF DESM \KK/ 



MI 1j>W and Co. have pleasure in offering 



to* ir Oawtineotal Friends, an 1 the Pablic in general. 

 med fine new CAMELLIA. Tliey ar» of opinion 



often wrinkled and torn, an *>tueumett »mpta*ly daw ; I dih.it » f a iuriou Iriven cab ha* pasaed 

 inwwled with a iuinut mould, which perfects its through the body of a man ; the brains fa child ha\ 

 spores tn *?></. Wecanni refer this .an described . bee) scattered about the street by the wheels of an 

 species, but suppose that it may be a degenerated omnibus. Such cases as these may be rare, but 



of one of the cinereous group of the genus broken arms and le^-, from falls occasioned by com- 



1 1 



r° 



taat the wall known, and generally acknowled;- i, merit* of 

 Camtlli* 1 *bej have already introd d to the notice of j 

 Bjrt will be a sufficient guarantee for the excellence of tbe 



nriVred. 



Fine atont plants 



Extra strong do. 



Without discount. 



Oapton S pr—ry* Aggoat 23 . 



EARLY STRAWBERRY-" TROLLOP'S VICTORIA." 



AllES TROLLOP (who raised "Prim Alice 



• • t 



t • • 



42 

 63 



jttud" Strawberry, which gare general satisfaction to the 

 in 18ASJ, now with great confidence offers hi? seedling 

 • VlCT^RlA." and is certain that it combines qualities which 

 bo other kind in cultivation does possesi. Being very early, a 

 jiBBrf robu«t grower, and free bearer, throwing strong trusses 

 gl fruit (above the foliage), wtrch is of a large size, globular 

 form and go >d colour, with a delicious flavour. 

 Fhie well-rooted plants, on and after the 8th September, 



itfl, at *.'. per LOO. 



for particulars of prises and opinions, with full advertise- 

 ment' see Gardeners* Chronide, An*. 2d, 1851, and "Heck's 

 Floriit, Froi r, and Garden Miscellany," for August, 1851, or 



Midland Florist/' 



B. Full pariiculars may be bad free, per pos*, by applying 

 to G. D- Fiihes, -at Mr. Butler's Nursery, Wtdcombe, Bath. 

 Limpley Stoke, Aujr. 23. 



I 



Oir enxtitntvfi 9 Chronicle* 



SATURDA Y, AUGUST 23, 1851. 



ME: TINGS FHK THE ENSUING WEEK. 



ToiftDAT, Auk 26 -London Floricultural 1 p.m. 



Cotnsami Saow«.-Tue»dAj, Aug '■ : SoutjtfDevon BotamcRl nn.l Nor- 

 iltttrt *nd INndmrorth and Lozella Hon 

 « J Salwbury Dahlia. 



orticaltural. — Wednesday, 



The progressing season tells us that the Potato 

 disease is again making progress, and the cry of 

 alarm in I reland is as loud as if people there were 

 taken by surprise. There can be no doubt that in 

 mo*t paita of this country the symptoms of blight 

 bare manifested themselves in the leaves, and have 

 rapidly extended to the stem, just as they always 

 have done ; but there is much doubt whether the 

 Potatoes themselves are seriously affected. Such 

 early planted ones as we have examined are in a 

 very small degree damaged up to the present time, 

 and being almost ripe, will possibly resist the 

 affection. Unripe Potatoes may be expected to 

 suffer more. 



We advert to this matter once again, although 

 it has nearly lost its interest, for the sake 

 only of repeating the warning we have given 

 for the last six years, that there is no security 

 in a Potato crop, and that there never will be 

 again. It is clear, that the mildew has firmly 

 ♦tablished itself in our fields, whence no skill 

 tan drive it ; for if we could suppose that one 

 person were able to do so, his success, unless all his 

 neighbours had the same skill, could, from the nature 



Botrytis. 



In some instances the malady attacks the pod 

 onfy. without at all affecting the seeds which they 

 contain ; but, frequently, the portion of the integu 

 meat of the seeds which is in contact with the base 

 of the pustules (whether the surrounding tissue be 

 unaltered or not) is spotted and indented, and the 

 general growth impeded, while the cotyledons them- 1 1 

 selves continue tooe developed, one of them being 

 variously lobed and overlapping the other ; or, if a 

 perforation has taken place in the integuments, one 

 of the lobes of the margin projecting through the 

 aperture. Sometimes the substance of the cotyle- 

 don i- unaffected, but occ tonally a pustule similar 

 to those on the pods is observable beneath the dis- 

 coloured spot ; we have not seen these pustules 

 assume the second or scabby stage. Two other forms 

 of the disease occur, in one of which the pustules are 

 more defined at the isefrom the first, and are by no 

 means so transparent or vesicular in aspect, though 

 the ultimate appearance is the same, and another in 

 which the di ase is more & -ply stated, and neither 

 pustule nor scab is formed, but the tissue in the 

 centre of the patches — for they are no longer well 

 defined spots — becomes dark as that of the surface 

 of the scabs. The disease is probably not un- 

 common, but we have never seen it assume the 

 aggravated form presented by the plants before us, 

 in which the produce has been materially affected. 

 Many of the seeds which are not deformed by the 

 irregular indented spots, are covered with well 

 defined brown spots like those so common upon the 

 leaves of many plants, insomuch that the sample, 

 when mature, must be saleable only at a very infe- 

 rior price. In a few instances where the pustule 

 has been formed immediately on the placentiferous 

 suture, the whole pod bursts and the seeds are 

 greatly discoloured. 



pulsory contact with horses and carriages, are in- 

 numerable ; and let it not be supposed the victims 

 mre the only sufferers : thousands of timid people 

 have fled in terror from racing omnibuses and goaded 

 cows, and although their bodies may have escaped 

 scat! their minds have suffered a deep and 



lasting tnjui From a glazed garden all such perils 

 i thoughts of perils are absent. 



1 



We wonder it should not have occurred to 



Mr. Newman that the street dangers remain just 

 what they were, unless people are to visit his garden 

 in balloons. Few of those who have visited the 

 Crystal Palace will arrive at the conclusion that the 

 creation of a scene of great attraction diminishes 

 the danger of reaching it. 



Passing by, however, this and similar matters, the 

 question that really interests the public is whether 

 a garden can be established in the Ik l of hum n, 



id to that we shall confine ourselv< What Mr. 



Xiwman proposes is to construct a vast Wahd's case, 

 under which his garden is to be formed. In « ler 

 that we may do no injustice to his arguments, 

 must give a few of the most material parts of hi 

 proposition in his own words : 



" No one, not even nursemaids and children, can 



■ 



go out to enjoy air, which, in our crowded sir. 

 impregnated abundantly with particles of soot and 

 dust, and with the fumes of I \. gin, and tobacco, 

 is not to be enjoyed. The student, the clerk, die 

 schoolboy, the wife, the child, cannot seek the 1 1 <ets 

 as a temporary relaxation or change — cannot expect 

 to find in them even a momentary invigora i ; 

 whereas a glazed garden would supply the desider- 

 atum, oxygen. That pabulum of animal life is 

 abundantly exhaled by plants duri ; the day ; and, 

 not only would the invigorating effects be felt within. 

 but they would extend, though in a less d. ee, 

 all around. 



— €1 



a, diseased Long-pod Beans, from which the integument has 

 been removed, showing the one cotyledon wrapping over the 

 other, and variously lobed. b, a Bean on which two sorts of 

 spots are visible, one of whi h is ruptured, a lobe of the margin 

 of one of the cotyledons having forced its way through the 

 aperture, c, a minute mould, with pale brownish spores de- 

 veloped within the diseased cells. 



The coi umpfion of oxygen, and its 

 consequent abstraction from atmospheric air, is the 

 main cause of that oppressive. feeling which so con- 

 tinually causes fainting, sickness, and all kinds of 

 illness in omnibuses, theatres, and fashionable places 

 of worship. The glazing would serve to arrest the 

 escape of this life-giving principle, not prevent but 

 arrest it, and the invigorating effect of entering the 

 building would be at once manifest. 



" The great discomforts of out-of-doors life in 

 London arise from cold winds, rain, intense sun- 



of the evil, only be temporary, 

 the disease is, undoubtedly, much mitigated ; that is 

 to say, by better cultivation the Potato is more able 

 to resist mildew than it used to be ; and, possibly, 

 by still greater skill, its power of resistance may be 

 farther increased. But that is all which facts and 

 analogy justify us in admitting; and, we repeat, that 

 we are for ever saddled with this formidable foe. 



This has been pointed out so often, and the un- 

 certainty of the crop has been so fully demonstrated, 

 that we can no longer have sympathy with those who, 

 in defiance of all advice and all experience, still 

 continue to gamble in Potato growing. Their fate 

 in their own hands, and if they will commit 

 dkorticultural suicide, why, so they must. 



A singular disease in Beans has just come 

 under our notice, resembling very closely that dread- 

 ful scourge of the human race, the small-pox. Its 

 first appearance is that of papillary w T ell-defined 

 pustules, confined in its more normal form to the 

 pods, varying considerably in size, perfectly smooth, 

 and far brighter, and frequently darker, in colour 

 than the portion of plant on which they are deve- 

 loped. These pustules are beautifully transparent 

 and very juicy, and present in their structure nothing 

 to attract particular attention. There is no dis- 

 coloration of the tissues at first, and no appearance 

 of disease, except that of hypertrophy or excessive 

 development. After a time, however, partial dis- 

 coloration takes place, as in so many forms of vege- 

 table disease, and the walls of the cells become 

 ^mutely granulated and reddish brown. This ap- 

 pearance soon extends to the cells at the apex of 

 "• pustules, which at length burst through the 



f h ii Md P resent the form of a ro "gh black scab, 

 "*e cells of which are of a dark rich-coloured brown, 

 some inclining to carmine or purple, exactly as in a 

 «Ul disease which we described in the Number for 



*? V 1849 ' In mai| y of these ceUfl we have ob- 

 •erved bundles of acicular crystals, which we have 



J* detected in the healthy tissue ; all trace of 



cnu >rophyll ^ in general wanting, the walls are 



Many of the pustules have been examined in vain, 



with a view, if possible, to ascertain the presence 



The virulence of ! of larvae. This, however, was scarcely to be 



expected, as the appearances assumed by the 

 pustules are so various. There can be little doubt 

 that the disease is due to the marked alternation of 



eman has 



drought and wet to which the present season has 

 been subject, and a more highly manured soil than 

 is proper for the healthy growth of Bean crops. 

 M. J. B. 



Mr. Paxton's proposal to convert the Crystal 

 Pa ce into a Winter Garden has produced a rival 

 scheme. Mr. Newman suggests Smithfield as a 

 better site for the purpose than Hyde Park. In an 

 article in the " Phytologist," this gentlema 

 endeavoured to show that, while there are many 

 objections to Hyde Park, there is none to Smithfield ; 

 that the latter is more central, and therefore more 

 convenient ; that it offers no local difficulties what- 

 soever ; and that plants will grow just as well in 

 one place as the other. 



The disgrace to the City of London being now 

 doomed and irreprievable, its future destiny is a fair 

 subject of discussion ; and we are glad to see that 

 the first proposition is, to employ it for the comfort 

 and convenience of the citizens. It has been long 

 enough a nuisance a"nd abomination, and it would 

 be some satisfaction to see it made a place of 

 healthy resort. An area in the heart of London 

 for public recreation would be something ; especially 

 as the public would thus be guaranteed against the 

 creation of a second Smithfield, mttiato nomim 

 which is by no means an impossible contingency. 

 As matters stand, we know of no security against 

 the area bein 



Smithfield 





public healt 



shine, dust, soot, filthy smells, wet muddy ground, 

 incesaant noise, &c. Now one and all of these 

 disagreeables would be excluded from a glazed 

 irden ; cold winds, rain, dust, soot, smells, a^d 

 (, wouldof necessity be shut out. The roof of green 

 and corrugated glass would effectually obstruct all 

 disagreeable effects from the sun's rays, which, trans- 

 mitted through such a medium, would not injure 

 the most delicately-sensitive skin ; and such - t s, 

 unlike all other kinds, would diminish instc . I of 

 increasing the temperature. The walks, made entirely 

 of comminuted shell would be always dry. yet 

 never dusty— always fit for the thinnest sole to 

 traverse with impunity and cleanliness. 

 " The roads now passing through 

 might be made to divide the area into .six principal 

 compartments. These I would call Europe, Asia, 

 Africa, North America, South America, and Xeu 

 Holland. In each division I would endeavour to 

 place the vegetable productions which are natives of 

 the soil, and in all instances imitate as nearly as 

 possible the natural conditions of the plants them- 

 selves ; and each geographical district should be 

 further illustrated by stuffed specimens of the 

 quadrupeds, birds, and reptiles for which it is most 

 remarkable ; Asia, by its camels, elephants, and 

 tigers ; New Holland, by its cassowary, emu, and 

 kangaroos ; Africa, its giraffe, elephant, hippopo- 

 tamus, lion, ostrich, and crocodiles ; North America, 

 its bison, beaver, and alligators; South America, its 

 llama, alpaca, vicuna, and its humming-birds ; 

 Europe, its wolves, elks, and aurochs. The 

 specimens in all instances should be the best that 

 could be procured, regardless of cost, and should be 

 placed amid the scenery where they once enjoyed 

 life. The stuffing or preservation of animals is an 

 art that has now reached something like perfaotim f 

 and I would have no creature set up for exhibition 

 unless approved by some comnetent naturalist. 



competent 

 In the centre of each compartment should be a 

 model of the continent whose productions it exhibited, 



it a-certained mountains, its rivers, seas, &c, <fia 



applied to purposes just as hostile to 

 as that of gathering together the 

 brutes now about to be dislodged. 



That Mr. Newman, like other advocates, 6hotild..^^^. w ^ w ,- Mk4V/uul ^ 1UJ5j IW «***», ^«« ; vw., «_ 

 overstate his case, and disregard obvious difficulties played in their exact proportionate height, fcitutfioflj 

 of execution, will excite no surprise. For instance, course, length, &c. ; and the unknown' parts, as the 

 he insists upon the public safety which the creation interior of Africa, Australia, China, &c left 3 perfifct 

 of a garden where Smithfield now is would ensure, blank, ngt thickly sown with ipposititious cities, 



" It is but lately" he says, that n an infuriated ; as we too frequently see Ihem in our maps. Th e 

 bullock threw an elderly female into a two-pair tvin- j models should be constructed onjy un r the super- 



