MW 







fat as it came, were that , 



change. We may a 1 1 to the above particulars, that in 

 hi* fourth letter on the subject, published in the Ovnoa 

 {frucUeof the 13th, ProfoBor Cantu announces that a 

 solatiou of one part of lime in 2i) parts of water acts as 

 • preventive, though not as a cure, of the Grape blight, 

 flotations of potass and of ashes are also recommended 

 powerful preventives. M<>rning Herald, Aug* 20. 

 Murdoch's Improvements in Fnmning Animal and 

 Vegetable Substances, Patented Jan. 30, 1851.— rhe first 

 part of this invention consists of a method of preserving 

 animal and vegetable substances by exposing them to 

 *he action of a current of dry air of a slightly elevated 

 temperature, by which means the veritable preservation 

 of the substances operated on is effected in their normal 

 State. The apparatus employed consists of a fireplace, 

 ith horizontal tubes or channels for heating and drying 

 the air ; a chamber provided with shelves or ledges, on 

 "which the articles may be placed, or rods or bars from 

 ■which they may be suspended ; and a fan or other 

 mechanical contrivance, by which a current of heated 

 air is forced through the chamber to act on the sub- 

 stances contained in it. The temperature of the air, 

 and the continuance of the operation, vary necessarily 

 i* ith the state and nature of the articles to be treated ; 

 but a temperature of from 65 q to 85° Fahr., and a time 

 of from 24 to 48 hours, is recommended as suitable for 

 most articles — vegetables, such as Cabbages, Cauliflowers, 

 Spinach, Beet-root, Carrots, Potatoes, &c. Fish of all 

 kinds, poultry, game, and animal flesh, may be subjected 

 to the above-mentioned desiccating process, after 

 undergoing, in certain cases, preliminary cleansing and 

 other operations; and they may be subsequently treated 

 in any way that may appear suitable. The second part 

 of the invention consists of a method of composing a 

 saline solution, applicable to the preservation of animal 

 substances ; such solution being used alone, or pre- 

 liminary to the above described system of desiccation, 

 or in conjunction with any other process of preservation. 

 Thw solution is composed of 10£ oz. of chloride of 

 aluminum, 10£ oz. of chloride of sodium, and 3J oz. of 

 nitrate of potash, dissolved in 2 J wine pints of water, 

 and is applied by injection to the carcases of animals, 

 in quantities varying with the size of the animal operated 

 ou. The process of desiccation, first described, is recom- 

 mended as suitable for treating glue, made during the 

 summer months, in order to dry it for preservation. 

 Claims :— -1. The exposure of animal and vegetable 

 substances, in suitable chambers, to the action of a 

 forceil current of dry air, in order to dry such 

 stances for the purpose of preserving them, 

 independently of any preliminary or subsidiary 

 cesses or methods of ti tment. 2. The injection of 

 the carcases of animals with a saline liquid, for the 

 purpose of preserving them, whether such injection 

 be employed alone or in conjunction with the 

 desiccating process above described, or in any other 

 preliminary or subsidiary process that may be deemed 



•Hrf.. uo » Meclutmcs" Uagcmm. 



State to undergo a sudden by planting out season next year In cases where the 

 SMl * display of flower is not required to be earlier than 



August, a sufficient stock to produce the necessary 





sub- 

 and 

 pro- 



Advisable. 



Calendar of Operations. 



quantity of cuttings by next March is all that need be 

 preserved. The bedding kinds of Geraniums are so use- 

 ful, and there are so many beautiful varieties, that, to 

 winter all is becoming a serious matter ; and timely 

 preparation should be made whenever the demand is 

 great. A sowing of hardy annuals may now be made 

 in the reserve garden, and afterwards transplanted for 

 flowering early in the spring ; these will flower as soon 

 as the earlier plants raised in frames next year ; and as 

 frame room in spring is generally scarce, it is worth 

 while to economise it. 



FLORISTS' FLOWERS. 



The routine lately advised may be strictly adhered to. 

 Carnations and Picotee layers will require occasional 

 watering through a fine rose, in order that the soil may 

 not be displaced. Examine the pods, to ascertain whether 

 there are any symptoms of seed ; if not, cut the flower- 

 stalks down to the stool or crown of the plant Con- 

 tinue to plant out Pinks and Pansy cuttings, and mark 

 seedlings of the latter. Pansy seed may likewise be sown 

 now for early spring blooming. Make ready a bed for 

 offset Tulips ; this should be well done, for the amateur 

 should recollect that his maiden bulbs, reared on his 

 offset bed, are his corps de reserve, from whence his 

 main bed is strengthened. Great care should be made 

 in its preparation ; maiden decayed turf, leaf-mould, 

 and river sand, should enter largely in its com- 

 position ; we think that dung is injurious unless very 

 old indeed, and then it should be used with great care. 

 Dahlias, as we observed last week, are now engrossing 

 almost every care ; but we should not let present 

 beauties make us forget old favourites. The Auricula 

 and Polyanthus, for instance, will during the dry 

 weather of the latter part of this month and September 

 require careful watering, with all those little attentions, 

 as to keeping clear from weeds, decaying foliage, and 

 insects, which is so often inculcated, but too often 

 neglected. 



KITCFIEN GARDEN. 



Late crops of Turnip, Parsley, Spinach, &c, should 

 be thinned before the plants begin to intrude upon each 

 other. The earlier sowing of Cabbage Lettuce may be 

 planted en a border with an east or west aspect, reserv- 

 ing the most favourable situations on the south borders 

 for Endive and the later sowings of Cabbage Lettuce. 

 Two sowings more of the latter should be made at inter- 

 vals of ten days. A main sowing should be made 

 immediately of early Asiatic Cauliflowers, for planting 

 under the handlights, and preserving during winter in 

 frames ; and at the same time a little early York Cab- 

 bage should be sown for an early spring crop, and a 

 sowing of Red Dutch Cabbage for main crop next. 

 Transplant late sown Cabbages in rows, 8 inches asunder 

 every way ; of these, three-fourths will be drawn in a 

 young state, and used as Coleworts, and the remainder 

 will be left to produce heads. Endive, Lettuce, &c., 

 should be transplanted as soon as the plants are large 

 enough to be handled. 



(For the ensuina week.) 



PLANT DEPARTMENT. 



Stove plants which flower upon the young wood may 



with propriety be shifted now, as they will thereby be 



much invigorated ; and the blossoms also will give 



evidence of the advantage, by their superiority in size 



and colour. Those, on the contrary, which flower upon 



toe ripened wood, must be gradually encouraged to go to 



rest, as the clays decrease in light. We would not pot 



any plants when they are very near their flowering 



season. Pomsettias which do not flower until January 



we would encourage by repotting, and by supplying 



them freely with hquid manure, as the floral leaves 



will be double the size they would be if less liberally 



treated. We mention this as an instance of our meaning 



as it is impossible to enter fully into specific directi "~ 



^thm the limits of the Calendar. Amaryllids, in pots, 



as they show signs of ripening, should be gradually dried 



on. ihe Japan Lilies, now coming into flower/should 



W every encouragement by liberal waterings of clear 



5he ESS aml ^° rd a S** Shade whil * in bloom! 

 The Belladonna Ldies in front of the houses, and at the 

 foottf 8Unny walls> wiU be benefited hy soak ; ]gg of ™e 



XW™.! L 2 WER 0AUI ?EN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



<i£!SL u rT 11 is further *Wed, every « P . 



t^f^tS^ M neaHy M ma * Wwhetlfe/the 

 Xd^ willb * Orient to 



State of the Weather near London, for the week ending Aug. 28 1851 

 as observed at the Horticultural Garden, Chiswick. * 



August. 



v 

 u 



< 



Baromktbh. 



I 



Te.mpkhatukb 



Friday.. 

 Satur. .. 

 Sunday , 

 Holiday 



Tues. 

 Wed. 

 Thurs. 



• t 



• t 



22 

 23 



24 

 ■2b 

 25 



27 



23 



A vera are 



» 



27 



l 



2 



Of the Air. Of the Earth 





Max. 



30.012 

 29.^73 

 2WJ79 



30.100 

 30.104 



29.99:* 

 29-739 



Min. Max. 



29.93fi 

 29.849 

 29.781 

 30.044 



29.S87 

 29.889 



29.669 





29.966 I 29.86S [ 71.0 50.6 I 60.8 



deep. 



deep. 





63i 



61 



S.W. 



63 



61 



S.W. 



62 



61 | 



S.W. 



61 



61 



N.W. 



59 



60 



S.W. 



59* 



59 



S.W. 



59* 



58 

 60.1 



N.W. 



61.1 



.< 



.01 

 .18 

 .00 

 .11 

 132 

 .00 



1 62 



ions 



Aug. 22— Voy fine ; hot ; slightly clouded at night. 



— 23 -Cloudy; uniformly overcast ; cloudy and fine. 



"~ ?- 4 ™ ,ne ; heavy sho wers - with siinshiue at intervals : clear. 



— 2a— Clear; very fiue throughout. 



"" 26-Unitormly overcast 5 sli-ht rain: clear at nisrht. 



" d" v me ; , ver S a8t a , nd fine ! constant and very heavy rain at nieht 



— 28-Fine; cloudy; clear at night. g 



Mean temperatur e of the week, 1.5th de g. below the average. 



State of the Weather at Chiwick, during the last 25 years, for the 



ensuing week, ending S.pi. 6, 1851. 



recent winds passing thro^TTT^ 

 frequently raised our vVc e a4L^ V 1 *- W t r* 

 tion that we fear you have not I th1 ! w ^ of li? 1 

 marks. We trust it may no? -»' Carefu *7 pJLfT 

 W. AT—THE Love-bird &£ V 0w - * CS 

 Nothing can save him >¥r"° Ur "Pe^ifcz** 

 ceased to live. I Q courtesv h? read «* h?Z 

 note. W. 2T.-PABTE1DGES p y aE h '7 ever ' *• i£/ 

 are pleased to hear that the re^V*> * c ' 'rA 

 sidered so good ; still, we rJSeK^ h *W 

 the warm milk and water to the eves y ° T ? J? W 

 virus, and induce healthy symptom. I' U m &22Z 

 being so extensive, these precffi„. Bencrtl, y- TeTO 

 W. J8T.--Skt.laek: Elil^T*^*W£ 

 present limited experience, attemnt tA^ U8t not » *i* ^ 

 from the nest. By all mean, p l n Z '******£. 

 clean moulted. With these you wTh *° Un * "bSSS 

 will do wisely to purchase jJ™lnk? M ^*3ftl 

 birds of song, at Mr. Clifpobd ? s 94 ft M TQ lndi ^£ 

 Holborn. At the same time, provideVon^^?* 1 ^ 

 German paste, which Mr. C. mate fin » f ^uS 

 Larks fed onthis food, continue in song nearft 

 in the year. Your present food is bad n J ? lrtt -^ 

 the Sky-lark" will appear in a few wib.° ar Tp *SZ 

 considerable interest. Read it by all meanV^l 

 pool Bird Fancier can only obtain Mr tt;Xji Kt "^ 



W. 



Jan only obtain Mr. KiddW, T j 

 the number, in which they have apKaid!* *§** 



you wttu^ 



Canada tlm^ 

 plenty of United *— M * 



to 



di P fefvii 



August 

 and Sept. 



Prevailing Winds. 



2£."J±"* he "!« *"« ™S ™ M , prop a. 



propagating. If his 



Sunday 31 



Mon. 1 



Tues. 2 



Wed. 3 



Thuri. 4 



Friday 5 



Satur. 6 



The highest temperature during the ahnv* npri^T~Ii„ — T 

 « «-th«m. 85 4... ; and t h, iUZ nZXT^Tim- 



aftord to give such things away. 



Electrometers : F. You can procure what 

 philosophical instrument makers. 



Emigration : C L. You had better go to 

 United States. We prefer Toronto to Ne»?l? 

 capital is small. There are plenty of United IZ * . — 

 tural Journals ; which is best will depend n^tS 11 

 settle. You will readily learn when V ou .2 ?Z^* 

 books, take Loudon's "Encvclopsedia" l!Sft i 1 * 

 "Theory.- We would not advise you "^ 



your pocket than this. 



Ferns : J D. Seeds of Ferns are often obtained fro* $«. 

 Zealand and other countries, and, if carefully soink? 

 time young Ferns spring up ; but they rarely turn mJt 

 the kinds that were sown. Yours is a ca<e in DukT2 

 amongfct the eight specimens aent us only one hVt» j. 

 native of New Zealand. No. 8 is a native of North il! 

 rica, and the others consist of two common British n2 

 Nos. 1 and 2 are Asplenium Filix-fcemina; Nos.3 LiZ 

 Lastrea dilatata ; No. 7 is Goniopteris pennigera'- wdki 

 is Polystichum acrostichoides. We should have been lUil 

 have found them to be tree Ferns of New Zealand, «■ 

 never have heard that any have been raised from mk 

 There is no complete systematic work describing the imm 

 of Ferns. When Sir W. Hooker's "Species Filkw-fc 

 completed, it will be what you require. Parti, of theiegtf 

 volume has lately been published. S. 



Gooseberries : G S. The Red Champagne is the MaiekMt 

 Red of some ; by others the Red Warrington is calbifc 

 Manchester Red. The Red Champagne is remarkiUihr 

 its decidedly upright mode of growth ; that of the Red f » 

 rington, on the contrary, is very peudulous.y 



Holly : J WH. All plants may be propagated bj cuubp,te 

 Hollies are more advantageously raised from seed;*,! 

 the case of variegated kinds, from grafts. 



Insects : 5 and N, Bagshot. The insects on the Azalearw^ 

 imported from China, are not a species of thrips ; thej ■• 

 the small spiny pupae of a species of Tingis or heldbt: 

 hitherto unknown in this country. If you can bad tq 

 active and winged specimens on the Azalea, we stall i 

 much obliged to you for them. W.—HS E D.Xwstm 

 leaves are infested with the slimy larva? or grubi efts 

 Selandria sethiops,|a species of saw-fly. Dusting with powdeK 

 lime will destroy them. JF.— A Subscriber. The moth tmi 

 among your Strawberries is the common burnished km 

 moth (Plusia chry sites). The caterpillar is a rery geaoi 



feeder Vf^\ 



Magnolias : E B E. Prune it in April; the flowers mm « 

 the end of young laterals, and tho effect of epriuj prc^r 

 will be to cause the production of laterals. Certainij, m 

 your Peach now; it is rather late, but not t>o late. If* 

 buds take, jou will do better than by removing the old tm 



Names of Plants: R D. 1. Lomaria spicant, Dm,; l* 

 plenium Adiantum-nigrum ; 3. Asplenium Ruta.murar 

 4. Parietaria officinalis, 8. —'Felix. Lomaria laoc^ 

 Spreng., a native of Van Diemen's Land and New Ze 

 —J. Stollard. Phalaris canarien*is.— D B. Rhus 0l» 

 Venetian Sumach, or Arbre a perruque.— P. Ja ™~ 

 gracile, an l tender.- E J W. (Enanthe crccata, «dip 

 rently Hieracium sylvaticum.— if Bengy. Somtformof 

 album.— W T Keith. No. 2, Corydalis lutea; all the mi 

 miserable Cryptogamic plants, with which we cannot Q*m 

 time. The only one in fructification is No. 3, whicauW" 

 hispida.—ifttrftaw. Brodiaea grandiflora does notgrowij 

 a foot high. You are too late in your suggestion ;mj; 

 dule was settled last week.-tf W Stone. WreMhedaj"^ 

 4, Juncus bufonius; 5, some Marchantia; 6, Thjo»^ 

 pyllum ; 2, Spergula arvensi-. We caunot consuffl ume» 

 Cryptogamic plants, having no relation to ^tSS^ 

 Oxalis tioribunda ?~iV WG. Hypoxia fiUo»a.-Aftw«p- 

 stand over for further consideration. rhmi* 



Paint: FS W. It is a most excellent material. "** ^ 

 reason why a saw should be used instead of a u ui , 

 that it is not likely to slip.— ^4 BCD. *u*™X£m 

 your purpose. Scrape off the present plaistcr ana ■ 

 Roman cement of fine quality. When that uorjJ* 



know that 



n Jk. 



regard yottrW 

 ( general 



flock ot 49 turkeys" cannot Wf^f^M* 



cu 



the 1st, 

 •therm. 



paper over it. 



Rats: WBP. It gives us real pleasure -to 

 recipe for the destruction of these pestilen w 

 been so triumphantly successful ; both as W^X w 

 your pheasants, and also your poultry &™ fat 

 goodly •« flock of 49 turkeys" cannot r«°ice 1* 

 struction of the enemy than do we ; and uiia<r 

 stances, your -thanks" are truly welcome ^^U 



Uhodothamnu8 Kamtchaticds : J W u._ lu ,^„.., nn iFlif« r 



O 



£f if v rv b ^ f T; es > which lasts severa ! 8ea - ns 



Tl,ere is Jo S' . "5 a fP earance »«»« untidy. 



coveHn^ t!ntTt,l glaSS br ° ken in C0Verin S and un- 

 wi °'i • ^° n counts to the cost of a small 

 boiler and pipes, which u-m,n i. ; a small 



covering of anvil ? ,d enabIe us to do without 



SZSZZ2S& and thus b « the means of keeping 



less cost ; for if we 



our plants through the winter at 



take into account the expense of 



mats, the time occupied 



iu putting them on and takii^ t h em Tff . ' i i ^ 

 break,it will be seen that the be !™?5 ■. f i*S ^ the 



Notices to Correspondents. 



seldom, if ever, recover W« r!l j 0in whlch th ey 



we can point out wi 



You say " it sings 



and that it -hath ihat^i^'wWK "^.L^ ." *"&**. 



you desire to know about this plant, in , * tlen sfi 

 Garden," Plate 22. No doubt it will dourish at ^ ^ 

 ot about 1000 feet above the level of the Bea 

 England. It is very hai dy. t Muscle. Wj!! 



StocIs : W X. Apricots are budded on the M^ ft* 

 and Nectarines on the Muscle ana i 't mildeW j 

 worked on the latter they are not so suojec ^p 



Strawberries : D C M. The Alpme will po»^W 



«xt»k,u win oe seen that the better nlan ; ao i Mi 7 ' 

 one.. For beds to flower ear, y SfSSS^ttK 



ey 



r 



question that the old plants of Geranium, ♦ \ 



summer, there is no 



and 



allowed them, the 7 will be nice busn/pE 



Htitle usefor ycu to t^wSTS^ £?!£-*» °- f ver J 

 *""* ** "lion. From you 



uredly a hen • and not any tTeliiminVtCt 



- -« x, .-nam iha^U^whthSsethlh' XW " 



seed 



him loa^u^A ^^^Zt^t^^ W5 

 hne songster to a premature "„5 ra & \?" m * m ™* a 



nim, as a rule, 



premature end. Give 



room is 



s in flower I 



Canary and Flax only. W K t«^ t 



Another instance of the folly fkTem n . ^1*LL A ™ T ' 

 caws I Your hirH'a \ n ™*°[ ke ^P lD g «ong birds in ooen 



cages! Your bird's lunini are VffiotJk ■ * Q * in c 

 his having been hun* ou&e The Sn^w. ?JT n TJ™ 



open 

 e of 





Thea^: JWH. This genus, like many »&**>J m , »■{ 



to different parts of the L iQnea ^™ er Uepla^ 

 possible to say where it can most prope ^ iofl0 f fj^ 

 why think of this obsolete Linnean clas«n ^ ^^ 

 Aucuba has small brown fl;wers, proaucc 

 The male only is in this country. rigbUy Ifl ^3 



Yinetards: WH Wheeler. No doubt you are * % w 

 In vineyards the Vines are cut back eve j 



near the ground. — 



SEEDLING FLOWERS- thaflki8 4ir* 



Gloxinias : Q O. Handsome ; bat not mo" » , 

 sessing the same colours already in cult be»«J5 



Picotees : J O. Your liower, we fear, mi •* jjjj 

 with florists. It is too serrated in tne e *^ cltn ti « 

 is not laid on solidly enough, or connu* 



margin of the petals.* , . . rtnr# , rs of tf**u,ii4 



.».«„*.- . /i/ ah finJr veined flowe rs, "^ ; W'j* 



e^ateit' favourite, on aC 



Pitonias: OH. All finely veined 

 and shape. 1 is the best, all things^ 



count 



. . „-™^ Wl possibly be the grc»«.«-— — - -„ I# .s- a tinif. 



window, and exposed to the ' colour. The otheri are worth cuiuv» o 





