

■) 



THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE 



rerygooti 



Kape need a caution. Oe <jc // 

 ^ 9 own Farm. — Extent : 465 acre- 

 clay marl, under-drained and manured : 



k persons who have never 



My 



Crop*. 



Acres. 



Estimate 1 Produce. 



Wheat 



Oati 



Beans 

 Wbite Peas 



104 



77 

 34 

 26 



I 



52 acres, 40 to 50 bushels per 



i *ere. . * , ■« 



( 52 ;*cre«, 25 to 36 bushels do. 



«0 bushels per acre. 



■24 to M bushel? per acre. 



JO to 36 bushels per acre. 





Red Clover J I 44 acres very good 



-Oher seeds 37 J ' 



fallow, Rye, Vetches,) . 



and the roots after >| N |Looking well. 



them 



All ex pt the price quite satisfactory. I trouble you 

 -with this note and sample of the 52 acres of this sort 

 of winter-sown Wheat on the land longest in hand, on 

 which Wheat is grown every other year. F. E. Williams. 

 The Labourer.— in your Paper of the 9th inst., I 

 noticed an article on the Improvement of the Condition 

 of the Agricultural Labourer. This subject has long 

 since been forced upon my mind, by witnessing the state 

 of the peasant in France and the Duchy of Baden, 

 Switzerland, &c. In those countries a certain quantity 

 of land is attached to each cottage, sufficient to afford 

 sustenance for the family, there being very little demand 

 for labour. The effect of most families having a property 

 at stake, is to render them above committing petty thefts, 

 as they do in this country. Fruit remains by the road- 

 side untouched, and grain threshed out is left for weeks 

 in the open field without any fear of pillage. The rapid 

 improvements and Inventions for lessening the employ- 

 ment of labourers, which are daily progressing, must, at 

 no very distant time, force the system above alluded to 

 upon us ; and it is much to be desired that noblemen 

 and gentlemen of large estates should commence a plan 

 of rewarding their cottager tenants, according to their 

 degrees of merit, for faithful services as farm labourers. 

 The plan I suggest would be to have three different 

 classes of cottages, with land attached to each ; the first 

 ■class should have 3 acres, the second class 2 acres, and 

 the third class 1 acre, to be divided and cultivated on 

 the Swiss plan. These cottages should be let at a farm 

 rent, to those labourers on each farm who may be 

 recommended by the occupier thereof. I entirely a*ree 

 with you on the second part of this article, viz., that°the 

 first and grand step towards raising the condition and 

 value of the farming servant, is the plan Mr. Batson has 

 adopted ; and the necessity for bringing up the rising 

 gen ration of labourers on a system commensurate with 

 the advance of steam power, as applied to farming 

 purposes, and the expensive implements they will have 

 to manage, must be evident to every one who gives the 

 subject a thought If, on selfish principles, these plans 

 recommend themselves, how much more ought they not 



in a moral point of view ? The farm labourer 

 remains now the same ignorant, brutal, thieving, Sabbath 

 breaking ruffian lie was -10 years ago [This is a des- 

 perate character. Of what district or county is it true f 1 

 but there are obvious reasons why he should not be 

 continued ui this state. /. P. 



Farming on the Continent.- -Will you, Mr. Editor, or 

 any of your correspondents, be kind enough to give me 

 your or their advice under the following circumstances" 

 I have two farms-one is heavy land, the other loamv 

 jrorth from 20,. to 30*. rentf if they we* ?B0 m£ 

 from London Oats here are U. 3d. per bushel, B Tr£ 



U Del and Wheat 4,. My difficulty is the same as 

 most imnm m E hm]y hQw tQ ^ m J*™£ 



least expense, only greatly aggravated - other corn 

 being here worth so little. YoS will say, grow wSst 



Good but then meat is only W per lb and £ 

 breed is so bad, that they will it lay ^ei^^y 

 at these prices. Cows pay better/milk bei™ 4d ?J 

 gallon ; but even they give very little mill &£ P * 



coldlr and Wr I™™ % 'f'T' and the winter 

 beaw it well 1 * " '" Dgland ; but the Whe »t 

 fallow \X L Whea? ^.f 00 * ^ *«* are t0 ° late * 

 iiere! With^Pf^l V'^ 1 ' ^ans or Tares do 

 years. What think v™? ?« y manure once in 

 (manured), Wheat, BeaJor" C fallow ' Wheat, Tares 

 you my address in ™L Ver ' Wheat *-I send 



to favour J wUh a T. S *"*?»* ™Y wish 

 -columns, Q. 



to do 



The following new members were elected . 



Hamilton, Capt. Arch. Rowan, Killyleagh Castle, Co. Down. 



Culliford, William, South Hajling, ffavant, Hampshire. 



William*, Michael, Trevinca, Truro, Cornwall. 



Coombs, Thomas, jun., Dorchester, Dorsetshire. 



Moysey, Henry G., Batheaston Court, Wiveliscome, Somers. 



Willacy, Richard, Penwortham Priory, Preston, Lancashire. 



Leonard, Mark 3, Tn lia-buildincs, Fenwick-st , Liverpool. 



Call, William Berkeley, Whitfield House, Callington, Corn. 



Groves, Captain J. R., Governor of the Milbank Prison. 



Harrison, John Th^rnhill, Frocester Court, Gloucester. 



Akers, Richard, Bourton-on-the-Hill, Moreton, Gloucester. 



Bell, William Edward, Gorleston, Suffolk. 



Devincenzi, Giuseppe, 50, Upper Berkeley-street, Portman-sq. 



Chan'er, T. B., Bideford, Devonshire 



Tweedy. William Mansel, Truro, Cornwall. 



Tilsley, Edwin, Moreton-in-Marsh, Gloucestershire. 



Champion, William, Calcot, Reading, Berks. 



Smith, Abel, jun., Woodhall Park, Ware, Herts. 



Durham, Makin, Thorn, Yorkshire. 



East, Sir Gilbert, Bart., Hall-place, Maidenhead, Berks. 



Pardoe, Henry, the Yew Tree. Ombersley, Worcestershire. 



Hargraves, George, Penbedw Hall, Mold, Flintshire. 



Moore, George, 68, Oxford-terrace, Hyde Park. 



Foster, John P., Bo' ton House, Seven-Sisters'-road, Holloway. 



Bortier, J. P., Lapanne, Furnes, Belgium. 



Vaux of Harroden, Lord. Highams, near Bagabot. 



Wilson, Joseph Henry, Gillets, Henley-on-Thames. 



Coote, Eyre (11th Hussars), West Park, Fordinghrid^e, Hants. 



Finances. — Mr. Raymond Barker, as Chairman of 

 the Finance Committee, then laid before the Council the 

 Report on the accounts of the Society to the end of the 

 previous month ; from which it appeared that the cur- 

 rent cash balance in the hands of the bankers in London 

 and in Windsor, to meet the payments on account of the 

 Windsor meeting, amounted to 4664Z. The Council 

 confirmed this report, and adopted the recommendation 

 of the committee that the sum of 1010/. should be in- 

 vested in the public funds, in the name of the Trustees 

 of the Society. The Chairman then laid before the 

 Council the usual quarterly statements, showing the 

 financial state of the Society under different heads of 

 income and expenditure, and of assets and liabilities. 



Fat Cattle.— The Duke of Richmond transmitted 

 to the Council an official letter addressed to him on the 

 1 6th of July last, by the Earl of Hardwicke, one of the 

 Vice-Presidents of the Society, and an exhibitor of 

 Short-horns of the Wimpole variety of breed at the 

 Windsor Meeting, of which the following is the substance : 



M 1 regret that I am not ab'e fivm domestic circumstances to 

 be present at the Show at Windsor. I am informed by com- 

 petent persons that the class which six in-calf heifers of 

 irine are shown in, namely No. 4, the animals that have won 

 prizes are fat animals. I am informed that they have been 

 regularly put up and fatted on various kinds of food, and 

 are now shown as competing stock. I have always under, 

 stood, and have myself conformed to the rule, that this show 

 was expressly for lean and breeding stock. Had I been aware 

 that it was allowed to show fat stock with a prospect of 

 success, I should certainly have abstained from sending six 

 heifers to the know. I wiite this letter now, in order that 

 the attention of i our Grace and tha Council may be called 

 on the spot to this statement, for the purpose of verifying or 



Srt5£IV Dg r h ?u l n ° W St , ate ; 9P ' if true » ic wiU for<n i fit 

 subject for further proceedings." 



One of the earliest objects of the Royal Agricultural 

 Society of England having been to encourage improve- 

 ments in the quality of the breed of live-stock for agri- 

 cultural purposes, the Council have constantly had 

 under their consideration the best means of promoting 

 this desirable object, in contradistinction to the express 

 object of the Smithfield Club, which is stated to be- 

 lie supply of the cattle markets of Smithfield and 



the character of their Judg 



fi 



m«= uuarzuuer or their ■ mu n oT — ——J" 1 — 



-ill the, be able U>M&%*°fipS^ 

 abuses alleged to take place In tea / e,,r **«Mi_ 

 They also hope that the time is l£°?™**E 

 judgments given in .be ShowY.rth," di "»Vt 

 will be founded on well.defin J * in the ttt.„M-' 

 having reference, in each ^"a a V ackn °*K "'- -, 

 of excellence ; and that the^iud^!^ 6 "'•C'^S 

 less dist.net and constant data th^T- ?• a ,h <m?b fe2S?« 

 may gradually appro*'- -° a , athan '0 thee*,...?? *?»•.■ 



consistent results, that may wlvT hi! ^l^ t0 nnuW 

 ment Yard, satisfactory a "the tlL « e ^ » ftTlLS 

 and competing exhibitors ; and rtm. IT^ *o thj » 

 points of form, development and L," d to «t*h2fcj^ 

 perfection of breed in the different oi» J "Men ~ *■• 

 for agricultural purposes." Classe8of anim»: 



In order, too, that no false estimate «• u. , 

 the Judges in distinguishing bSSS^W^^h 

 of omentum ,vi.;„i. „„„..w s . . " e ? n th, >se develop' 



«i 



genial tone and finely-bred ana\U\L 1* fi 

 that m P r« fatnoc. „,u;iu :. . . pities of an an! 



nioaL 

 the Council included in each Tt IhTSl^) 

 ment to the Judges for the Wind!" » W 



W i; 



following notification 



Meeting 



h 



M In order to aid the Judges in earning a«* iV 

 Council in reference ttfthe heahhTcLdi io^^-k 

 as breeding stock, and to their soundnes and &* 

 infectious or contagious disease the r,™n,« v "*• 

 Professor Simonds, the Veterinary i„ C ,S ^l!^ 

 to act as Referee to the Judges at Z whfS! ° f „ lhe ^*S 



Th, Council have already 'iS^St!^ C 

 Simonds some interesting information connect^ 

 his general inspection of the animals in the Shn» 

 and his particular examination given of those p<L „ 

 which his attention was specially drawn by *£?,£ 

 Judges as availed themselves of his professional opi £ 

 which they have reserved for consideration at /S 

 meeting. ™ 



Mr Fisher Hobbs gave notice of his intention too* 

 the following resolution at the Special Council in T 

 cember, when the prizes for Live Stock at the 



v* 



Country Meeting shall, agreeably with the bye-hiS 

 taken into consideration :— ' ■>« 



" That in future, before the Judges sign their awirdi r*. 

 fessor Simonds shall be directed to make an accurate ' 



other places with the cheapest and best meat ;" the 

 animals exhibited at the Christmas shows of the Club 

 not being required to be either of pure breed or qualified 

 by circumstance for the reproduction of their species 

 or to be restricted iu their mode of feeding. The bl- 

 owing instructions have accordingly been constantly 

 included prominently among those g gfven to Z tS 



mee£s ^ ^ A « ricultural sSriety at its coungy 



tion and investigation of the animals to which the JoJm 

 intend to give the Prizes of the Society." ^ 



Imperfect Animals.— Mr. Matthew Smith, of L» 

 brow, near Hexham, having addressed a letter to M 

 Simonds, as the Veterinary-Inspector of the Soriitr, 

 inquiring whether he had certified that one of the bub 

 to which a prize had been awarded at the Winds:: 

 Meeting, and which had an imperfection as a breedi^ 

 animal, could be considered a safe stock-getter : tb 

 letter was laid before the Council. Prof.. Simonds sttri 

 that he had inspected the bull referred to, and remarked 

 the circumstance to which Mr. Smith made allusio, 

 but not having been called in as referee by the Juc 

 that division, he had not been required to give any pro. 

 fessional opinion. At the same time, he might remui 

 that nature had with wise foresight endowed animals iii 

 duplicates of some of the most important organs of th 

 body, as, for instance, in the case of the eye and the or. 



SIX 



' will be instructed not to take inte ??&?? ™ *"**"*?*• 

 purpose of breeding. * relative merits for the 



into their cons' deTS » ° tak ' aCtm * and 8treD K th 



made totiSc^ -TO ?° WeVer » been continued to be 

 made to the Council that some of the animals to which 



the Society's pmes have been from time to time awarded 

 have been rather « dressed up " as fat stnH- ;. I 

 suits of high feeding, than e'xhib ted in tL e natural 

 iSr?liW -1 -nd conS "S 



it 



line, instead of through your 



&q titties 



ought to distinguish animals intended to ZZ ♦ • ° h 



judges the responStf L f ™* e ' P«B8ed upon the 



award* nf +11^ K^ Ul " v 0l this distinction in their Jf rize assays. — Mr. rusty, i*x.j. ., x^T'lkm roa»* 



^^^^&T^ /»?eir report to X Journal Committee, having addressed to ^ 



the S,kw F e X l ™£J he ? refe ^d still more strong t„ sufmestions on the subject of prizes to be onerj 



tt, ivir. Bram- 

 Mr. Fisher 



ston ^ 



fe, 1 ™). ««*— sas: t s t7i, M i s, E 



Apar Robartes, Esq M P „ f T 



Imin, Cornwall and V, ^ °/ Un ' 

 electfrf » r„' orc hester-ter- 



eiected a Governor of the Society. 



•Smith (Exmoor). 



*"ce,H,de Park, was 



1 



the subj^t in iiaraj SSLr m ° re 8ton 8 J y to 



the Country Meeting ; bSThS ' ItSl f ? /i C K Ct . tbe Jud » es ^r 

 all plaos hitherto adop ed"or their aLoflt lm P^ rffc ^on of 

 duly appreciate the great lmwtIx^f Utm ^ nU Th ^ Council 

 adjudication of the Socie™. 1 ^ ZT^J^J Ict ^H mpa rrial 

 rested in themselves, but fullyqualifip,^ **>?? 0uly disint e- 

 •xperleoce fur the arduous ta 8 rconfid^V he ! r »W»tie« and 

 Council will esteem it a favour if tl he mplh° the . m ; and the 

 at lar^re will from time to time trantiE?? I' ° f the Societ y 

 tions that may tend to pr w iT t0 th J™ any sug^ 



which the Society, by its premh im^t?' 1 " 011 f ° r «cellence 



pan of their duty, to ascertain nnS U t0 the J «clires. as 



Stall the dafWariogc fVe .&'' t0 the ^^.I'an' 

 m»rket condition of th« oe.i" 6 .? 11 e . e P» or any eicess in thi 



he considered, that although the circumstance in eT( 

 snch case ought to be well examined, the particular bill 

 to which the prize had been awarded at Windsor *|8 

 not essentially deficient for the purposes required. 



Cart-Stallions. — Mr. F. Leyhorne Popham, « 

 Littlecote, near Hungerford, Berkshire, having received 

 by mistake from the office of the Society a form d 

 Certificate for « Agricultural Stallions of any age," 

 instead of the one he required for "Agricultui* 

 Stallions of two-years-old," he had not perceived m 

 mistake when filling up that certificate for a two-yea* 

 old pure cart stallion he intended to exhibit at m 

 Windsor Meeting ; nor was the circumstance no: 

 under the subsequent stages of the arrangements in 

 show-yard, until the Judges had completed their awL_ 

 and « highly commended " Mr. Popr-™ ,Q "^-"i<** 

 petition with horses of "any age 



jested to the Council that tne .«■« 

 05 * - • Jtered in * 



case 01 stainons 01 any age uy me auumvu ot t ne 



"over two years old."— On the motion of birKoj^ 

 Price, the Council directed that the question of mm 

 the class of stallions of any age, as proposed w** 

 Popham, should be referred to the Special Uune* 

 December, when the prize-list of next year would 1 c*£ 

 under consideration ; but that the following annwj 

 should in the meantime be placed under the anno ^ j 

 ment of commendations at the Windsor M eet,D J^ 

 published, as usual, in the next part of tne ^ 

 namely, " In consequence of a mistake mT f s ^^'n 

 certificate, this horse was placed in class 1 mste ^ 

 class 2 ; and thus was precluded from compel 

 the horses of his own age." , . _ n { fti 



» Mr. Popta" 

 therefore suggested to the Council that the neaffll 

 of the form of certificate should be a 



- -e i • • 



ing 



•bed* 

 be^ 1 



next year's essays, the council tooK ^ 

 their consideration, and agreed to the folio ..- . ^^ 

 of prizes, the essays competing for which ar^ ^ 

 to the secretary on or before March 1$ l *°" 



respectively 



" PRIZES PORM8ATS: gj ^ 



50 



m»rket condition of the Bi^mef. itK.' ° r -" v OTOeM ln *»' 

 character as breeding stock. Thl, ,Bco ??"*«nt with thei 



Tfaey couBider that the high 



r 

 er 





On the Farming of Cumber- 

 land ^50 



On the Farming of Here- 

 fordshire 



On Diseases and Defects 

 of the Horse and the Ox, 

 either k iowa to be or 

 likely to become Here- 

 ditary (those of the 

 Sheep and the Pig being 

 reserved for considera- 

 tion in a future year) 



On the^»»— - rt00t 

 On Management 



wood •'* P aent & 



ver seed*, *<-» rlATl r 



Clover seed*, 



. . • 



30 



On any other W nC * 

 subject 



irsl 



..< 



;) 



*■• 



i* 







