39—1851.] 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



615 



xto£inAMm when he was stabbed at Portsmouth, and 

 ^ effected at tlie event that he retired into private 

 rfr giid devoted his attention to planting orchards, of 

 •hich the Ked-Streak formed the principal variety. In 

 1SJ4 he was sent as ambassador to France, in which 

 ^parity be continued for four years. He was a zealous 

 rgT fKfi during the civil wars, and was taken prisoner 

 ^ the parliament party, while his property was destroyed, 

 J yj his estate sequestered. He died in 1671." 



FLORICULTURE. 



fi&orGH Dahlia Show. — If there be one locality more 



- rit-iikural than another, it is Slough, Permit me to 

 fact attention to the forthcoming meeting, which will, 

 *8 usual, be wider the guidance of Mr. Bragg. 1 have 

 oa)v to refer to the announcement of the meeting in our 

 advertising columns of to-day, to insure a numerous 

 ftfhering. Flowers ready at 11 o'clock. Dinner at 

 jjlf-pts: 2. /. E. 



Hollyuo< s. — I have been solicited to give the names 

 «fthe 12 spikes of Hollyhocks which obtained the 1st 



ze at the late Shacklewell Show. Notes were made of 

 tfceui at the time, but the length of the report, even 

 condensed as it was, precluded us from giving much that 

 both interesting and valuable. The varieties in 



class. 



interesting and valuable, 

 question were as follows : — Rembrandt, Safranot, Enter- 

 ■rifle, Dido, Dazzle, Lady of the Lake, Queen of Scots, 

 Picta, Brilliant (seedlings of the exhibitor, Mr. Parsons), 

 Model of Perfection, Enchantress (Chater), aud Rosea 

 gpuidinora (Baron). I would here observe, that the 

 mx spikes exhibited by Mr. Parsons, at the last meeting 

 in Regent-street, even surpassed that grower's former 

 productions ; they were, indeed, superb. /. E. 



&>0rietfau 



Bath Royal United Horticcltcral, Sept. 11.— At the fifth 

 ihow of the season, which was held on this occasion, there 

 wm, in a Union to other things, a good display of florists' 

 Qowen. Miss Bayly obtained a 1st prize for the best collec- 

 tion of 6 Fuchsias, which consisted of Unique, Don Giovanui, 

 Favourite, Delicata, Carolina, aud Penelope ; the 2d prize was 

 awarded to Mr. Wheeler, for Fouutain, Ro«a Quintal, Ad- 

 nirable, Orion, Julia Grisi, and Sir John Fa) staff". Scarlet 

 Geraniums, collections of 6 varieties : Miss Bayly obtained a 

 lit prize for Tom Thumb, Commander-in-Chief, Hero of 

 Bristol, Perpetual Queen, 'Squire Smith, and Shrubland 

 Qaeen. Balsams : 1st prize, Miss Bayly— the only collection 

 exhibited. Cockscombs: two nice collections— 1st prize, Mr. 

 Wheeler; 2d, Mr. G. fuller. Dahlias— there were two Silver 

 Cap* offered for competition : that for Amateurs was awarded 

 w J. M. Yeeles, Ksq., whose collection consisted of John 

 Wward, Mrs. Seldon, Sir K. Peel, Nil Desperandum, Bees- 

 wiatr, Snofvtiake, Black Prince, Duke of Cambridge, Duke of 

 Wellington, Queen of Lilacs, Purple Standard, Nonpariel. 

 las Chaplin, Mynn, Lady St. Maur, Sir F. Kathurst, El 

 Dtfido, Seraph, Shylock, Richard Cobden, Atlas, Crocus, 

 E*ei Triumph, and Fearless; the Cup for Nurserymen was 

 woo by Mr. Drummond, for a collection consisting of Snow- 



M^, Imbricata, John Edward, Sir R, Peel, Mrs. C. Bacon, 

 Mr. Seldon, Beeswin.r, Queen of Lilacs, Queen of Beauty, Sir 



Of Cornwallis ; in the Amateurs' Class, the 2d prize was 

 twardedto Mr. II. Bush ; and Cerrificaes of Merit to J. Ed- 

 wirds, Esq., and Mr. Fisher ; in the Nurserymen's Cla>8, the 

 2d prize was awarded to Mr. Sealey. Nine distinct varieties: 

 there were five collections in this class— Mr. C. Sainsbury 

 obtained a 1st prize for a stand consisting of Sir R. Peel, Bob, 

 Tom, Hon. Mrs. Ashley, Seraph, George Glenny, Marchioness 

 of Cornwallis, Duke of Wellington, and El Dorado. Fancy 

 Dahlias, collections of nine varieties : the 1st was awarded to 

 Mr. Drummond for Mrs. Hansard, Rob Roy, Miss Compton, 

 Eliiabeth, Madame Bresson, Gasparini, Striata Perfecta, 

 «eganti<sima, and Pompey ; 2d, Mr. Griffin. Hollyhocks : 

 in collections of 24 varieties, for Amateurs, Mr. Fisher ob- 

 tained 1st prize ; and A. Brettle, Esq., 2d prize. In collections 

 « 6$ varieties for Nurserymen, Mr. Wheeler obtained l*t 



frize; Mr. Drummond 2d ; and Mr. Hooper a Certificate 



of Merir. e 



Cheltenham, Sept. 11.— The third and last Floral Exhibition 

 « tne season took place, as usual, at Pittville, un'ier very 

 lajourable circumstances. The following are some of the 

 pntes awarded for floricultural productions. Dahlias were 

 mice— Lollection of 13, distinct varieties : 1st prize, Earl 

 Of Uarendon Thames Bank Hero, Crocus, Purplo Standard, 



S;^, 6e ",, of . Ll . laC i» Brummond's Felix, Richard Cobden, 



Seldon, 



Rose 



Dale. 



itarr. p " Wl *"• Uir, - Uil ' 1 - v»noa«ij ; ist prize, Lord 



?Cv t CU l' General Negrier, Purple Standard, Duchess, 

 uyiocK, imbricata, Privateer, Scarlet Gem, Mrs. Bacon, 



twKJu!' a ** Feli *— Mr - Courtenay ; 2d, Mr. Hurlston. The 

 we ^ exn . lD ; ted in b °th groups v^re remarkably beautiful- 

 of wh OK™' lndeed > 8aw more perfect blooms, or the colours 



*ndTuu? er t 80 firmly set > than were those of Messrs. Heath 

 HurUtim - D u co,leciion8 of 18, or of Mr. Courtenav and Mr. 



of m- n> e minor col,ections of 12 « Fuchsias (Collection 



Alter* r!iP nZe ' Miss M * *MlHp«;Mj Mr. Clark. German 

 C J t Ct u n 0f 12] : l8T > Mrs/ Walters; 2d, J. Webster, 

 txWbited h 'a o tb " Arare and beautiful collection of Ferns, 

 mended hJ!l' i*' Esq ' J of Burnham > was especially com- 

 eom&iittJj ?« e Jud = es » and a ^ a rded an extra prize by the 

 p^utee. Messrs. Veitch also contributed some valuable 



Hiohgatb, Sept. 24. 



Mr 



Twelve Dahlias (am 



s), 1st prize to 



IiUcV fri Wa ^ 8 ' for Prin cess Louisa, Mrs. Seldon, Queen of 

 CobS^ ?? Edward, Mr. Seldon, Fearless, Snowflake, Richard 



Mr. Prockter, 

 eorse Glenny, 



^Wen, Jhames Bank Hero, Miss Chaplin, Admiral, and 



2fe*S V eD i ny ; 2d » t0 Mr - Weedon, for Mr. Seldon, Psyche, 

 Di a#U Clarendon, Nil Desperandum, Essex Triumph, 

 Bathnrat A Wel,iD Kton, Admiral, Yellow Standard, Sir F. 



Jbr Mm n I iS icipalion ' and Suowflake; 3d, to ' " * 

 BiseiT^ Bacun » Princess Louisa, Fame, George 

 Petri**, Um % h > Admiral, Queen of Liiacs, Duke of Wellington, 

 •ddnT t£ p nvateer; 4th, to Mrs. Jeffrey, for Fame, Mrs. 

 Beeawin ^ ne8 B *ok Hero, Mr. Seldon, Princess Uadzivil, 

 Irinmn^ u maid » Duke of Wellington, Seraph, Essex 

 *toH#rn *X° 1 ? n . lihead » and Fearless ; 5(h, to Mr. Bennett, for 

 <* Lilfu.. V* i ' ,orLia > Mrs. C. Bacon, Queen of Beauties, Queen 

 wW n i' ln J brt cata, Fame, Beeswing, Mr. Seldun, JJuke of 

 H- ;"« x on, i>uke of Camhridire. and John E*1waH - 'ftrh to 



Mr 



of Cambridge, and John Edward 



6th, to 

 acs, 



Sarlnf r!' JU "-» for fearless. Sir K. Peel, Queen of Lil 

 B*thnl« n e ? duD » Duke ot ^'eliingtoD, George Glenny, Sir F. 

 ^rbppL? 1 * 116 of Cambridge, Mr. Seldon, Shylock, Nepauiese 



Wli u ar ? iua J 7th » to ^ r - Wakeman . for Tde Hero, 



I, Richard Cobden, Pri- 



imh "a~ ** luIU P n » imoncata, \j. Turner. Beeswing, Duke 

 nonage, and King. There were U exhibiiors in this 







-G Fancy Sorts: l^r, Mr. J. Edwards, tor hi^hUnd 

 Chief, Mrs. Hansard, Miss Compton, Queen of Fairies, Flvin? 

 Dutchman, and Captivation ; i i, Mr. l J rockter, for Lady CuU 

 lum, Madame Wacby, Mrs. Hansard, Lady Greuviile Mist 

 Compton, and Miss VVeyland ; 3d, Mr. Bennett, f< r Dandy, 

 Keepsake, Adolphe Dubras, Gasperine, Lady Grenrill^ and 

 Empereur de Maroc. Six new sorts let out in 1861 by 

 Mr. Turner: 1st, Mr. J. Edwar , with Goliath, Repina, 

 Mr. Palmer, Roundiiead, Sir C. Napier, and Nepauiese 

 Prince; 2d, Mr. Prockter, with Goliath, Dake of Rcthsay, 

 Jullien, Napoleon, Roundhead, and Sir C. Napier. Dealers, 

 2t kinds : 1st, to Mr. Bra— for Mr. Seldon, El Dorado, Fame, 

 George Glenny, Duke of \\ iington, Qu- en of Be tuties, Yellow 

 Superb, Mr. Herbert, Genera: Faucher, Essex Triumph, 

 Toison d'Or, Sir R, Peel, Admiral, Barmaid, Earl Claren- i, 

 Queen of Lilacs, Miss Chaplin, Shylock, Q lecn of Beauties 

 (Mitchell), Privateer, Qaeao of the West, ^ir F. Bathum, 

 Hon. Mrs. Aghley, and Carmina ; 2d, M»-. Hunt. 12 Fancies: 

 l«t, Mr. Bragg, with Highland Chief, Vulcan, Princess Char- 

 lotte, Flying i)utchman, Rdchael, Mrs. Hansard, Lady Gren- 

 ville, Miss WVyland, Miss Compton, Gasperiue, Queen of 

 Fairies, and Pretty Polly ; 2d, Mr. Hunt. Certincates were 

 awarded to Morning Star (Turner) ; to Ariel (Turner), a bold 

 white; to Malvina (Turner) ; to Phantom (Brnjfg) a" oraoge 

 previously noticed ; to a fancy without name (ttiimer), for its 

 colour, deepest maroon, with white tips; other seedlings con- 

 sisted of Miss Ward, Edmund Foster, and Scarlet King; the 

 latter is noticed in " Answers to Correspon "ents." Hollyhocks 

 were shown by Mr. Bragjf and i\ Mr. llolden. Fuchsias by 

 Mr. G. Smith, 1 ; Mr. Batten, 2; Mr. Crairjr, 3. Also by Mr. 

 M'Ewen, 1. Certificates were granted to Fuchsia, Despe- 

 randum (G. Smith), a dark variety ; to Verbenas, Ai I, 

 National, and Alba Magna, all from Mr. G. Smith, and prizes 



awarded to Arit 1 and National as being the l> «-t and 

 second best produced. The former is a full-sized blush 



iiite with purple eye j the latter is a neat bright rosy pink, 

 remarkable lor the symmetry of its truss. Collections of 

 Verbenas were set up by Mr. Lodiuer (1), the variety beir.jr 

 Desdemona, St. Margaret, Laura, Figaro, Heine Hor- 

 tense, Buonaparte, Mncrantha, Exquisite Beauty, Grandip, 

 British Queen, and Voltigeur. 2d, Mr. Young, vthu produced 

 his nice .seedling, Delight, Six new Verbenas: 1st, Mr. 

 Lochner; 2d, Mr. Young. Dealers ; 24 Verbenas: 1st, Mr. 

 G. Smith ; I'd, Mr. Steward. Best sp- men Fuchsia, for any 

 variety let out this season : 1st, Mr. Batten, with his Clapton 

 reffO. A prize was awarded to Petunia Striata, fr m Mr. 

 Steward. Charming groups of cut Hoses were displayed by 

 Mr. Wilkinson, Ealing. 



Southampton, Sept. 5.— A Silver Cup, offered to private 

 grown by J. Colt, fc«q., for the best 24 Dahlias, was awarded 

 to Mr. Edwards, Holloway, who*e varieties were Earl of Claren- 

 don. Richard Cobden, General Faucher, Mr. Seldon, Baltic, 

 Thanes Bank Hero, Leda, Beeswing, Admiral, Miss Herbert, 

 Sir F. Bathurst, Barmaid, Nil peraodum, l>uke ot Cam- 



bridge, Essex Triumph, Duke of Wellington, Elizabeth, I, 



Fearless. Y'eilow Standard, Summit of Perfection, Sir C. 

 Napier, Nepauiese Chief, and Mrs. Herbert. 



Taunton, Sept. 17.— A Silver Cup was awarded to Mr. 

 Keynes, of Sa bury, for the following 24 Dab ias : Queen of 

 Lilacs, John Edward, Fearless, Mr. Seldon, Duke of Cam- 

 bridge, Model, Thames Bank Hero, Earl Clarendon, Negro, 

 General Faucher, Princess Itadzivill, Shylock, tjueen of the 



ast, Lady St. Maur, Miss Vyse, Richard C -bdeo, Una, Tri- 

 umphant Mi-s Chaplin, Magnificent, Beauty of Kent, Douglas 

 Jen old, Sir F. Bathurst, and \ r ellow Standard. Certincates 

 were awarded to Una, Triumphant, Nancy, and Laura 

 Lavington ; tiowers which have well maintained their high 

 positions during a long and trying season. 



Wallingford, Sept. 10.— This was the last show of the 

 season. The Thame band, and delightful weather, brought 



together a fashionable company. Duhlias were the principal 

 attraction. The Society's handsome Medal, value five guineas, 

 was offered for the best 100 blooms, which brought together 

 tour collections. The 1st (medal) was awarded to Mr. C. 

 Turner, Slough; 2d, Mr. Braeg, S'ough ; 3d, Mr. Willmer, 

 Sunbury ; 4th, Messrs. Tyso, Wallingford (perhaps the finest 

 bloom exhibited this season was Richard Cobden, as shown on 

 this occasion). The following were also particularly good : Mr. 

 Seldon, Model, Sir C. Napier, Fearless, Nepauiese Prince, 

 Essex Triumph, Queen of Lilacs, Mrs. Seldon, Summit of Per- 

 fection, Mr Paimer, Leda, Mr. Herbert, Fairy Queen, Admiral, 

 Morning Star, Sir F. Bathurst, Princess Louise, Hon. Mrs, 

 Ashley, Blanchfleur, Mrs. Willi**, Rachae!, Empereur de Maroc. 

 Mrs. Hansard, Miss Compton, Lady Grenviile, Eieganti*sima, 

 Nonpareil, Sir R. Peel, Nil Desperandum, Seraph, and Queen 

 of Dahlias. J. E. 



Whitby Amateur Flobtcdltubal, Sept. 16.— Dahlias were 



exhibiced in great variety, and in good condition. 12 varieties : 

 1st, Mr. S. Anderson, with Sir F. Bathurst, Beeswing, 

 Yellow Standard, Magnificent (Edwards), Snowball, Grenadier, 

 Premier (Leg), Mr. Seldon, Lord Mayor (Idvards), Capt. 

 Warner, Shylock, and Thames Bank Hero. The same exhi- 

 bitor also obtained the first prize for six varieties, consisting 

 of Lord Mayor, Duke of Wellington (very fin**), Seraph, Yellow 

 Standard, and Thames Bank Hero. Mr. Edwards, of York, 

 gave a very beautiful Silver Fish Knife and Fork lor the best 

 (5 Dissimilar Blooms, which were obtained by Mr. Anderson, 

 with Lord Mayor, Shylock, Beeswing, Seraph, Sir F. Bathurst, 

 and Duke ot Wellington. In class showing. Mr. Edwards, 

 of York, exhibited 24 blooms; among which we noticed 

 California (a good yellow), in excellent condition. The 

 same party also exhibited 24 Fancies. — Mr. Willison, 

 of Whitby, showed a number of Seedlings, among which 

 were some promising flowers. One, named Dr. Y'oung, 

 received a Certificate and a seedling prize; colour rich, deep 

 maroon, outline perfect, and size average. If it proves con 

 stant, it will be a useful variety.— Verbenas were good, but 

 there was no novelty. — An extra prize was awarded to Mr. 

 Blake, of the Mul grave Gardens, for a fine collection of China 

 Asters, some of which in size and proportion were almost equal 

 to the Dahlia.— At a dinner, in the evening, the honorary secre- 

 tary, Mr. M. Woodhouse, was presented with an elegantly, 

 chased silver tea-pot, in acknowledgment of his services and 

 zeal in promoting the interest of floriculture. 



Aubiculas : Anon. Dickson and Willmer, south ; Holland, 

 north ; Lightbody, far north, J. E. 



Catalogdes : Several autumn trade lists have been received ; 

 they are all welcome. J. E. 



Fancy Dahlias : R C. It does not appear, judging from your 

 account, that either flower is of the fancy class. J. E. 



Ranunculus; Fairford. Tyso (of WaJlinglord), on "The 

 Ranunculus, and how to grow it," will answer your pur- 

 pose. J. E. 



Stoke Newington Dahlia Meeting : This must stand over 



till next week. J. E. 

 S towmareet : Anon. The papers have batn returned to the 

 secretary ; post paid, of course. «/• E. 



SEEDLING FLOWERS. 



Astebs : Jacquin. Les fleurs sont lanres et belles, les cou'eurs 

 d'une beau e extreme. La vane e blanche est d'une excel- 

 lente torme, qui nous rappelle le Chrysanthemum " Ve* ta." 

 La fleur epanouie d'un pourpre vjne des lignes blanches, 

 doit de tout autre (par sa beaute) se trouver favorite parmi 

 les dames ; savoir si le semence produit regulierement la 

 memo es^ece de rleur ?• 



Calceolarias: Sub, Watford. Packed in dry moss, and so 

 shrivelled that nothing can he said respecting its form. The 

 yellow is of a deep yet brilliaut shade.*— // M. Pleasing 

 varieties, whose qualifications were freely discussed at the 

 Htghgaie exhibition, where all were more or !e=s admired.* 



Hollyhocks : it l,at l 3P enor, i« a t lui, »osy 



I ink; of good sue, bu scarce! ull enough in the centre. 

 Ricolor grsnd^l.ra was too much o .-imaged when rrnrire ' 

 for determination of i's merits. Mr. Luad is dull coloured 

 and much serrafed on ihe -*> »m is similar 



in colour to ttie variety named, but is a bad specimen to 

 judge of siae.* 



Pansy: J H U. An improvement on Mary Jane, being free 

 from the folds in the side petals of ths \ it is v ; it has, how- 

 ever, its faults, andVould not do in a stand of 24 for quality 

 only.*— A.l'. We have neve: 1 ra t.een Pansks sport 



as yours has done. Seedling raisers, like travelers, sea 

 strange * uts.* 



Pelaeooki «: / Carpenter. An excellent scarlet, robust in 

 habit, and a profuse bloomer : trusses very large ; eaon pin 

 of excellent shape; petals substantial; together foiming 

 globular head, rai ed i seed vessels; colour 



brilliant. ^ A variety which is sure to become a favourite.* 

 Pinks : J A". To hand : we await the seoond delivery.* 

 Salvia: Dean. Flowers large and fine, but a; trently not 

 different from those of S. patens.* 



Miscellaneous. 



Cotyledon orlict ta.- In Mr. i mi notice of two 

 species of Cotyledon, in j number for the present 

 month, it is stated that Dr. Pappe < bes a plant lie 



Cotyledon orhaulata) of the same genus as the Cot\ 

 ledon umbilicus, the leaves of which Are s I to form 

 MS excellent Sjjplie m to l d as, In this i <*h- 



bourhood the Cotyledon umbilicus U well known, aud is 

 in high repute with tin country peo] as a remedy for 

 corns and warts : many persons have informed me of 

 the entire removal of corns after a few applications; 

 and that the juice of the plant is a useful remedy in 

 inflammatory swellings. The llouse-1 k (S< mi>er- 

 vivum tectorum) of the Crassulaceous order, is also 

 famed for its application to i :ns and warts, and in 

 common use, mixed with « am, for intlamed eyes. C* 

 Rodger 8, of Leominster, in Pharmaceutical Journal. 



Mai 





Calendar of Operations. 



( For the emuina week.) 



PLANT DEPARTMENT. 



Anatolian and other plants, which have boon 

 set in the open air during summer, hut which wore 

 thought too hardy to be put under cover in the early 

 part of the month, should now be removed to favour- 

 able situations under p;lass, and there placed as nmr 

 the light as possible, as the process of ripening goes 



on much faster than in the open air, while the plants 



may be prot e cted from onr cold autumnal rains. f l / 

 should, however, have the advantage of a free circu- 

 lation of air, which should continue night and day, 

 unless the weather is very cold. Oranges standing 

 in the open air should be removed into their winter 

 quarters during the next week, in most parts of Eng- 

 land ; and as all other greenhouse plants must soon be 

 housed, the necessary pre par ry arrangem ts should 

 be immediately completed" The climbers m the roofs 

 of the houses should be considerably reduced in bulk, 

 reserving a proper selection of shoots for late autumn 

 Howering, and for adequately furnishing the roof next 

 summer. In addition to this means of admitting 

 the light more freely into the house, let the glass be 

 washed, that the plants may have every chance. Let 

 the Geraniums which have commenced growing again, 

 after being cut down, be shaken out and repotted into 

 smaller pots careful to set them where they will 



have plenty of light and air, so as to keep them dwarf 

 and bushy ; and do not give them much water until the 

 pots have become pret full of roots, when another shift 

 will be necessary. Promote the growth of Gesn *a 

 zebrina, Achimenes picta and cupreata, by a strong 

 bottom heat, with a moderate top heat ; do not allow the 

 latter to be excessive, or the leaves will be lees hardy in 

 their mstitution, lees durable, and less u ful in the 

 decoration of drawing-rooms and conservatories, for 

 which purpose these beautiful plants are admirably 

 adapted. As the Japan Lilies go out of flower, let the 

 pots be laid on their sides for a week or two, in a sunny 

 situation ; after which they must be repotted in sandy 

 loam and a little peat, and plunged in a bed of ashes in 

 an open situation. These plants require a very sliort 

 period of rest ; but although the roots are active during 

 w inter, the plants should be kept in a cool place until 

 spring, when a few for early flowering may be placed in 

 the greenhouse. 



FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



Melons and Cucumbers must now have careful atten- 

 tion to continue them in a fruitful state as long as 

 possible. Water judiciously, belecting fine mornings 

 for the purpose ; endeavour to keep the pits perfectly 

 clean and wholesome, by admitting at all times suf- 

 ficient air to ensure a circulation, and let the walls be 

 occasionally washed with lime and sulphur to destroy 

 insects. It is indispensable to keep up a good temperature, 

 top and bottom ; and if 'no better means are at command, 

 this must be effected by dung lining and by covering with 

 mats and shutters at night. Young Cucumbers for winter 

 forcing, recently planted, should not be stopped until they 

 have reached the top of the trellis, when the point should 

 be pinched out to induce the formation of lateral shoots. 

 Do not allow the plants to be weakened by producing 

 clusters of male blo-soms. Give sufficient heat and mois- 

 ture to induce a vigorous growth, but accompanied by a 

 free circulation of air to ensure a sturdiness of habit ; to 

 this end also let the glass be kept perfectly clean, that they 

 may have all the light possible a: this season. After 

 planting, a slight shade is n< *sary for a short period 

 during strong sunshine, but they must be quickh nuretl 

 to full exposure. Where dung linii * are used for 

 forcing pits of any description, means should be token 

 to secure them from the autumn rains, which check 

 fermentation, and cause the heat to decline at a time 



