THE GARDENERS' 



CHRONICLE. 



aged, 

 some 



without disturbing the bulbs, and replacing it by jso 



Without uisiurwug «•« , --* . « . com p og t 



fresh soil. For the stronger-growmg lands ie ^™P d . 

 should be light and sandy, containing a cons 'derableau 

 mixture of peat; but for Gladioli and others of snular 

 grovrth, a soil somewhat richer and stronger » ™^» 

 In all the plant-houses, let most ""^^fi^ 

 and neatness prevail, and spare no pjm- %#™f^ 

 gay and cheerful -pg-r-ee; a they -y, .by^ 

 management, be made a luxurj, iimwu, 

 pleasure and gratification to their proprietors. 



FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



As the length and strength of daylight is now bo 

 rapidly diminishing, all the glass sashes of the different 



recommend soil to be drawn round the stems without 

 delay ; look the plants over, and gather any seed which 

 is ready ; cut away broken shoots, and make the plants 

 as neat as possible under the circumstances. Have some 

 •rood Deal tallies made and painted, to which stout zinc 

 wire should be attached ; these will be ready to label the 

 roots when they are lifted from the ground. Pansy and 

 Pink Beds should now have their final supervision ; 

 fill up any blanks which may have occurred and stir 

 the soil lightly between the plants. Any stock of late 

 struck pipings or cuttings should also be set out, taking 

 the precaution to hoop the bed over, as the heavy rams 

 of autumn are extremely prejudicial to them. Po«mg 

 Carnation and Picotee layers ought now to be finished 

 or nearly so. Take care that the plants are not kept in 

 a close frame too long ; after a lapse of five or six days 

 the lights must be gradually raised, till they are removed 



" " "A slight not- 



Your little friend (we 



These birds require to be huii- "«^2 <ll, * l, l> ^* >. 

 out of the reflation of all .h?dow.^"»5Sfc 



treme. W. K. 



k 



•* 



le. W. A.-The Blackbird: JaneT v* XT **>*£ 

 one of a late brood. He is sufferin/trn 0ah4 ^pS 

 kept very warm, and co-seteiin do£n^ Cr ^'HI*k: 

 this advanced period of the Tear ZW °^ Ul *<**!* 



strong, fall-feathered birds/ V:& b 7t^»W 

 For once, you have mizzled « a xv HE T Rlc» JJJ 



carefully removed 10 ujc sncua u U *»*£ «»- — Jy 

 perfectly clean, or the sashes will soon be as 

 L r . Pineries.— Montserrat Pines, which 



gtAictures should be washed ; and to render he good 



effects of this ablution as permanent as possible, the mate 



&c. which are used for covering at night, should be 



carefully removed to the sheds during the day, and kept 



J - -« ■ - n ^" -*° dirty as 



erer. Pineries.— Montserrai rmes, wtucii are now 

 showing or flowering, will be invaluable in early spring, 



and should be assisted by every available means. A ^^ ot ine inonui >viieu ^ wiii 



steady bottom and top heat must be maintained and ^ ^^ fee d . g absolutelv essential, 



the most careful attention paid to watering. Let them i KITCHEN GARDEN, 



have all the light possible, especially while they are 

 in flower, at which time air must be liberally ad- 

 mitted during the day, to dry the atmosphere, and 

 to prevent the monstrous growth of their crowns. 

 Vineries.— In the Vineries, containing winter Grapes, 



Any 



once, you nave puzzled us W» „ 

 other person, tell you how to dhtm^T^ * m 

 female at this season. As the whole iKj"^^ 

 appear equally handsome and uprlffhtU «I '^ *»J 

 separately. Before Christmas, the mSes* u£*+*l 

 Such as remain silent afrer this-stran^ » T-?* ""^ * ** 

 are females. W.K.— The Linnet- win f 1 ^-^ 

 very favourably; but must be kept warm ' n 

 windi search every part of these little ^ir 1 

 tion. Give, in addition to what you \£$g* 

 bruised hemp- seeds twice a week. W A"~T ' -» 



Goldfinch: Isabella W. Althoush th e ac^* 1 * n, «* 



all together, only covering m heavy ram. 

 bed of Oak leaves or other material, will be of great service 

 in assisting those which are but moderately rooted. 

 Do not in the multiplicity of other things forget "the 

 Tulip/ early planting is advisable, in fact, any time 



the middle of the month when the compost is 



of your pet's calamities is a grievous one \et •V* 11 

 hope ot our effecting a cure. In the first nl... J •* 



every exertion must be made to prevent damp 



faulty places on the roof, which admit drip, should 



be repaired, and slopping of water entirely avoided. 



Where there are beds of tan or leaves for plunging 



plants in during the summer, it is a good plan to surface 



the beds with dry sand, to keep down evaporation. Any 



Grapes which are not yet properly ripened should be 



kept a little warmer during the day ; this will at the 



same time assist to ripen the wood. Let all growing 



laterals be constantly removed, to allow of the freer 



admission of light ; and in cutting the fruit from spurs, 



prune back at once to the most promising eye near the 



Mushrooms.— Continue to make up successional 



ase. 



and have ventilators so arranged that 



great exertions 



beds, as the season advances, and spawn and soil the 

 earlier ones, as they are ready. It will be found time 

 and material well bestowed to spawn the beds twice, 

 with an interval, of a fortnight between the two spawn- 

 ings ; by this simple means, we ensure a regularity of 

 crop all over the beds, and the supply is more abundant 

 and mure permanent. Let the beds be spawned 1 foot 

 asunder, in the first instance, leaving marks where it is 

 inserted ; and plant the second lot midway between the 

 first. Keep the floor constantly moist, and the house 

 quite dark. Let the admission of fresh air be from the 

 lower part of the house, through the floor, if possible, 



the evaporation 



may pass off freely at the top. 



FLOWER GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



Little can be done in this department, except in 

 cleaning and removing annuals and half-hardy plants, as 

 they cease to be effective ; and as the various masses of 

 these are removed, the beds should be at once filled with 

 their winter and early spring occupants, whether bulbs 

 or dwarf evergreens. In planting the former no time 

 should be lost ; but if a press of other work renders it 

 necessary to postpone the latter, let the ground be neatly 

 dug over, to give it a clean and fresh appearance for the 

 time being. Attend to the pruning and training of 

 climbers, and the staking and tying of any plants 

 requiring artificial support. Very 

 should be made at this season to render the neat and 

 orderly keeping of a place conspicuous, that it may in 

 some degree compensate for the gradually fading beauty. 

 As the leaves of some of the trees are now beginning to 

 fall, it becomes every day a more difficult matter to keep 

 the grounds in order, and renders the most industrious 

 perseverance necessary to maintain them in a creditable 

 condition. Let the necessity of intense exertion be 

 impressed upon the mind of every propagator ; every 

 day's delay in putting in cuttings at this season lessens 

 the short time that they would have for striking root 

 and strengthening themselves before winter. Unless 

 this work is already completed, all hands should 

 be brought to bear upon it, as the early summer 

 display lor next year depends considerably on the 

 greater part of the stock being propagated in the 

 autumn. Attendl to those in progress, by judicious 

 watering, shading, and ventilation ; remove all dead 

 leaves, and carefully cut away every attempt at pro- 

 ducing flowers. As soon as the cuttings are rooted, 

 let them be gradually but speedily inured to the open 

 air, that they may form sturdy healthy plants before 

 winter. If frames in winter cannot be afforded for the 

 autumn struck Roses, they should be planted in rich 

 soil, in well sheltered borders in the reserve garden, 

 that they may have time to establish themselves. The 

 Tea-scented and other tender kinds should occupy a 

 compartment by themselves, where they can be con- 

 yeniently protected from frost. Brompton, Queen, and 

 late Ten- week Stocks should be transplanted into light 

 soil, in a warm, dry border, where they can be pro- 

 tected by placing a wooden frame over them during 

 winter. Take advantage of favourable weather for 

 gathering seeds; those of biennials and perennials 

 should be cleaned immediately, and sown in the reserve 

 garden. A considerable time, often amounting to an 

 entire season, is saved by sowing many such plants in 

 autumn. 



FLORISTS' FLOWERS. 



Rough winds and an early frost have made Dahlias 

 ppear rather worse for their influence. We would 



Do not, because the season is far advanced, allow the 

 destroying of weeds to be neglected, as many of them 

 will yet perfect their seeds, and increase out-door diffi- 

 culties another year. We have sometimes seen a 

 gardener attend energetically to this during the earlier 

 part of the season, but by suffering the autumn weeds 

 to grow and ripen, he had more than his old work to do 

 again the next year. The earthing up of Celery and 

 Cardoon crops had better not be longer deferred, lest 

 they should be injured by frost ; the operation should be 

 performed when the ground is dry, finishing the work 

 at one operation. This plan for the late crops is excel- 

 lent, as both these vegetables are found to keep a month 

 or two later than plants earthed up early ; and the work 

 is done at less expense when done at one operation. 

 Take advantage of wet weather to rub seeds out, rope 

 Onions, and twist hay-bands for Cardoons ; and let the 

 most useful men help forward with the work in the 



other departments 



,• .i 





State of th* Weather near Lounon, for tb»» week en^'m? Oct. 2. 1851, 

 as observed at the Horticultural Garden, Chi? wick. 



Sept. 

 and Oct. 



< 



o 

 c 



2 



Babombtss. 



M 



Friday.. Sfi 

 Jatur. .. % 

 i Sunday . 28 

 Monday 29 

 ! Tues. .. 30 

 i Wed. .. 1 

 ' Thurs... 2 



1 

 2 

 3 

 4 



6 



'29.(194 



29J * 



29.790 



• 9.705 

 29.44 \ 

 29.290 

 29.388 



1 



Min. 



29 606 

 29.b25 



29/. 65 

 29.* 01 



2»j.:i40 



29.012 

 JW.2US 



TKMriMATURH 



Of the Air. 





Max. 



56 



57 



62 

 <0 

 62 

 60 

 58 



Average....! ' 29.582 I 29.449 I 59.3 



Min. 



Mean 



49.5 



deep. 



43 



5? 



39 



48." 



M| 



30 



46.0 



54 



39 



49.5 



5'-* 



46 



52 



52i 



44 



54.0 



53) 



45 



51.5 



53 



40 8 



50 



537 



Ofthe Earth iWind. 



1 foot 2 feer 

 deep. 



54 



54 



53* 



53 



.V2§ 



53 

 52 



53 



sw. 



.00 



w. 



.01 



n.w. 



.00 



s. 



.14 



s. 



.00 



s. 



35 



s. 



.14 



64 



Sept. 



Oct. 



26— Partially orercaat ar.d cold ; clear at Q!ght. 

 27— Fine; cloudy; sl'jfht drizzling rain. 

 28 - Clear and fine ; frosty at night. 

 29— Foggy; fine; cleAr: rain at night. 

 30— Overcast ; fine; cloudy. 

 1— Fine; overcast; densr If clouded; rain. 



2— Partially overcast; *hnwery; fine; rain at night. 

 Mean temperature ot the w#ek, 5 deg. below the average. 



To remedy this, feed him sparingly ; and let him (S* 8 ^ 



a spacious room, where the sun hag ace e « tK ^ 



window*. This exercise will gradually reduce k?3?* 



eventually restore his fair proportions. Hi «S** 



breathing wi!l also be lessened day by day. Ashs*'* 



towards recovery, vary his food as much iiasS^ 1 



give him the use of a bath. At present, living iSSj* 



is quite against all reasonable hope of eonrjW?* 



truth of which, to a reasoning mind, will soonb2? ; * 



rent. You have done wrong in lending your irlerfo ^ 



Nos. of the Gardeners* Chronicle; you hare the*)? Z2 



much risk of destroying your set" tor there iJu2J 



lityot obtaining some particular Nos. lK.A'.-THififc 



Annie J. The M birds" have arrived, in fine pwierfifJiIL 



we shall prove cur " affection" for them, D V m^tZ 



leisure flay. W. AT.— The Blackcap: JCEm^'j^Z 



your bird is at once proved by his sprightlinenai^EJ 



after travelling so very long a distance. As be sMate 



larger bath, this is all the better; as the fieawsin^^ 



far advanced to admit of the daily use of inch afaj, 



winter luxury. Cramp would be the inevitable renfteftft 



an indulgence. There can be no objection tohiidifip»fc 



head into the glass which holds the water t>eiftift| 



drink. We cannot procure for you the firs >oicf« 



■■ Treatises on Song Birds," at any price; andtfo pi* 



the necessity, as we have before urged, of ou mfci j* 



vidiog themselves regularly every wee k with *bitt*r 



of copies they may require. W. K— [Our accumulj^i 



spondence renders it necessary to postpone all fwi u 



swers, on aubjects connected with Ornithology, nfl «g 



week. W. AT.] 



Books: A B. " Paxton's Flower Garden" mij irifc. 



suit you. 

 Elders: Sambvcus. It is the white berried >ind. Anrtei 



the common black sort, well known to .collecton, to ■ 



esteemed. | 



Elevation above the Sea : An Old Garctowr.Wew 



and tell you next week. 



Fan Palm: H B. If your M Fan Palm "is a hardy tisi,li 



it may go along with Agave, and will merely requite ti* 

 from wet and severe cold in winter. IfyourNMnrs»« 

 do this, it may answer. 



Fio Trees: Gallicus. Starve them, and they iffl pm 



fruit with you. J M 



Fish-ponds : J G C. We have long been endearnirajl** 



a contributor upon this subject ; but a pemn m? » 



quainted practically witn the subject has never jet Win * 



We are still inquiring. (ua v. , W(i- 



Froit: A Constant Sub. The columns of latl aid tins m 



will, we trust, *ive you the information yoo itan 

 Heating: M E B. An Arnott stove will BtfuiwrwdLi" 



you not better inquire about the Limcnck ****** 



t£day in a Leading Article % It is Jar morsLktlj* 



you 



Occasional Tourist. Although the m 



_ ,_-,-«,* koaiW and I 



State of the Weather at Caiswick, Uartnc the ls«t 25 years, for the 



ensuing week, ending Oct. 11, 1851. 





• - - 



V u 



Oct. • 



5C * «£ 



SJSa 



*• S « 



Sunday 5 



SMI 



414 



Mon. 6 



61.6 



43.4 



Tues. 7 



62.6 



44.2 



Wed. 8 



60.8 



42.6 



Thurs. 9 



60. i 



43.4 



Friday 10 



61.1 



43.4 



Satur. 11 



62 1 1 



1 43J* 







52.0 



52.5 



53 4 



51.7 



51.7 

 52. 2 



52.7 



No. of 

 ?ear» in 

 whirh it 



Rained. 



9 

 13 



15 

 12 

 14 



12 



13 



Greatest 



tin ant ity 

 of Rain 



Prevailing Winds. 



tt 



0.57 in 

 07rt 

 0.^5 

 0.63 



OS2 



0.63 

 31 



mi ! hk 



I 



4 



1 

 1 





I 

 1 



J 



a! 



h 



4 3 



< 1 



2 3 



3 1 



V 



» 







6 I 



3 3 8 



- 4 10 



- 4 6 

 14 9 



- 7 7 



2 3 8 



4 



s 



I 

 5 



:. 



4 



I 

 1 

 1 

 1 



2 

 '2 



t Fames of Fruits . l « ..■■ * -*~. --■ - d , p 



Apple may be, as you state, a good fewer swi 

 cocking Apple/yet its form and size are n«^«\. 

 render it desirable for general cultivation -£ ^ J 

 Pear from a tree 80 years' o d I ^^S^ 

 *uinole. It has, doubtless, been ong »J^, U 

 France whe— •• ^ a * lnnflr existed.y-^Kw^L 

 13, 14/24, 

 Seedling; i 

 Sam Youny 



££ ;^WMte Winter^ofville ; 2£ ^ajJQ 

 worthless; 2o, Court of W,ck • . >,J» , g 

 Northern Greening; 32, K ea h* » ^ „ ^ iF» 







The highest temperature during the above period occurred on the 

 ■* 834— therm. 80 de*. ; and the lowest on the 5th, 1850— therm. 28 dejr. 



5th, 



Notices to Correspondents. 



Birds— The Moulting Bullfinch: J L. It is to be regretted 

 that some of our good friends pass over our remarks, week 

 by week, without giving heed to our counsels. They simply 

 read what concerns themseves at the time, and do not lay 

 up store of information for the future. This is obviously 

 wrong. Your bird is infested with vermin ; and his new 

 feathers being now about to appear, his invaders torment 

 him oadly by the irritation they produce in his skin. You 

 have acted most unwisely in oiling his extreoiiti 5, and must 

 never attempt it again. A3 the case of your sufferer so 

 closely resembles that of *' the Canary * (see notice to 

 "Amanda"; prescribed for (p. GIG) last week— we refer you 

 to it at once for detailed instructions to effect a cure ; but 

 remember, your bird must \ e put in a new, close cage, and 

 kept warm. W. K.— The Mocking Bird: J T. Yes; it was a 

 singular coincidence, that in the very same paper containing 

 our advice to a correspondent not to procure one of these 

 creatures, a notice should appear from another hand detail- 

 ing his strong points, and showing up bis true character and 

 accomplishments. We thii k, after what ha* been said by 

 so dispassionate an observer, of his power* of mimicry, we 

 hardly need repeat our caution to a lov*»r of birds ; unless it 

 be to speak of his additional "excellencies" in copying most 

 faithfully the squeaking of a pi* and the cackling ot a goose ; 

 also of his giving by no means an unsuccessful imitation of 

 the braying of a refractory and salient young donkey. For 

 his *ize (he is not larger than a small thrush), the mocking 

 bird certainly is a most wonderful creature ; and though of a 

 plain and homely presence, yet if noise, incessant uproar 

 and incoherent jargon be recommendations to favour, then is 

 the palm his. By the way, the Cran-utan, at the Zoological 

 Gardens, Regent's Park, is in high favour among the ladv 

 visitors there ; and this remind* us that ours is " a onesided 

 opinion "only; and that <4 there is no accoun'ing for taste " 

 jr./iT.—Tm Goldfinch: JB. Your nestling bird being of 'a 

 nearly black colour, is no detriment to him. On the contrary 

 an occasional variety of this kind is pleasing. We have had 

 black skylarks, white linnets, <fcc, <ke. ; and always found 

 much to admire in them. Their song, a* iu the ca*e of yaur 

 goldfinch, has been always fine; and Nature lavish in her 

 additional gifts, to atone for her deviation from a general 

 rule. When your bird moults, it i* probab'e you will observe 

 yet another change. W. A'.-The Woodlark ; Amelia &. You 

 did wrong to purchase so wild a bird. The legs of these 

 birds are brittle as the finest glass; and if perchance they 

 get caught in the wires, a fracture of one or both is inevitable. 



Crotton ; 37, Blenheim Pippiis^l-^ 5 - p ' ^ 



ire Greening; *>> i0 *\ ,. s ;iK 

 Wormsley Pippin ; 9, Londonjjppin ; U^ ^g 



in 11 in 



4,8, York»bire Greening; ? 



I* 



Lamb Abbey I'.armMn i^^^i„^ 

 3. Court «( Wick; 5, *hod« !•««*«. llU + 

 Pippin ; 8, Nonpareil ; 9, »«"£"*£"&. JW** 



Ti, French Crab; 24. Hollwdbaw, * fW 0, 



2«: Court-pendu pht ; 19. L<"» se BoDBe ' ^ 



JJeurre Ranee U ,m.*t. Bt IW' i "TS 



Names of Plants: A L^erofPlants.fJ^ m j9 



intended Roger!.; bw your t P 1 *^ ^, 80 r«,W^; 

 genus. It is rather a Se»amum of s °™ m w£\. 



Accidental.. -Leyto*. »«'»»™ b f ,n ™ £k* #£* 

 Cupressu* m.crocarpa. f-£ f {• _ A g*. pun * - 



** 



Is. Torenia concoi 

 rm moist a tnlu8 Pi; inter 

 tone kept cool and rather ^ d m c ^. are ou3 \**fip 



I I, r run i*ir*» — - r - , 



aceuni -John Bill*. Torenia coiicolor 

 be grown in a warm 



Torenia concur. , . M a^ M 

 ioist atmosphere dun^^# 



appear 

 T acson 





i 





of *» P'*> 



Vines a better soil than gw™ J , f ro nei.-J' I« 

 K ras 8 y turf chopped up ^^^^''SU 



thecium o«sifr«Kiim. -- A con-. „ flw>^ 



to be young plants ot t» e * irie . »re »0 

 ia ,,innati.tipnla. A few i » f \ , , e9 «*p 



RrN6i«o Fbuit TarEs : «**£* T ,, wbe a ^^ 

 Pear trees which bear no truit, 



Roses: EG. We 



cannot have mwi- .. t >,.tis ■"•' ^m»" 



The land has suited th«n well. th at tW| 0*y 



with dormant buds, may be ^ J e ch ecs I *** i 

 feet safety, if .hey do not receiveauy , 



maj bloom next summer.. beB me >f 



Tom/toSacce: K. To "•'l* * Bt .be P»f ^. 

 quite ripe, cut them in two, pre_i lia , -'* Tf/ 

 tne seeds; then put then, in y tne tbic^ ! >< 

 sauce, and a 'ittle salt, w be n or Kftil „ to tb» "frf 



should hare no .ff r "aW <J» 





sauce, ana a 'mie »*». ••--. boi | u i» - f0 e» 

 OTer it lard or butter, »*«•«? f0 ,. »«j|i 



marmalade, put it into jars. 





» 



further information, see P«« » * d pl.ot »» •* „,*{ 



V.nes: RJoAing. If I^Z^S^K £** 

 shows that Vines may b""" 1 * D0( recoil' 

 The ts rlety is pretty, and we 



seen It. . ^ j.p.w.nee to «* ", iu j os 





■^ 





we 





M,.c: MM. With much *5^g*^ 



to publish those of others. « 'l^srd. ^! 9 t*'^ 



.r^ments t"™*^*^' ***£*'* 

 question ; we shall, therefore, , n ^ „»« 



to cause a change in the riew 



important matter. 





