THE GARDENERS 



CHRONICLE 



it 



ings of minnows and lamprej 

 closely to examine the spawi 





exclusion ; if they have, when— where 



ft accomplished, "and where is it recorded |. I know 



that I could never succeed, although I have otten 



deep red orange, and it remains long in perfection, 

 does best in a pot, with fibrous peat and potsherds, 

 with a good supply of water in the growing season. 



Lcelia flava.— This fine species is also Brazilian. Ihe 

 flowers are a rich yellow, inclining to orange, and remain 



Requires the same U'eatment as the 



ations" at our public^xic u ti ^— u^T" 

 we hope to "reform it altogether '.'-J. 



18. 



that 



*' Ingenwu didicisie pint,,,.. 



Emollit mores,-** c m™"?™** 



?*■#** 



jy 



it is the 

 suitable 



tried the experiment ; on the other hand, i 

 <Sest thine imaginable, with due care and a 

 SS£S hatch those that have be^ ^ ^ 

 pregna ted jte « n But J admit, to ^ 



STTil It aScial breeding of trout and 

 uhnon • on the contrary it would materially facilitate 

 Hit would only be necessary to catch a female fish, 

 with the ova ready for emission, and place these ova in 

 clcin Savd n a box, as before described ; but there 

 would be no occasion fo'r males. T. G., CUtheroe. 



( To be concluded in our next.) 



Flowers in August and Septem- 



It does best in a well- 



No. XX. 



long in perfection, 

 former species. 



Hantleya cochleata. 

 ber, and remains long in bloom, 

 drained pot, with fibrous peat and a good supply oi 

 water in the growing season ; afterwards it may be kept 



Jluntleua violacea comes from Demerara. It flowers 

 in July and August, and lasts long in beauty. It does 

 well in a pot with peat, and good drainage, placed at the 



warmest end of the house. 



Oncidium unguicidatum, from Guatemala It flowers 

 from October to January ; the lip is a deep yellow 

 colour This does best in a pot at the coolest end ot 

 the house. It keeps flowering for three months in suc- 

 cession. 



that 



things can be ; for 



Autumn 



«B 



; --? 





"Her work is a mix'd one, of bountv an* „i , 

 She strip, the green garm'ent tCSa nt U? , ,h^ B {. 

 Her voice soundeth • now' with the terror o^f 

 'Now' sighing, scarce waves Nature's »™ ,?"*«- 

 And if at her mandate the falling Uav« ,i * ^ 

 And Earth in her flow'rets no l2?g« " "£T*. 

 She gives to the wheatsheaf its ripTg£fil« 

 And «tu op the Goblet that m P ak f s t£fe W . 



Who is there amongst us that will not j ovon 7' 

 from such a goblet, to the health of so lovelv . -£?* 

 William Kidd. 0> el ? » 8«U*! 



Climate 



.•: 



ORCHIDS FOR THE MILLION 



Bt B. S. Williams, gr.to 0. B. Warner. Esq. Hoddesdoa. 



Cool. — Plants Grown in Pots, 



with Teat. 



Curtockilum macuMum, from Brazil : blooms from 

 February to March ; it docs best grown in a pot, with 

 peat and potsherds ; plenty of water being given in the 

 growing season, but afterwards it should be kept rather 

 dry ; its flowers remain three ur four weeks m perfection. 



CijrtochilumJilipes.^Gn^m^ 9 flowers from March 

 to July, and remains in perfection a very long time ; it 

 does best grown in a pot with peat, and good drainage. 



Cyrtochilum haxtatum, comes from Oaxaca. - It re- 

 quires the same treatment as the former species ; it 



lasts long in bloom. . 



Enidmdrum verrucosim.— This fine species is Irom 

 Mexico. It blooms in June and July, the flowers 

 being of a rich crimson pink, and they remain four or 

 five weeks in perfection. It grows best in a pot, with 

 fibrous peat and good drainage, and it requires a good 

 supply of water while growing. 



Epidendrum vitellinmi majus, from Rosecco, flowers 

 in June and July, and lasts a long time in perfection. 



Epidendrum aurantiacum comes from Guatemala, and 

 flowers from February to March. The blossoms are of 

 a rich orange colour, with a few delicate streaks of 

 rich crimson in them. This is best grown in a pot 

 with fibrous peat and good drainage, and should have 

 the coolest end of the house, where it can have little 

 heat, with a good supply of water while growing. 



Lycaste SkinncrL — A beautiful Guatemala plant, 

 which produces its handsome flowers from November 

 to April. The colour of the blossoms is of a pale rosy 

 purple, the centre being deep crimson ; it does best grown 

 in a pot filled with fibrous peat, and should be placed 

 in" a cool part of the house, where there is plenty of 

 light and but little moisture, except during the growing 

 season. Its flowers remain three or four weeks in 

 perfection. 



Odontoglossum Bictonense, from Guatemala, flowers 

 in February and March, and lasts a long time in bloom. 

 The sepals and petals are green, spotted with red ; the 

 labellum pink. This will succeed in a pot with fibrous 

 peat and good drainage, and a good supply of water at 

 the roots during the growing season. It should never 

 be kept too dry. 



Odontoglossum cordatum, comes from Mexico. The 

 sepals and petals of this plant are spotted with brown, on 

 a yellowish-green ground ; the labellum is white, spotted 

 with rich brown. It flowers from January to March. 



Odontoglossum maculatum, from Mexico, flowers from 



m March to May. This does best in a pot, with peat and 



good drainage, and a liberal supply of water in the 



growing season. Afterwards it may be kept rather dry. 



It lasts long in perfection. 



Odontoglossum pulchellum is a beautiful Orchid from 

 Guatemala. The flowers are white, with the exception 

 of the crest of the labellum, which is spotted with crim- 

 son. They will last four or five weeks in perfection, and 

 are remarkably fragrant. The plant does best in a well 

 drained pot with fibrous peat, and kept in a cool part of 

 the house— rather dry, while in a state of rest. 



Odontoglossum Rossii. — A beautiful plant from Mexico, 

 flowering in November and January, and remainin 

 long in perfection. It requires the same trea 

 the former. 



Odontoglossum Indeayii, from Oaxaca ; does 

 a pot with the same treatment as pulchellum. 



Odontoglossum Egerlonianum.— This fine * F ^ IC 

 from Guatemala ; the flowers are white and last long m 

 ,)Ioom. It does best grown in a pot, with peat and good 

 drainage, and a good supply of water when growing ; 

 afterwards it may be kept rather dry. 



Lcelia cinmbarina.— This beautiful plant comes from 

 Brazil. It flowers in June and July, the colour bei 



only. 



doubt. 



vincing 



BRITISH SONG BIRDS. 



(Cage Birds, No. 34.) 



No. L.— Whilst commenting in a former chapter on 

 the natural instinct of birds, we have asserted that every 

 bird will, in the usual course, sing his own peculiar song 



The truth of this, some of our readers venture to 

 Let me therefore give them one more " con- 

 v " proof that what I, Gilbert White, and so very 

 many others affirm, is strictly correct. 



The redbreast, soon after he has quitted the nest, 

 begins to "record" his song; and early in August he 

 may be heard singing sweetly. From that time till the 

 present he has gone on improving, till now the gardens 

 round London echo to his voice. And mind— his song 

 is thoroughly perfect ; he " rolls " his anthem with the 

 taste of a first-rate performer, and with all the powerful 

 command of an old bird. If it be urged that he learnt 

 his song from his parent, I say " no. 5 ' This is impos- 

 sible, for the old birds do not sing at all, till late in the 

 winter. Their offspring, therefore, are self-taught. 

 Nature is never caught tripping in any of her move- 

 ments. It is ourselves who are in fault for not investi- 

 gating her laws more closely. 



We are asked also, whether we "think, as" most birds 

 of the same species build their nests exactly alike, that 

 the younger are instructed by the older in this matter \ 

 Most assuredly not. Indwelling instinct teaches them 

 this, as well as everything else peculiar to their par- 

 ticular requirements ; 'and each bird adapts his dwelling 

 as nearly as may be to the constitution and well-being 

 of his family. With respect to caution, however, some 

 particular tribes are, from existing circumstances, far 

 more wary than others (the reason for which, we shall 

 discuss more fully anon), and build in situations as 

 difficult to discover as it would be impossible to pene- 

 trate when found. Among the feathered tribe Nature 

 varies her gifts, as indeed occurs amongst ourselves. 

 We are not all equally 'cute ; as some of us, 'ere now, 

 like the denizens of the woods, have found to our cost ! 

 Whilst on the subject of nests, I would entreat all 

 such of my readers as have not carefully examined the 

 artistic excellence of their construction, to do so at the 

 first convenient opportunity. It is a piece of exquisitely- 

 cunning workmanship : 



Home Correspondence 



Transplanting Evergreens.—" When ou»ht T t* 

 my shrubs » -What time of the year J £ „ 

 for planting \ Pray inform me when to comment 

 new shrubberies V 7 are questions repeatedly ^22 

 to those who have to do with garden matters* unmS: 

 ably indicating the fact, that to a large portion of i 

 ested persons, the proper period for such openta* ' 

 not understood. Although in these, as in allouW^ 

 dening operations, no absolute rule exists ; yet wfW 

 data are recorded to render tolerably certain thei*! 

 cess of the operation based upon them. The «?» 

 changing character of the seasons, the kind of aoiLfc 

 situation, and other local circumstances, must ever exm 

 powerful influence, and tend to render caution fan. 

 thought, and skill, indispensable adjuncts to c 

 success. In the 4th voiairie of the "Journal oi4i 

 Horticultural Society," will be found an able treatise 

 this subject, by Mr. Glendinning ; and in the Garimt 

 Chronicle for January 6, 1849, appears an abstract al 

 comment upon it. What I am about to state will sen* 

 to confirm the facts there recorded. A year ortn 

 ago, it was necessary to remove a large quantity of e*r- 

 greens, such as make up the ordinary occupante of the 

 shrubbery. And the circumstances attending their re- 

 moval were such as to extend the period of openfai 

 from the last week in August to the following Mud 

 The soil was a stiff loam, almost clay, very tenaoiai 

 when wet, and by no means tractable at anytiat 

 The shrubs varied in size from such as a 



(< 



It wins my admiration 



i 



(T 

 O 



species is 



eing a 



* There is, h^werer, one fact which would almost lead 

 one to suppose that the ot* are impregnated 12 months before 

 emission It is this.-the male par (salmon fry), are at thin 

 season full of milt, and almost ready for emission ; whilst in 



^\r^ le8 » h !-°^ a « 8 ° m ? X V that - th «y re <l uire * Microscope 

 5hr«H the -!?? m i lvnla .^y; * nd l H e whole owj *■ m^ely like a 

 thread; either the milt of the male is not required to impregnate 

 th«roe of the female, or the roe is impregnated 3^ 

 tmmioit, for the roe of the female P*rJn\£™ r ^ 



M my opinion is, it a femaie 



the & par, which alwaysswarms about the sahn msu twain- 

 beds | and tha experiments of the Duke of B^ti^nmS. 

 keeper (Shaw) tend to prore that this is the "the^me 



«£•*<£ males m*y b* desirable that exists in a helhWe 



Tihera there are, at least, a thousand males for one female ' 



To view the structure of that little work, 



A Bird's nest. Mark it well within ; without. 



No tool had they that wrought, no knife to cut, 



No nail to fix, no bodkin to insert, 



No glue to join. Their little beaks were all ; 



And yet, how neatly finished ! What nice hand, 



With every implement and means of art, 



And twenty years' apprenticeship to boot, 



CODLD MAKE ME SUCH ANOTHER ? Fondly then 



We boast of excellence, whose noblett skill 

 Instinctive genius foils !" 



When Hurdis thus sang, I have no doubt he had a 

 nest on the table before him. It is an object to inspire 

 any poet with song ; and his reflections on the little 

 architect do honour to his muse. 



The further we go with these interesting investigations, 

 the more delighted must we ever feel ; nor can I resist 

 speaking of the gratification I experience in knowing I 

 have so very many readers of a congenial turn of mind. 

 I will now only add, that the instinct of animals, although 

 a subject inexhaustible, and pregnant with the greatest 

 interest, it would not be in accordance with our pre- 

 scribed limits to pursue further at this time, I have, 

 however, received from all quarters, such unbounded 

 encouragement to u touch " on it as occasion offers, 

 that it will be a leading feature in all my observations 

 hereafter. Before concluding, I take leave to introduce 

 a short but pithy anecdote connected with this matter, 

 on which it seems there are " two * opinions. A good 

 friend of mine, a native of Germany li naturalised " 

 here, met me a short time since at the entrance to 

 Madame Tussaud's Exhibition. Regarding me with a 

 knowing look, he remarked,— « My dear fellow, you are 

 on a wrong tack. If you were to write with the pen of 

 an angel (a curiosity, by the way !), who is there in 

 England that would listen to you whilst speaking of the 

 wonders of Nature, when they can see so many murderers 

 in this Exhibition, modelled in wax with all the startling 

 fidelity of life I The English are at heart,'' added he, 

 " essentially a savage people— and you know it." 



Ho*v anxious am I to redeem my countrymen, and 

 our * ladies fair," from so sweeping a censure ! All it 

 my observant and satirical friend had some shmv of 

 truth on his side, as witness the crowda that thron 



could easily carry, to those requiring half-a-daa 

 The latter size were mostly Portugal Laurels, I 

 first month of planting was dry and sunny. After- 

 wards rain was frequent. The plants renw 

 August did not show favourable results. Their 

 assumed in many instances a yellow hue, and a grat 

 portion of their leaves dropped off, and the young tooi 

 not being sufficiently matured, quailed beneath « 

 influence of the autumn sun. Those transplanted! 

 September, especially the latter part, and (X 

 scarcely indicated their change of situation. b« 

 large Portugal Laurels which were taken froml *T 

 tered situation to one exposed, only cast a few of Mr 

 older leaves, to indicate their altered circumstance- 

 will, however, only be just to observe, that at pjWj 

 time, and once or twice afterwards, a f f w &**%* 

 water were given them at the roots. This preowi 

 was taken because it was particularly (feared ig 

 should succeed, and the weather was very drj '* w 

 time of their removal ; but I have no doub U» JJ 

 cess would have followed without the application. » 

 limited scale of planting such can be *PP U ^ V s 

 sive operations hardly so. It becomes, thertf^ 

 matter for consideration whether it is : ™^*+ 

 In looking over the whole of the plants remoM ^ 

 the growing season commenced, ^rious re^ > rf 

 apparent ; but that the months ot wp . 

 October were the most suitable for tran J 

 could not be two opinions. Several *^/^ 

 presented sorry spectacles, * hen Jf^ Hi 

 They lost all their foliage, and many £* J . 



Notwithstanding these iacis, t«-~ - IfiJW 



assigned which shall insure success or tai ^ 

 seen Laurels removed in ^ ia 7\V . ^d this 

 6 inches in length, succeed ^^J ^^ to 



light a soil that no particle of m0 ^f lv « ho wery: ^ 



6 " unusually ww . , 



of transplantrng *» rf 







roots. But the weather was 



remember an instance of ii, nn ts were "> _. 



Rhododendrons, when the young shoo ^ 

 matured. The weather was verj p „ 

 watering-pot supplied mo.sture, and s ^ 

 plete. On another occasion f^^ded^ 

 were transplanted in June, and tney s ^^ 3* 

 They were about 3 feet ^"ft^ to i» £ J 

 cases might be cited, were it ^^Z S W^ 

 enough, I imagine, has been stated 



O. L. 



and the exception 



It is genera ^j* 





this 



The sickly, yellow appearance it n» ^ 

 or eight months in the ye«»* As some 



general adoption ^ijgg^ M 

 may, however, suit it bet term ring ,{, * 

 if any one has succeeded in w $ 



putting on the unsightly garb so c ^ ^ 

 places! I have a tree some^ ^ ^^ 



exceeaingiy muu *>»^ - _ Severe ; ^ "\^ cfc# 

 previou/one, which was moic s£ r ^ t 



season has borne some seeds (they ^^ , 

 cones, being globular); ^LeaaJ^ 

 exceedingly mild one, it ""J^*, ; so ^ 



is constitutional for the 

 rather than the effect of our 



-' 



the Chamber of Horrors, and occupy first-rate situ^ J which mine is placed is a T Y 



















