69-i 



TH 





GARDENERS 5 



CHRONICLE. 



aTrflTtl^rttoT^ soil would have become so 



cracked and minutely subdivided^ in consequence ot 



Now any one acquainted with the latter can easily tell but it must 

 how difficult it is to check their devastating career by | will be troubl 



yet I believe, in 



craeKeu »»« »■ j - M1 «,;«nf- onppaa to the anv sniple, c heao, or enectuai means ; yet j- wiktc, m 



too soil would have been washed into the interstices 



£ t be clods were expanded, and have so filled them as ; thick, and had evi 



unci ^ jt . m m r _ #1%A riAwn. i as metal, and ev 



remark, the tar was not used with a sparing hand ; on 

 the contrary it w 



xi 4 , T t esome to remove 

 that when I had the spot 



ridges, and after beinor tree* , rnm u . - » m^ 



■rom it m the fm^ ^* * 



„ freed fromV^ 11 ^"^ 

 no more of it on the latter. WW 



Or 



to leave only the same amount of fissures for the down 

 ward passage of rain as in the former instance. in 

 matters of this kind extremes are generally bad, 

 and 3 or 4 feet of loosened soil may be as much in excess 



*n**ti 



partially undermined it, it stood like a body of cement. 



Now, having detailed its capabilities in this situation, 



1 I suppose some one will be asking what I think of it for 



I at once unhesitatingly say that I do 



Certainly, it may be 



Oct. 29. 



Cherries and Raspberries 



J 

 of tie 



l n Perfection 



of the requirements of the case, as 3 or 4 inches may be j garden walks. 



olfic^rTco^ider it is a master of degree, resolving j not like it, except in special cases 



deficient. ^^^ e ^ een 10 or 12 inches on the one | made to assume a hard, smooth, level surface, and that 



gards the Cherries described by W% "^ii 

 I should mention that I have twl. *' l***U 



itself into M w . . T 



part, and 18 or 20 on the other ; and a S> such I ven- 

 ture to ask the opinion of any of your practical readers, 

 who will oblige me with the result of their experience m 

 similar cases; kindly bearing in mind it is not large 

 standard trees I require, but small prolific bushes. 

 Richard Vanlen, Lansdown Home, Worcester. 



Forest Trees and Underwood.— -Having missed seeing 

 your Number of September 20th, and that of the pre- 

 vious week having left my custody, I was quite at a loss, 

 on perusing the communication of " G. L." (September 

 27th), to call to mind any observation or remark I had 

 made calculated to offend him in the least degree. ^ My 

 remarks, as far as I can recollect, alluded chiefly if not 

 entirely, to those advanced by " Expertus." If I have 



id any thing unfairly in reference to " G. L." I cannot 

 but regret it : and if he will allow me, I will, with heart 



ugly dark surface may be rendered more agreeable look- 

 ing by a thin coating of fine gravel ; but it is this 

 gravel that makes the walk so disagreeable ; suppose 

 that it is passed through a three-quarter- inch sieve or 



still the small stones left in it are very un- 



Cherrics, small standards, which I k ^ **i 

 ago from Mr. Rivers, ai'id w Mol 11^*3! 



screen 



pleasant to walk upon, resting as they do on a bottom 

 which does not give way to them. If we have the 

 gravel so fine as to be free from such small stones, then 

 it is no better than street mud in wet weather, and the 



o 



summer, and the fruit 

 Two of the kinds are 

 flavour ; another was lai 

 fine fruit. Last year 

 in the summer. 



two if n? t thre 



>out 



»ette*i 



quite ripe and 

 small and sweet, wiJL 

 top and daiVand* 



it had 



r 



winch were neTJl 3 * 1 

 is now mrit. „:_ m .*h 



be en gathered fc ** 



The names under "X ? ** 

 trees were sent out are lost, but the Ktt ** 

 gardener called a Flemish Cherrv Z m *! 

 the late bearing Raspberry introduced bv {ft * 



_ ..,. ._, winch I noticed in your Paper last year jft-J^ 



blackened look of the walk is such a.s to render some be great additions to the autumn dessert TTU** 



11 *u~ • ■ .. 



where 



and good-will, offer him the right hand of fellowship, 



as an opponent of pruning, as he seems satisfied himself 



of its injurious tendency. As my last note referred j— Disease in Cucumbers 



chiefly to what" Expertus' 1 had advanced, as to modes affected this year in exactly the same way as those 



coating necessary wnere appearance is an object. 

 Having said so much against its general adoption, I am 

 not insensible to its merits in some cases, as on steep 

 hills crossings, where there is much wheeling or other 

 dirty traffic, and about door- ways, &c, but beyond that 

 I am unwilling to admit its anti- weed-growing qualities 

 as a compensation for its other inconveniences. An Old 



Gardener. 



My Cucumbers have been 



berries are now in full bearing, and if M^J^ 



canvas, or glass, will continue to yield throuol 



I have, in addition to the common Morelfn <w! 



Buttner Morello frMimit ™w ^.j _ , ^ 



i 



Your comj|^ 



tiie m| 

 in his ending 



of pruning being injurious to timber when grown, I had 

 intended to supplement my former observations by 

 endeavouring to show, that all .pruning systems are also 

 injurious, in retarding instead of facilitating growth, as 

 their advocates would make us believe. Upon con- 

 sideration, however, that the subject had been discussed 

 so amply (I may almost say to exhaustion) in your pages 

 formerly, I thought it hardly worth while to re- 

 open it, but meant to make a remark or two upon 

 the practice (or rather neglect) visible in some 

 otherwise beautiful places, of suffering fine, ornamental 

 specimens of various kinds of trees to be crammed up, 

 and greatly injured by overgrown underwood and self- 

 propagated rubbish that have sprung up around them. 

 It may seem invidious to point by name to any spots 

 "where this is the case, as proprietors may (adopting the 

 late ducal maxim) say they have a right to do as they 

 please with their own. Nevertheless, there can be no 

 harm in naming Claremont as an example of the jevil to 

 which I have alluded. The fine specimens in the plea- 

 sure-ground there were formerly quite obscured and 

 injured by rubbish that had sprung up around them; 

 and the walks hemmed in by close hedges of tall Laurel. 

 Some years ago Mr. M'Intosh, much to his credit, had 

 it completely renovated, clearing away the rubbish, and 

 bringing the fine specimens into view; the beautiful 

 slopes becoming covered with Laurel, Rhododendrons, 

 &c, over which one could see in walking round. In 

 fact, the improvement was such that it could hardly be 

 appreciated but by those who were previously acquainted 

 with the place. I may also mention a place of public 

 resort, where the beautiful, well-kept walks are consi- 

 derably obstructed ; and the many fine specimen trees 

 Kid by useless, not to say injurious, undergrowth. I 

 allude to the Wilderness at Hampton Court ; a word 

 to the wise is enough. In conclusion, I am glad to hail 

 Mr. G. L. as an anti-pruner, and hope he will not accuse 

 wrongfully Qicercus. 



Zauschneria California^ Plumbago Larpentce, and 

 Agapanthus urabellatus.— Observing that the Californian 

 Zauschneria has stood the last two winters out of doors 

 at Claremont, I beg to state it did the same with me in 

 my last sit ition, which was low and damp ; it grew and 

 flowered very freely, without the slightest protection. 



am at P resent l hay e P^nts in full flower, 

 which doubtless stood out last winter and probably the 

 one before. There is also a fine plant of the Plumbago 

 Larpente here, which has been finely in flower for the 

 past month, on a piece of rock-work, where I have no 

 doubt that it has stood the test of two or three winters ; 

 although there are not many of the pips, generally five 

 or six, expanded at one time on the same head, still, as 

 the shoots are very numerous, and most of them pro- 

 produce a head of flower, it forms a verv beautiful little 



!TrLi i may me ^T tliat an Agapanthu* umbellatus 



planted here, on the lawn, some two 



described at page 678 ; every fruit exuding gummy 

 granules, some as soon as they were set, others at a 

 later period, immediately succeeded by an olive-green 

 mould, in consequence of which I have had but three 

 Cucumbers from one of Mills's pits, out of which I have 

 been, in former years, well supplied with from 30 to 40 

 brace, from 12 to 18 inches long — even parts of these 

 three were not fit to be eaten, being brown and hard 



beneath and round the gum. 



mould which the accompanying 

 woodcut represents. It appears 

 to belong to the tienus Dacty- 

 lium, and is, I think, a new 

 species, which may be called 

 " D. gumminosum." Viewed en 

 masse it is olive-green, but as 

 a transparent object it has a 

 whitish gelatinous appearance, 

 stems long and slender, some 

 with short moniliform branches, 

 others bearing at their summits from one to three 

 shuttle-shaped sporidia, which are septate. It may 

 be doubted whether this fungus be the cause or result 

 of the disease. If we only look to the first outward 



we should sav the latter : but 



Buttner Morello against pales, netted • but tW ; 

 is a good bearer, the fruit in size and flavour?.! 

 interior to the common Morello. Dcdman. 

 Samples of Seeds (see p. 677.) 



is quite right in his complaints respecting' th^S 

 cation of seeds, and 1 wish him success " ' ' ^^ 

 to correct an evil which, I regret to say, we 

 have been the means of fostering. I might *ofirtU 

 and include the plant trade as well as that of seedrfc 

 suppose we confine ourselves to the latter at presr 

 let some one well versed in the qualities of thenriM 

 kinds of culinary vegetables step forward aniKre^ 

 list of what is really good, and let the restbefii^j 

 with. I think much good might be effected l» % 

 cussing the merits of various things. For instaoee.b 



I made a drawing of the us say Broccoli ; and what vegetable 



-n 



appearance 



say 



what, 

 then, caused the gummy exudation ? The plants were 

 healthy, even to luxuriance, and produced abundance of 

 fine young fruit ; and your correspondent says, " Heat, 

 moisture, shade, and sunshine were varied 



is of more 

 quence to the gardener than a regular supply of zst 

 heads from October till May. Now to meet tin 

 we have a formidable array of names, and all "aid*! 

 be good ; nay, more than that, some seedsmen go nk 

 as to tell us the exact time in which each individual 

 will come into use. Now this seems all very fine; h 

 I have more than once seen (in June) a tuft of b{ 

 leaves flourishing on the end of a long timber- 

 that ought (according to print) to have been a fcanfi- 

 ful white head of Broccoli in January, 

 things are not uncommon, so let us select say tee 

 or four of the best kinds, such as will protaj 

 the season, and dismiss the rest. And as a I 

 ning, I will venture to recommend the Cape, H 

 cheren, when true, and either the Ticm * 

 Bowies' Sulphur, for late spring Broccolies. Inadditrti 

 to these three, I would have the old hardy spwM 

 and, if the number might be increased, H 



" which comes in before the Wilcove. m 



Cream, 



many others, I have indulged my penchant ion 

 for many years, and, perhaps to a little extent, majt 

 so again ; but amongst a host of kinds I hare m 

 these to he the best Broccolies. If **r 

 forward, and name what they have 



in every 

 possible way, with little or no effect" I did not ex- 

 amine the gum as soon as it appeared, in order to 

 detect a mycelium, if it existed ; but the mould ap- 

 peared, I may almost say, so simultaneously with the 

 gum, that I am of opinion it was there, and that the 

 gum was forced through the skin by the irritating action 

 of the mycelium upon the tissue. *An Old Gardem r " 



asks if much more is known of the Potato di than spring ones come in. _ 



in 1846. If he looks into the Horticultural Society's tion to these things, and for more than two y 



>r that year, and the Roval Agricultural never been without either Cauliflower -or f 1 |f 



Journal for 



Society's Journal published" in the end of las 



iui'warii, ana immv wn«« "»w — •- try 



be good, we may then get to know the very test » 

 we want in this way is a regular supply from wj 

 the autumn Cauliflowers cease to be useu JIJ 



have paid a good deal aim 



year, I 



table. An Old Gardener. [ We should be gad 



k 



Where I 



in such a case they must give their 'names au« 

 \v~ „* .1«« m & that the "trade" can taierar 



.ected with the aJg 



apprehend he will not desire to know much more about I tion of this kind ; but our wW^'JJ JJj »^» 

 it unless it be to cure it ; indeed, most people are now I " ' " ' ~" ,K """ ,! " Tie 



satisfied that it is caused by the fungus Botrytis infes- 

 tans. F. J. Graham, Cranford. 1 ob rve that infor- 

 mation is solicited respecting the spot on Cucumbers and 

 Melons; and as I have combated that enemy twice 

 during these last 14 years, I beg to offer a few remarks 

 on the subject. My first acquaintance with it was in 

 1837. I was then living at Sandy Place, Bed rdehire. 

 Un examining my plants with a magnifying glass, I found 



We must also add, that the 



in the discussion.] . , ,. _!,« 



1 is and a-«pes.-As connected w*"J« £ 



Mr. Hi vers' communication, at page o > , ' lt 



ish to propose a qu&M* 



tion, I should w 



I have 



***" 



desirous of obtaining late FJgfc * ""'^ieW 

 artificial heat. Would it be better to re rf fc 



crop according to Mr. F^£%ZV^f t 



r v i *'., , , ue iawn ' mxa ^ two or three years since 

 flowers beauufully in the summer, without !ny j JS 



E. Sanders, Rmgtwood Lodge, 



tion during winter. 

 Engleficld Green. 

 Tarred Walkt, 



a ^ery minute insect, very red and shining, but quite first crop, and by accelerating tie w « ^i 



different to the red spider. I have discovered as many the ho.se much closed) to depend on . « j*"^* 



3 eight or ten of them in a hole in the Cucumber, whmi The trees are in pots. From the -D" tnt h«*** 



ridges. 



As some of your readers so strongly 

 T*."y£? ,H ™ wall «» on the score of their utility and 

 durability and mention instances in which they have 



SSSu WC T r u and tear 0f ordinar ? ^^ f«r » eon! 



™%t 'T'i H* t0 remind the ^ that a*" »» 



cases m which they W stood a much more severe test 

 that of whee barrows, carts, carriages, or even 

 L however heavily krW «,.„, «.„„!.' .- 



than 



waggons. 



R2 eight or ten of them in a hole in the Cucumber, where 

 the gum had oozed out, and the part had become dry. 

 It is generally to be found on the fruit and on the under- 

 sides of the leaves. The three years during which I 

 was troubled with it in frame s I had it equally bad on 



Towards the close of th<; third year I had all 

 my frames painted, and the lights dressed with hot lime- 

 wash, and the following season I was quite free from it, 

 both m frames and ridges. I sent several specimens of 

 the msect to Mr. Cur ., who said it was a species of 



I moved into Norfolk in 1842, where I have 

 seen nothing of the msect or spot, although the former 

 was ngully looked for. In 1844 the spot and insect paid 

 me another visit. m - »-"— --■ ■- tl P«*'« 



The trees arc in pots, r rom »•- .— _ ^ 

 good first crop fruit, but the Ncm see™ ^ 



■a* 



energies towards the second crop. / d bJ t 



that I tried this year a plan recM** ^ 

 your correspondents, viz., to keeps f J t J>J 



night, the top sashes « * \»«*£$L***% 

 or side air. This plan which I ^"^ •» £ 



! 



or side air. 

 coloured 



Ixodes. 



colours (when a little front ^-^ 

 * cecded perfectly, and the .Grapes t 

 f._ t _:„u* „„_i;«- than under the om *j . a ^ 



i 



m . , vily Un theV^^Sye b en- ZZnlllT F" tff l " e &t dc «™° «S 



S heT mb v, r f° me ^'^ a =°> 0n - alki 4 by the side' ESC^t 11 ^ Sf? * fi " a11 / C0 »V^ " i» the fol- 

 ot the river -Med way, that several places alonir its banls 

 wlnch_had broken away were repaid with "he SS 



lowing: 



way,— I put a lar-e tablespoonful of arsenic into 



fortnight earlier than unaer w- --^ ^ , 



Cre for Weeds on fft^Jti "'* 

 tion, I may mention that .the r ^ m 9 

 lead mines in this neighbourhood ^ ^ 

 N.I5), forms excellent 

 50 " " 



the refuse jf^c** 



until 



mixture you recommend for walks. In certain nU*^ 

 the ground was raised, and its top, and t ^ aide ne^ l e 

 water, protected by a coating of the materiS Z „ 

 *™, the whole b'eing used^I believe) tt Unl" 

 £t.\ bl l thG P.-P-ation of tar, &c ./was s^p^ed fn 



from the ravages of floods. 



* -, -«. viiu j»rcpan 



order to protect the bi 



•nk 



1 



e 





years ago remam u«m »- The re fose« 4 

 any kind, or'even moss, on hem. , ^ 

 leid mines in the near neigh bo » ' 5, ^e p^j 

 fatal to I**!. Kfe / ^£S*»J 



a gallon of water and well washed all my frames witi 

 »t, particularly the joints, which I fi]] e d full of tin 



teSS^S?"* the frame . s , u P O" "'. ir sides and ends, 

 n order that every part might I>e well saturated. This cannot mys 

 be undone I had the fames whitewash I inside and out . r J 



U. hot lime and water. I had the lights washed with add, that both gravels are 

 the arsenic water, winch I applied with the eyringe. and i Behavu r of PlanU W '"* sme m* 

 I afterwards whitewashed them the same as tin- frames j ' Coat-fit.- Allow mc to tell jouaooi 



of sulphur in the former , a- - s *o» ^ 



cannot myself vouch &****£§ *f} 



tl 



throat of 



0*. 



w { 



m 





