THE HARDENERS 



CHRONICLE 



i 



ie 



g c - 



h«ftj ■>, or tin jwwww w r rpcommeiulea 



part of the 1'nwmn decree might !> e ™f^ vVoods 

 to fte special attenti- n of the Commoners of ^ £> 

 £,l FS The first «, i-J^JS ££ 

 with in the manner prescribed, but the sec 



in till tho treee fir-t ^J",*^ be . 



^alnlTaTid Asm -us, by introducing successions at 



State of the Weather at ChiswicM7nn«r * ^ 

 « " * £ £ £ » A ^o. of _ I i 



Nov, fc-aS ESs S3 Years in Great** M 



OV. 8 



degree of growth 



alley of 



m 



> nETttust be given to the Crown, and special per- 

 JiSmdSd eri fthe heads of the doomed Poplars 

 ^Z Sfore this general sentence. The decree is ac- 

 SSwbv a dia|rarn, representing the present con- 

 SHf the' avenue the foil period of the change, or 

 mmnd<»n{,,*hcn Oaks and Chestnuts will have been 



mw: ud 32 the pivsMir pwth, ud the second ported 



when the substitution will be complete. 



/rv ./I / "II Us. — A correspondent of the 



« i | 1:i s and Upholsterers' Guide " says, The 



butt og I ha\ to mention on the subject ot damp 

 relates to Iw on tenor walls of buildings. Its effect 

 on walls is, that il it does not entirely eradicate damp, 

 it ma I t> be a repellent placed on the ej 



terior. I ltad my attention drawn to a case .of this 

 Sicription, ifhere damp had prevailed tor a length of 

 • in tho walls of an apartment, but Ivy having grown 



op t a *r the opposite exterior side, the affecte 

 part* inside hi become dry. Tin gentleman. In whose 

 house IobaerT--i tho Improved ehange, accounted for 



\ I think, with much reason, namely, that the close 

 overhanging pendant ' v. , prevented the rain or 



m ttare fcum p.»n< atincj to the wall, contrary to all 



other trees which are tr.- led for bearing fruit. 1 'dder. 



and 

 e general 



Calendar of Operations. 



(For the ensuing week.) 



PLAHt DEPARTMENT. 



Orchid v a Plants.— To assist such of these plants 

 as have completed their growth, in goin^ quietly to 

 rest, the atmosphere of the house should be kept 

 ♦gradually cooler ; or perhaps it will generally be more 

 convenient to remove them to a cooler house. A 

 l nation something milar to that in which Cactuses 



. how- 



are wintered will be very suit le, taking 

 ever, ne\ : to allow the temperature to fall below 45° 

 or general species. Some few will endure a lower 

 temperature uninjured, hut these are exceptions. At 

 th i.m<- time excess of damp must be studiously 

 avoided I \ eai illness in watering, and by admitting 



jufFtcient air to dry up and expel the superabundant 



moisture. Let the roof sashes be made perfectly clean, 

 that the rays of light may be as little impeded as pos- 

 sible ; hut while the house is under cool treatment in 

 winter, it is not advisable to allow the tender species to 

 bang too near the glass, as the temperature there is 

 more liable to variation, and the foliage of the ever- 

 green varieties is often injured thereby. Let drip be 

 carefully guarded against, for if it fall upon the roots of 

 the plants, it will injure if not destroy them ; or it will 

 excite them into growth, which is scarcely less objec- 

 tionable. Dendrobiums, Rcnantheras, Ceelogynes, &c, 

 should now be removed to a cool dry house, to prepare 

 them for dowering. Any plants which are unfortu- 

 nately producing young growths, out of their natural 

 season, should be placed at the warmer end of the 

 house ; but the temperature even there must be very 

 moderate, as the object is not to stimulate them, but 

 merely to keep them in such a state of gradual pro- 

 gression as shall prevent their perishing. 



FOROMQ DEPARTMENT. 



Pineries.— Furnishing bottom-heat by means of hot 

 water has made the management of Pines during winter 

 so simple a matter, that a very brief space will suffice 

 to give all the necessary directions. The moderate 

 bottom-heat required to keep them in a gentle growing 

 state, and top-heat, laden with any required degree of 

 moisture, and sufficient to allow of the free admission of 

 au are given with equal facility. The amount of 

 moisture raised within the pit must never be very great 



ni , . . > y here dung, leaves, and tan are still The 

 materials employed to furnish the necessary amount of 



weather. 



top 

 creasin 



sin or decreasing its power, according to the Dar 

 ticolar requirement of the weather, rendel it a neces- 

 sary preca l0 n to keep up a stronger heat than s 



TTSLT^ aUd t0 m0derate !t In ~ "<Shei 

 / ffi a ("*? •Anmsion of air, that there may be less 



2Si % J *V g UP th€ ^perature when I sudden 

 I 1 !^!:^ 1 ^ 3 *]"*• In Pits where such means are 



much more tender and delicate than when grown in 

 dirk place \ they should, therefore, when their shoots 

 appeaf above ground, have all the light and air possible. 

 We force this favourite vegetable in frames, which, 

 during summer, are occupied by Melons The bottom 

 heat, produced by hot water pipes, is turned on veiy 

 moderately at first, and afterwards gradually increased 

 when the roots are fairly in motion. A portion of the 

 stock of the three last mentioned vegetables should be 

 mulched over with some decayed litter as soon as pos- 

 sible, that the warmth of the earth may be retained. 



FLOWER GARDEN AND SITRUBBERIES 



All possible advantage should be taken of the few 

 shrubs which flower during winter, such as Laurustmus 

 Erica carnea, Polygala Chaimebuxus , Menziesia and 

 , ther^. The display may be materially assisted by a 

 judicious selection of variegated plants^ the cold *** 

 silver tints of which contrast prettily with th 

 dark green, and at a short distance they may easily be 

 mistaken for flowering plants. Early flowering herba- 

 ceous plants may be planted near the outsides, and still 

 nearer to the edge; belts or patches of Hyacinths, Tulips, 

 Crocuses, and other bulbs, may he planted. In addition to 

 the above, we make use of a choice selection ot hardy 

 evergreen shrubs, such as Rhododendron ponticum, 

 Pernettya mucronata, Gaultheria, Tree Box, &c. Ihese 

 are removed with good balls of earth, and in spring are 

 returned to their places in the reserve garden. Take 

 care also to have a constant succession coming on of 

 various sizes, so that when any of them are grown too 

 large for the purpese, they are finally planted out in 

 appropriate clumps. 



HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 



During this frosty weather, mulching may be wheeled 

 on for newly planted fruit trees, or for such as are to be 

 planted. Standard Currant trees may.be staked and 

 pruned. The operation of training wall trees is performed 

 with greater ease and comfort, and consequently with 

 much^saving of time, if commenced early in the season, 

 so that the best weather may be devoted to it. The first 

 operation is to loosen the trees from the walls, and if it 

 be admissible, the latter should have a coat of colour, 

 that all insects and their embryo may be smothered ; 

 otherwise, they may at least be well washed with clean 

 water from an engine. If nails and shreds are used, 

 let the former be made hot, and dipped in linseed oil, 

 for the double purpose of destroying insects, and 

 preventing rust ; and let the best of the old shreds be 

 boiled, washed, and dried, previously to being re-used. 

 Those who intend to apply the method of using fixed 

 studs, and tying the trees to them with bass mating, 

 will of course take this opportunity of doing so. Where 

 the common mix's or shreds have been long used, 

 it will be necessary to rake out and re-point all 

 the joints ; the studs are then to be fixed in at suitable 

 distances, and the wall is ready for retraining. At the 

 same time, let diseased trees and inferior varieties be 

 removed, and after carefully preparing their stations let 

 better plants, from other parts of the garden, or young 

 trees from the nursery, be planted in their stead. By 

 carrying on these operations together, a larger number of 

 labourers may be usefully employed, thus keeping the 

 force together. The handier men will of course be 

 selected for that part of the work which requires the 

 greatest care and dexterity. Previous to the trees 

 being retrained, they should be washed over with the 

 following mixture, to destroy any insects with which 

 they may be infested. To one gallon of water, add 

 about a pint of tobacco water, a quarter of a pound of 

 soft soap, and half a pound of sulphur, with sufficient 

 lime and soot to give it the colour and consistence of 

 lead coloured paint. 



KITCHEN GARDEN. 



If Cardoons and Celery have made any growth since 

 they were earthed up, they may begone over again, and 

 a little more soil drawn up around the collars of the 

 plants, to assist in blanching them, and in preserving 

 them more effectually from the frost. It is most fortu- 

 nate for tender vegetables (though not for many other 

 things) that we had so heavy a fall of snow on the night 

 of the 3d inst., a3 they would otherwise have suffered 

 severely from the 12° of frost on the following night. 

 Such things as Beet, if not already housed, should be 

 as soon as possible. We are to-day (Nov. 5) filling our 

 ice-house. 



Sunday 9 

 Mod. 10 

 Tues. 11 

 Wed. 12 

 Thurs. 13 

 Friday 14 

 Satur. 15 



he • 



51.0 

 51./ 



51-4 

 52.3 

 51.1 



49.2 

 49 





36.3 

 36.8 



3J.7 

 35.5 



36.2 



33.1 



36.4 



fa 





N o. of 



Years in 

 which 



Kained. 



gnu* 



Quantity 



of Raul -, i . 



1 * J 111 





State of the Weather near London, for the weefc ending Nov, f». 1861. 



as observed at th« Hnrt'ir*nltu»*l no.-t nr , ni,i in „.i. 



as observed at the Horticultural Garden, Clnswick. 



used, air 



escape. When there is evidence of a decline ' 



to 

 the 



Oct. 

 and Nov, 



' be 



a 



c 



c 



bottom temperature, let a litUe fr'h ZT , I 

 in Uttngrt 'the pots and even o ft * Vmh f 



such c^ it i 8 oft- r necesirv to "^ ^ In , 

 the ok! surfacing materia., beTor feT ' P ° rt, ° n ° f 



Without 



new is put in. 

 very careful workmen 



without go.ng amongst the plants, that th bZ ! 

 damaged ; fornot! \ is more injurious to theWU,' "^ 

 appearance of the plants than nmtila inVtW r* 

 Fokc,o I,x s .- We a sufficient 4V f Rhife; 



I >iday.. 31 



Satur. .. 1 



Sunday # 2 



Monday 3 



Toes. ., 4 

 Wed. ,. 

 Thurs... 



Barombtkb. 



TXMriEATURB 



Of the Air. Ottbe Earth 



J 



lax. 



3 



s 



9 

 10 



b 12 

 13 



Average.... 



29M-2 

 29.613 I 

 29.550 

 29-920 

 80.002 

 30.084 ! 

 29.870 I 



Min. 



29 602 

 29.559 

 29.336 



29.7 > 9 

 29.7R2 

 29.884 

 29.846 



Mln.'MeanA_ toot2 . fce « 



Wind. -S 



c 

 PS 



29.807 ! 29.673 



The highest temperature dTtrTn^thT^b^r^-TT 

 13U-therm. 63 deg. , and the lowest on &mb8 



October 3I-Fine; exceedingly fine; ovprcpst. 



i"^ vepcA ? t ;,*•? flli « i clear and fine. 



i* JV ne s hMl **; ower al * P >n. clea, at night. 

 3-Hoa-frost cle,r; veryrine; cloudy- 

 4 -Ram; flue but C i.ld; sligbtlv con- 



ram. 



o-Uear and frosty; cWr and tine ; cloudy rain 

 6-Clear; fine throughout. ' * ' 



Mean temperature ol the week, 7J deg. below the 



occunM 



»< 



Notices to Correspondent* 



V Jhe Editor's absence on the Continent «JJ5 



a few questions till his return. 



compeli 



*t 



Amatecr Tdlip Society : E T C. We declined; 

 repeat that we have examined all the com! 

 have given our best attention to it, and we hirl j 1 * 

 enquiries, all which prevent oar entertaining 

 doubt that this Society has allowed 3 ^ 

 egregiously misled. " w N _ - 



Asparagus : S Y. It is a good time to transplant Anamm _ 

 as early in February as the weather will permit Alp * , Pi 

 Back Numbers.— Full price will be given far 1 t. 



Numbers: 1844—36; 1846-25; 1850-41/ ■*% 



Birds : J T. By some mischance, your note dated (U *a 

 not reach us till Nov. 3, too late for us to reply l£2j * 



left Wexford. If this comes under your n>tietdto»' 

 Leeds, we beg to tell you that we know no dealer kill 

 residing there to whom we could recommend you for 2 



London alone can supply it. tfcS 



■ 



jou are in search of. 



for 



e 



:>r the kind hint about the hollow perches • the STl 

 xcellent.— T F. Your bird is weak and husky. fliJtkj! 

 some boiled milk for two days, instead of water- wik 

 fortnight a little scraped raw beef (lean), mobfeut^ 



water. He viill soon recover.— awxis. ine cost woo!i > 



Spes. Try one or two Hemp-seeds tmrnt* 



Dto* 



about Gs.— Si _ __ r w 



general food. It will warm your bird's^stomact 

 tinue all green meat.— Ninetta. Ye6 ; you, too, ire to fa 

 blamed; dirt alone has injured your bi^'s feet/ 8 «ktksi 

 carefully in warm water before attempting tortmortfr 

 "pellete."— 5 P. Warmth is the only remedy now left m 

 Theee open cages are fatal to many thousands of birds it 

 this season. — Penelope. The mealy-coloured birds an W fr 

 the stronger of the two, and generally sing besWC 

 Elder-berries and ants' eggs.— B W. Certainly not. U]m 

 do, cramp will be the inevitable consequence.— ftoryfa* 

 Let the front only be of open wire-work.— John L Rdfefc 

 the Gardeners" Chronicle of Feb. 1. W, K. 



Books: R 8. Moore's "Handbook of Ferns."{-f. Apply n 

 Mr. Cuthill, Denmark-hill, CamberwelL-G A P. flirt 

 •• Modern Gardener.*'! 



Cucumbers: Beginner. Soil composed of th ree- fourth 1 Ml 

 rich mould from an old pasture, one-eighth vegetable WW, 

 and one-eighth rotten dung, will produce Cucumbm it 

 abundance. Keep the temperature of the bedsato*a* 

 at night, allowing about 10° of a ri^ in sunshine. 

 night with mats, but they should always be remoTed bjm. 

 ri>e, in order to admit all the light possible to the pints. 

 This is very essential to their welfare.}-./ D. Cuthill'* * Mwfc 

 Spine is a good Bort for early forcing, as well as for apMil 



Heating: W R F. t Dublin. We have no objection to the 

 of beating about which you enquire, i t 



Hyacinths: L. Hyacinths which have been grwnm poaii 

 the usual way may be removed into glasses when tie flowrs 

 begin to show colour. The bulbs should *en bap« 

 shaken from the soil, the roots washed m J^/™* "** 

 and placed in the glasses, which should be filled mthwiwt 



the sam e temperature. t , ft trt - 



Insects: A Constant Subscriber. Your Ymes and OrtW *»■ 

 are badly infested with the common thnw. tamw » 

 repeated fumigations are the best remedy, w. 



Name, of Fruits :^0 <B. 1>**™™&^" 

 gamot; 4, Beurre Bosc ; 5, ruc ° e " e an Q , h , ir !. 2 Go*4« 

 Winter Nells ; 7, Marie Louise. 1, Hoi landb urj ; , ^ 



Reinette; 4, Beauty of Kent ; *'^^"k*~ 

 heim P.ppin; 10 11, King rf ^e «» npa U; fl, 

 Til pin; 15, Royal Russet ; l ^}^}^ & nl a.^GnM 

 Mmchali Crab ; 22, Dumelow'i Seed ling; W$£El 



that of the Blenheim Fippm.|--t *, v j ohm - H M 



you sent under the local name ot ^° d ne f ' om8I |,rfi| 

 known by any other. The seedling raised tr. 0^ + 

 Scarlet Siberian Crab, supposed to -have ^g* 



Greer.up Pippin 



hibttrf 



ngly, That it d^erv^s trial by those ^ - ;— ,* 

 making cider. The other seedling « not p^ 



Kibston ^P^V^ Mauks' CodM 



the Pippta^S * scarlet MJ 



Golden Reinette; 19, Norfolk Beaufin ^ hne ^.% J 



▼ati0D.ll— JB F T. 1, 

 10. 11, 14, 1C>, King of 



reii 



21, Norfolk' Beaufin; 24, York»hi re ^ j 



Easier Pippin, or French Crab ; 2«, ^ ,, T ^h 



UA W. 2, King of the PiPP»« >-% Bedfordita" WJ 



Fil*»' 



ling J 8, perhaps King of the P PP«« • ;.„ NoD p.r« 

 " riston ; 12, Bringewood ; 1*» fae Londo , 

 ,n ; 17,'Margil, and along J* "it fof cun ,p. 



11, Alf 



Downton 



Is. Id. was 



PiPP* 



18, Beauiy of K^L^/.* iTEM ]* *^'^J 



Nonpareil: E, Mere de *> en fK e / "J e6 diing; »< \ 

 Yellow Inges'trie; N, Duuaelow . »g \J iW ; ij 



Reinette ; P, Norfo.k ^^JA^;^ 



Abbey Pearmain ; 8, Bedt0T ° c " Tr [ K e-^ * 

 Louise ; C, Beun e Ranee. Carr^r 



«„t . n H in,i. was charged. II ., i e tter, aiK ^* 1 





out, and 1M. was charged. II . y£d letter, f^fr 



Names of Plants : ^^"'S.Su comiog! *'*** 

 1851. Many thanks for what is ce y0 ttf % ^ 

 leieure would enable m to do more^ ^ ^ ^ 



idiuni ^"^"rD-cuP^ 

 rrhO-Forbesi..-r^The^ r ,,^ 



Ivory Nut -*»*»• *• *% ' j batuffl. /•'/' - 



Trichomanes • 6, Polyst "h«m ^ ald.-m'* ••-» 

 Ionia monreTidens.s ; 2, , HeU« wiU suit yoor 



— T " M ' ^"lotLeRoyalGeorf- b , t J- 



communications. 



Wn 



tot 



the 



ds^ 



<■' 



Peach Trees 



form a succession to ine * ""'■ r ^ e least 

 Potatoes : O W. TVe do not m g ^j 



or to what you refer. f r towing J moo^ 



St.ces: Cymro. TJietiine*^ frames^ d ** 



k# 





average 



right, but they were kepv er ^ 



long. Matc hwo "i dh * Ve n ^yno'. b0 "^t*«#!& 

 in getting a good bloom, ^ B ' stock" <«. M *,-*• 



to (hi, i as we have seen Bron P b tor e ( 



of a spurious kind) stand * *, not ••" Wo o»*« 

 ; nd when they did flower they doubl e, 



King single; and those to u-ina^J* 



*b l " ,v -t „ nA .his about the M' ^ !f w 



Wistaria : Reader. P^fl'"^ half «V b > C ' ^ , M 

 cut the leading shoots aboui ^^ , 



others in rather short I reccl ve i" 



Misc.: TS. We shall be glad 

 wUl come free by post. 



■:- : 



• 



