THE GARDENERS' CHRONIC 



t« nirt with mv library and liable to the attack of both a black as well as white para- 

 to part wttn my nwwj/™ i _ u: _, AiBmM The leaves affe cted must be cut away ; 



emove the affected plants from the 

 others, giving plenty of air, the want of which, and late 

 planting, superinduce these serious evils. Pansies, 

 Pinks, Carnations, &c, on beds, should, if in exposed 

 places, be protected ; the best material is small pieces 

 of the Spruce Fir. Hoop over Tulip beds, and cover 

 in severe weather. The tops of the spike being now 



stance* which force me to part wun my hiuim, ~« , *" . - f Th 



herbarium. Having no prospect of a pension, and no sitical lungus. in 

 Solicit favours in high places, I address myself and, ,f possible r 

 SS members of the Academy, and to my friends and o -rs givu^g p en 



to the members of the Academy, and to my friends and 

 contemporaries, begging them to exert themselves in 

 trying to dispose of my collections. If my library and 

 herbarium could be sold as a whole, I should be able to 

 realise their value, and would consider that amount as 

 an acknowledgment of 30 years' academical services, ilie 

 herbarium consists of 297 packets in folio and 42 packets 

 in quarto, and contains 80,000 sheets. It is valuable on 

 account of being chiefly made up of exotic specimens, 

 including plants collected by Sieber, Preiss, Wallich, 

 Wight, Ecklon, Zeyhcr, Drege, Pappe, Wied, and others, 

 ami re presenting most fully the floras of Mexico, IN ew 

 Holland, North America, Brazil, Southern Africa, the 

 East I.ilies, and Europe. What renders it still more 

 important is its containing the original specimens on 

 which my monographic labours, the dissertation on the 

 Laurioen, Solaneie, Acanthacete, Hepaticte, Asterese, 

 Cypi wese, Graminese, and Restiacece, are founded. 



urmer 

 kitchen use : 



rut. 



M 



Bedfordshire Foundl ng Yo^!^ ^^W ***£ 

 Waltham Abbey Seedling. U rkShlre Qreenin *. %**?*£ 

 Back Nombebs. Fall price will 

 Numbers :— 1846, 25 ; 1818, 



A G. Much obliged but 1 ' , " - 18 51, 24 » 

 d in th« P.1. g °' bat tteonlj require uH'* 



IV 



The library is composed of 3000 volumes, embracing the 

 standard works of Natural History and Natural Phi- 

 losophy. It is to be sold in Brelau, on the 1 st of May, 

 185-, by public auction, and commissions will be received 

 by the Schlettersche Bacbhandlung in Breslau, or any 

 other great bookseller on the continent. The herbarium, 

 if it cannot be sold as a whole, is to be disposed of in sets. 

 It has been valued at 12,000 thalers, the Laurinerc at 

 280 thalers, the Acanthacese at 600, and the Glumacese 



at 3000^ Botanical da tie. 



Sale of Orchids. — Twenty-six lots of Vanda cserulea 

 were sol I by Mr. Stevens, on Tuesday last. They 

 fetched from 1/. to 8Z. per plant. 



Calendar of Operations. 



(For the ensuing iveelc.) 



PLANT DEPARTMENT. 



In this department the chief things to be attended to 

 during the present dull weather is to keep as low a tern- 

 perature as is consistent with the health of the plants, 

 as a high close atmosphere will, in a few days, do more 

 injury than can be repaired in months of care after the 

 mischief is done. Ventilate with judgment ; but let 

 there be ventilation even where the most tender plants 

 are kept ; and, if at the cost of a little extra fuel, to 

 maintain the necessary temperature in connection with 

 a circula ion of fresh air. Where this advice is adhered 

 to, there will be no sickliness for want of light. Water- 

 ing will require to be done with great caution, and we 

 cannot do better than repeat the simple directions 

 we have so frequently given, that is, never to 

 water till the soil immediately below the surface ia 

 sufficiently dry to warrant a full supply. Be careful to 

 prevent sourness in the soil ; as, if this takes place, and 

 is not rectified, the loss of the roots will be the conse- 

 quence. Avoid spilling water on the floor when water- 

 ing, and endeavour by every means to maintain a sweet 

 and not over damp nor over dry atmosphere. 



FORCING DEPARTMENT. 



very near the surface, this precaution is essentially 

 necessary. 



KITCHEN GARDEN. 



•evious to the general manuring and trenching of 

 vacant ground, the rotation of crops which are to be 

 cultivated upon it during the ensuing summer, should 

 be decided upon. One of the first principles to be 

 attended to in this arrangement i3 that no annual crop 

 be grown for two successive years on the same plot of 

 ground. Another variation should be made by taking 

 care that those crops which immediately succeed each 

 other are not such as are liable to be preyed upon by 

 the same kind of insect, as their increase is encouraged 

 to a fearful extent by thus putting in their way the food 

 of which they are most fond. It is important that both 

 the manuring and the depth of the trenching be regu- 

 lated by the requirements of the crops ; and their 

 rotation should be so arranged, that the ground be not 

 trenched to. the same depth for two successive seasons, 

 but so that different portions of the soil be brought to 

 the surface in turns. The perennial or permanent crops 

 will of course form a class by themselves, as they do not 

 require a change of situation for many years ; but when 

 this is necessary with any portion of them, the ground 

 from which they are removed will fall into the ordinary 

 rotation in the way of a regular exchange. By culti- 

 vating the Celery and Cardoon on the Scotch or wide 

 bed system, a large ridge of soil is thrown up between 

 the trenches, the surface of which is excellently adapted 

 for the cultivation of dwarf Peas, Beans, Spinach, 

 Turnips, and similar vegetables ; observing, however, 

 that only the earlier sowings of these several crops 

 should be made on these ridges, that they may be 

 removed in due course, before the ground is required 

 for earthing up the principal crop. As a matter of 

 course this arrangement must not interfere with the 

 very earliest crops of Peas, &c, which are generally 

 allowed a place on the side borders near the walls. For 

 the latest crops of Peas, &c., a portion of ground must 

 be allotted, which, with that occupied by the Celery and 

 Cax % doon ridges, will generally amount to about one- 

 third of the ground occupied by annual vegetables. The 

 extensive turning over which the Celery and Cardoon 

 soil undergoes, acts admirably in preparing the ground 

 for deep rooting plants, such as Turnips, Carrots, 

 Onions, &c, and in the following year may be devoted 

 to the cultivation of the Cabbage family, whose roots are 

 confined more nearly to the surface. If the vegetable 

 garden is so large as to allow of the cultivation of a 

 portion of the general Potato crop within the walls, it 

 will form a fourth course in the rotation, and will come 

 in after the Brassica tribe. Working upon this system, 



\J£ i e -! ie i at i°^ th f Utter ab °i lt the /°° t3 ? f Vines : Cabbages have been planted during the autumn on 

 lately excited be daily examined ; and see that it is ground which had been occupied by late summer Tur- 

 nips ; and the ground which now requires trenching is 



regularly kept at a temperature of 60°, until the Vines 

 are coming into leaf, when a slight increase of heat 

 should be obtained. 



It will be well, however, not to 

 exceed 70° for some time yet ; as too great a degree of 

 root heat produces a weakly growth. The temperature 

 of the atmosphere should be kept at 50° by night, and 

 6*0° by day, until the buds are all startin 



- „ . , when a rise 



of one degree each night may be indulged in, until you 

 arrive at 58° or 60°, with a corresponding increase by 

 day, according to the out-door temperature. But it will 

 not be safe to go beyond 60 Q by night ; and a small 

 portion of air should be always allowed, to keep the 

 atmosphere sweet, and in motion. With sun heat a 

 rise of 10° with a gradual increase of air, must be 

 obtained as often as possible ; and to assist in this, 

 the heat m the pipes must be increased early, whenever 

 * is the appearance of sunshine. 



that from which the later Turnips, Onions, Carrots, 

 Beet, &c, have been removed, and which will next 

 spring be planted with Cauliflower, Broccoli, &c. 

 Preparation for these should be made by trenching in a 

 very heavy dressing of manure, which shall serve for 

 that and the succeeding crop ; as the last few years have 

 fully convinced us of the impropriety of planting Pota- 

 toes on ground recently manured. 



there i a uw appearance or sunshine. Peaches in 

 pots should now be brought into the house, and plunged 

 in Oak leaves, that are in a slightly fermenting 

 atate ; ^ to 60° in the plunging" material, whaf- 



W T 7 J^ 9 wiU be anient faring the 



tmt month. The atmosphere should be 45° to 50° 

 £>' night, and 55« to 60* by day. Syringe frequently 

 during fine weather, but never when damp. A Jricots, 



Sute of the Weather Dear London, for the week ending Dec. 18 1851 



as obaerved at the Horticultural (iarrfpn r.iti*«,i«ir 



Dec. 





- 



Babombtib. 



TlMPBKATV&B. 



Friday.. 12 



Satur. .. 13 



Sunday . 14 



Mouday 15 



Tue». .. 16 



Wed. .. 17 24 



Thurs. .. IS 25 



id 

 20 



21 

 % 





Average 

 Dec. 



• • . 



Max. 



30.516 



30.404 

 30.472 

 30.437 



30.165 

 30.301 

 30.135 



I 



Min. 



30 442 



aosy 



30.416 



30.387 

 30.336 

 30.232 



30.136 



Of the Air. 



30.383 30.334 



Max. 



38 

 44 

 41 

 40 

 43 

 44 

 4i 



42.1 



Min. Mean 



Ofthe Earth 

 I foot 2 fret 



deep. deep. 



Wind. | 



S ntle bottom W, and ^^^0%£I£ 

 so as to cause them to break all the buds The atmo! 

 sphere for these should be rimilJ £ +w / it- 

 «*tablished in «- - * ^ lhr t0 that for Vines 



the horde 



12-Densefo*: exceedingly dense in afternoon, no object visible at 



12 yards dinance. 

 13-Foggy; hazy throughout. 

 14-Footy ; very h^zy ; io^y. 

 la-Hazy; cold il K ht drizzle ; overcast. 

 lF-F0K«y throughout ; overcast at night. 

 }!—|orar; hazy throughout. 

 |S-*o*Ry; hazy; densely overcast. 



Mean temperature ol the week, 2 deg. below the average. 



State of the Weather at Chiswick, during the last 25 years, for the 

 ensuing week, ending Dec. 27, 1851. 



Where very early Straw- 



berries are required, ^ " f £', revest LI Hf 

 Keens' Seedling may be brmicrht i„J It ° •. ? 

 ing, but no artificial' lH ^ f * 'J* 

 «* or 1 . » days. Lett! £L£ fit ™ £ 52 

 eaves, and top-dress th< Xe wiSTriiST '"* 

 having a spruTkJing of soot iu uTto £ "*■ ^ SOll > 



which may be in the pots. 



drive out any worms 



Dec. 



FLORISTS' FLOWERS. 



they 



ana 



1 



Daring damp and foggy weather both a „„• i 



Carnations (Sn fnuM.7%11 require ^Sid J2 ^ 



are apt occasionally to have mSK^ST I 



m the axils of the leaves. ThfcJnS Ttf * 



folly removed, for shouhl this be damp «£ ]*£?' 



«—, too, if kept d«, wiU contract *™S£ZJ%£; 



Sunday 21 

 ou 2-> 



?3 



Wed. 24 

 Thurm. % 

 friday -:*■ 

 Satur, 27 



sips 



4X1 

 4 



4 ur 



42. 

 4 

 42 



« *j 



i; * 9 

 " o «» 



33.2 

 US 



31.7 



28,9 

 ■i 



as 



No of 



Years in 



which it 



Rained. 



I 



Greatest 

 Quantity 



of Bain. 



Prevailing Winda. 



33. 1 



2 

 37-* 



i 

 3C1 



9 

 12 



9 

 5 



I 



B 





0.20 ia. 

 0ui> 

 25 



■ 



i 





4 

 & 

 1 



3 



a 

 4 



4 



V 



«. » * >• s 



QC 





2 

 2 

 1 



1 

 1 

 i 

 1 





3 - 



1 - 



| 



i 

 1 



— 



4 



■ 



8 

 I 



I 



5 



7 



4 



k 



1 

 1 

 5 

 I 



6 



3 

 2 



2 



I 



3 



3 

 2 



iw-til^wt3 T ^:^r%*^^.?» the ^ x 



•ny other ni f ht throo^iwt tte ye*r. . ° 



■-th^irm. io dew. 



ia colder tham 





AMI a Notices to dorrespo 



apples : A Stih, Twelve aorta 'for tml 

 ^ary ^Watm«a^ Fippiu, Rib , R ; 



• i 



u 



Court ©f 



***f«m1, Mitnrii af tort F 



r>, I 



twrwain, l*«urt«n*ft 



ts. 



Wft aoi! rather 



and 40. 



mentioned in the Paper. 



"Sparrow Clubs':" J d. TherA 



J 



Birds : " 



be given for the f.n 

 nd4 8; 1851 6 Z 00 ^ 



3 ,^, 42, and 48 



objection to your joining the proposed < ri„K ^ e . no POMftk 

 just novv are very numerous, and vJl *¥ TheiTB? 

 it would be mere affectation' t^n! 81 ? de8 tractir. ."S 



of destroying them, 

 of an "innocent 



lectation to talk abont^ actiT8 5 Ml 



As well mkht wf ft v the "<*iieuJ 



lamb." Ia ri ^^ to the sliSL 



***** 



cidedly useful ; indeed they are Yom^th^^ * * 



friends. But being over-numerous, and their ^ enw N 

 dations heavy, do as you wonni . *- ? e l r w,nt er dej^. 



8Wh 



1'ropose; and 



phraseology of Dickens's hero ' Quiin ■ \"!\ 



in the 



fa y ttt5 



and "blaze away V'-*-W S. The 



many obligations. Your plan of pr^di^foTSf - 0Wt ^ 

 accommodation and vigour of constitu in • rwinl « 

 When matured, we shall be happy to hear i " admir£ 

 -Jane F. Do not attempt to " ^pair" all & T ^:^n. 



You have been wrongly 'advised.-Tr E lh a * ^ M «^, 

 mediately after Christmas. This fo* n Weatw' 1 0p€n *»• 

 progress-Arabella C. Use apieceoi ? soft flanntJ™^ dltk * 

 soap ; and when your birds' perches are tCouihl^i 0111 ' 

 be sure and keep them clean.— W j finnii. ®i ycIeaD8 «l 

 Oeorgiana M. The yolk of egg should I be h^i Jl" beeU 

 mixed with some sponge cake ; admiuiatPrth,-» ♦ • ard ' *•* 

 Maria P. Saffron is really a bad Zd^ £" ^f a / «k- 

 more effectual, and very palateable to the tast w? llk U 

 use it ? -Harriet You cannot have a handsompr w Y h J m 

 starling. Their glossy coat and yiMcS^ 1 ^ 

 them admirers, and they may be renS lwRy8 ^ ln 

 kindness. - John T. You may give ^ ? er f *> ^ * 

 the year round, occasionally; it amalgamated rVifh a .V ' 

 food, and keeps them healthy.-WN R. Your Vn f ' 

 has come to hand, and we have done what you reauevtpT' 

 to do. Any information we can render you about jour Wnk 

 pheasants, or poultry generally is quite atyourwrti *t 

 Sarah G. Your fehilhnar has not been ill di B n^,i .; ' . 



been ill disposed of. 



yellow-hammer is a sprightly, cheerful bird, and certain^ 

 much handsomer than a canary. His song, however ■ 

 monotonous.— Josephine: Java Sparrows are delightful 

 birds to keep in a cage ; but of so truly affectiona'e a lim. 

 sition, that we advise you to keep "a pair." If ycubenm 

 to moralise, as we all ought to be, you will glean from your 

 observations of these faithful, affectionate creatures manvi 

 lesson of great practical utility through life.— Ottltoav, 

 The Song- thrush, by all means. If you want execution 

 and effect, lie is to be commended before ail others. Feed 

 him on German paste, sweet buns, snails, and beef— Lua. 

 You have yourself unwittingly described the cam of j our 

 Canary's restlessness, and of his cominualry peeking him. 

 self. The insects which you saw through your inicrosc 

 inhabiting the crevices of his cage, are known as "vermin.* 

 Trey have been ft asting for some time on jour bird's blood, 

 drawn from his veins in the night. Burn the case immefi. 

 ately, and procure an entirely new oae; then affectionately 

 examine the skin and feathers of the innocent sufferer ; and 

 when quite cleansed, introduce him to his new abode. He 

 will recover in a week, if prompt measures be taken. W,K, 



Books: Highlander. Brown'8 " Fores ter." 



Collinsia tinctoria: T M. This was introduced from Ci 

 fornia by Messrs. Veitch and by the Horticultural Society. 

 It has no kind of resemblance to Cailiopais tinctoria. 



Cottagees' Stoves i S A S. The most economical, the 

 cheapest, and the best for cooking with which we are ac- 

 quainted, is one manufactured by Messrs. Bailejs, Iron- 

 mongers, Holborn. It was exhibited in Prince Alber; 

 Model Cot ages, which led us to have it tried ; and we can 

 say, after four months' experience, that we do not see how i: 

 can be improved. To cottagers it is invaluable. 



Fenugreek : J C asks what will remove the smell of powdered 

 Fenugreek seeds from tha hands on which they have been 



rubbed. . 



FauiT Trees : L H. The Peaches and the Nectarines yoa 

 mention will do for forcing ; but you should likewise lntro- 

 duce the Bellegarde if possible, as it will afford an excellent 

 succession. We should prefer, for a new Vinery, young 



plants from eyes.il ^w* 



Gooseberries: Amateur Sub. We never recommend aeajeri* 

 Laurustinds : AM. No doubt you may strike it from cu mp 

 placed under a north wall in the autumn, without the aido 

 a hand-glass; but under a hand-glass the cuttings wiurw 

 with more certainty, and grow faster. It is far better, how 

 ever, to propagate the plant by layers. , 



Miniature Garden : W M B. Flace it on a ho low r mcfcJ lew, 

 filltd every night with warm water, and in b ad ™_ 

 throw a woollen cloth over the whole apparatus. ^^ 

 heating will, answer. If you cannot do.tins, »^«« 

 cases filled with hot water, as is done in i French rauwij 

 carriages. Always remem 

 pretty dry, frost will not 

 are thawed iu the dark. Get Turner's (late d0Dgr 



Mushrooms : Croydon. In the "^ rt ^^^^ikA 

 toI. iii., p. 6, «nd vol. ii., p. 345, yoir wi U Jnd ^ 

 directi.ns. Also in " Lindley's Guide i to ^^^ m l 

 Loudon'a " Encyclopaedia of Gardening mu f f fl 



works. Notbinir can be more easy. ^ er °"J?^L a 

 too much or too li'tle m« isture and w ? nto .^t gtaD diog their 



Names of Fruits: GFUnthank. 1 and . 2 ' T^ d'0ranf«; 

 difference in form, appear to be the i r» .^ n ^ 

 3, Scarlet Crofton ; 4, Court of Wick. J-J *v* {rQm . our it- 

 ~H B R. The slice of Apple was bruised ; dw, ^ SOj 



scription, it is most probably the V"™ e \°V 



you will find the wood is very much spot eo.« Zjgop e. 



Names of Plants: J W. 1, Wax il i a,ia ffi e delicate frond* 

 talum brachjpetalum.— Tirana, ^.f" g i ze d fronds « 

 are destitute of fructification. Simuaj h8fe «er 



Aspleniumlanceolatum would be like ** ' being sligbur 

 but they are too flaccid to be it; a °? * t i. bnceol*^ 

 pilose, leads us to infer that your plant is tu ing in a wtrin 

 bu- rather a seedling of Lastrea dila'ata, gro u , kc ^$ 

 place. Send a froiid in fructification. £.-£ Bogg| Featntf' 

 urophylla; 2, A. oiKricaas. Apply t0 Mr ' 

 stone Buildings, Holborn. n ir trees vvitb tnic* 



Oak Coppice: J S H. " Old reserved Uas * Ist wi 



: t , r , as is done in 1 renca ™^ 

 ,mber, however, that it the case ^ 



do much harm, P^^^ffi 

 fiAt Turner's (late Bec>'») i?g* f ' 



bark are a^t, wb;ii felled, to prove bar Tte n des^ e i t °S 

 any method of encouragiag such trees, ^ arks !^ 



to form eyes-such as paring off tbe *P°^? ? « So&e&P' 



stem, a year or two P«£°° l 2 i i. 

 rlenced forester will, we dare say, «pg .» f aow iog ^ 

 Phves's Muscadine Gbap* : S Jb W • \*° l * the jooroj 



» 



ElVEs'i Muscadine ubap»: a & "• * Tf n f the J° u, "ka 

 of this sort, published in 1847, ia yo \i r «borated W *£ 

 the H..rticul ural Society, has been corro^r Q ,j 



the Horticultural Society, 

 qucnt fruiting* :—* , Thii was 



Good 



itaip 



above. Bunch large, 



*««.!?£■.** 



fruiting*:— -Thia was * t ?V°"?' . E*q-; «f- 



Hope, without a n.me, by Job" ^ e ' a irifig, 

 .red worthy of ealdr.uo >,« h« b . ^ *J 



b, oad-sboulderea , ;w . 5b «w 

 ri»* oval; skin J» . n0 dGrV 



sim* 



pedicle* abort, attff; berries oval ; «* ; Lg» 

 rather thick ; pulp nieltioir. jm«-y aoa n han der» ^ 

 ripening quite .. e.rly aa the Black Hambo^ „,„ Jej^ 



circumatancea." To the preceding a «°? circum?" m 



queaUoni*.underordiQ» J mt $*^ 



t bearer. It r^-J^ t caa^'fjk 

 ria or Cj 

 to equal theae aorta in poin 



that the variety in 

 a i lire and abundan t 



Muacat of A.eaaudria or ^^.^ 



*h.M.j"ld it be planted in a house f Pff^ ioD , it 



r sorts. As regards cui^ 



A 



and s imila» BV s»». «- •-*--. t. n \i 

 classed with the Royal Muscadine, **•■ 



