Pe 
oF eee, ae ge ee ee ee a ia eS eel ee en a ens oe, Oe CN. Se rae 
ad a = or? ee f a | 
[7] ! 286 | 
continues as good to the Pacific, will be one of the routes to be 
considered, over which the United States will pass immense quanti- 
ties of merchand: se into what may become, in time, the rich and] 
populous States of Sonora, Durango, and Southern’ California. 
As a military position, it is important and necessary. The moun- - 
tain fastnesses have long been the retreating places of the warlike 
parties of Indians and robbers, who sally out to intercept our cara 
vans moving over the different lines of travel to the Pacific. 
- The latitude of Santa Fé, determined by 52 circum-meridian ‘le 
titudes of alpha aquile, 23 of beta aquarii, and 36 altitudes of polaris” 
outof the meridian, is N. 35° 44’ 06”. The longitude, by the meas- 
urement of 8 distances between the * alpha aquile and the q, and 8 
between * antares and the ¢, is respectively 7h. O4m. 148.7 and: 
Th. 04m. 228.4. The mean of which is 7h. 04m. 185. and the 
longitude brought by the chronometer from the meridian of Fort 
Leavenworth is 7h. 04m. 05s.5.—(See Appendix No. 4. | 
The place of observation was the court near the mocthhest corner 
of the public square. The latitude may be considered fixed; but 
satisfactory as the longitude may appear, I should, nevertheless, 
have greatly multiplied the number of lunar distances, had In ot | 
een in daily expectation of receiving a transit instrument, with 
which a set of observations on moon culminating stars could have 
been made at this important geographical point. 
- The mean of all the barometric readings at Santa Fé indicates, 
as:the height of this pointabove the sea, 6,846 feet, and the neigh- 
boring peaks to the north are many thousand feet hi her. 
August 31.—Lieutenant Warner arrived to-day, but cannot yet 
be relieved from ordnance duty. ‘To-morrow an expedition goes to 
Ear poe Mr. Peck is sick, I. have no officer to send with it.) 
apparently well authenticated accounts have arrived that 
_ Armijo met Ugarté, about 150 miles below, coming up with a force 
; eof 500 regulars and some pieces of artillery; that he turnéd back, 
* and is now marching towards us with a large force, rallying the 
et as he passes, and that numbers are joining him from the 
a towns. In consequence of these reports, the general ‘has 
st gthened ee force. with which he is.to march the day after to-! 
“ow to meet 
im, * 
* 
ae ee We marched put of | 
Santa Fé at 9-0 clock, a. my 
‘ en- 
sitemies the valley of the Santa Fé river, nearly west, for five’ 
. miles, when we left the river and struck across a dry arid plain ine 
tersected by arroyos; (dry beds of streams,) _ din a range 
_ course. Twenty- three miles. brou ught us to the Galist ree 
which, at that time, was barely running. The bed of cael creek 
san stern of the To rock, and lies bet celprancell 
clay and | 
ee ee pte ae ots i eae o 
