GRAPE MANUAL, 3 
forgotten. But, in the absence of any satisfac- 
tory reason for these failures, it is quite natural 
that renewed attempts were and are continually 
made.* We ourselves, imported in the spring 
of 1867, from Austria, about 300 rooted vines, 
(Veltliner, Blue Baden, Tantowina, Riesling, 
Tokay, Uva Pana, &c.,) not with expectations 
of success, but with a view to discover by care- 
ful observation, ig real cause of failure, and 
knowing the true cause, to be then perhaps 
able to obviate it. The vines grew splendidly, 
but during the summer of 1869, though bearing 
some beautiful fruit, their foliage began to ex- 
hibit a yellow, sickly appearance. In 1870 many 
were dying and we almost despaired of discov- 
ering the cause, when our State Entomologist, 
Prof. C. V. Riley, informed us that a discovery 
had just been made in F 
disease which had atiacked their noble vine- 
yards, was caused by a root-louse, which bears 
a close resemblance to our American grape-leaf 
gall-louse, an insect long known here, but then 
more than usually a <i poh actually covering 
all the Clinton foliage in 1870. In 1871 and 
since, Prof. Riley often visited our vineyards, 
as we gave him full permission and cheerfal 
assistance to unearth both diseased and healthy 
vines, native and foreign, of every kind, in order 
to examine their roots and to study the ques- 
tion. By his observations and those of Prof. 
Planchon, made by both in this country as well 
as in France, and afterwards confirmed and 
verified by all prominent naturalists, the iden- 
tity of the American insect with the one lately 
discovered in France, and of the two types, the 
gall and the root-lice, has been substantiated, 
vines in this country has been saree 3t but 
no satisfactory remedy. e mildew, 
(Peronospora and Oidium) ee be rapists 
treated with sulphur, it seems, so far, impossi- 
ble to destroy or to protect against this insect 
enemy; while the vigorous roots of our Ameri- 
can Vines enjoy a relative immunity from its in- 
*Thos. Ri tise, a German, planted (in 1860) varieties of 
the —— on years 1 Island; a ee to su meecees 
i 
ch his 
tig late as 1872, M. J. Labines, ‘at onary North Car- 
dertook to plant redhcte Feigs with 70,000 cuttings 
(painelpally vieliting, tie. tena, Mores, « papiat in. duis 
orel, a pupil 0: 2 es 
pei fame best oe a a 2 o ture), and 
ged ig seve ‘ of E 
W. : Ss o 
this re Insects injurious to the grape-vine,” at the close 
juries, the pest thrives on the tender roots of the 
Viticultural Congress, held at Montpellier, Oct. 
1874, came to the conclusion that: “‘ In presence 
of the non-success obtained from all attempts 
made since 1868, with a view to preserve or cure 
our vines, and feeling that after six years of ef- 
forts in this direction, no process, except sub- 
mersion, has been found effective, many persons 
and their descendants, for success in grape cul- 
t 
ure. 
A knowledge of the distinctive permanent 
characters of our species, and a proper classifi- 
cation of our varieties, referable to them, is of 
far more importance than is generally sup- 
posed.* And while many grape growers may 
skip over the following pages as useless, we 
hope that some of them will thank us for em- 
bodying in this catalogue, the valuable treatise 
on this subject by the best living authority—Dr. 
Twent, 
Cc 
the culture of the grape: ‘ The perfection of a 
definite arrangement of all our varieties must 
remain for future labors, but it is to be hoped 
an end so desirable, will not be lost sight of.” 
In connection with the question of the relative - 
susceptibility ef our grape-vines to the attacks 
of Phylloxera, this end has become still more 
desirable, aye, of first importance. 
8. Fuller, in his excellent Treatise 
free from foxiness, or 
foliage is wooly beneath, & 
rue ome: teak Oe 
+ 
