Biology of Staphylinidae 239 
divides them into three classes. In his third class he places Staphylinus 
patruelis, mysticus, fossator, avcint se* ee and Philonthus sp. 
as those beetles whic feed almost exclusi n larvae. Brooks (06:22): 
cag July 29th, a rovebeetle, "Philo nthus pee eae observed under 
a grape vine with a curculio larva in its SS 
Schaup (79 :30) : “TI fed a larva of Staph. Peon with a cater 
illar about four apa larger than itself, the larva seized the ca sine. 
pillar at the neck and y oo around ee Sau pial by the jerk- 
ings and abhi of abe latter, but kept and sucked the contents 
OL t= SB rost in hia ‘notes on ne ine Colenpices says of 
Ontholestes apie (Grav.): “I soon found them stalking the green 
flies that infested the manure in numbers. Several of the bectles were 
observed with flies in their jaw . They have also been seen feeding 
on adult Aphodius fimetarius.’ 
ae is discussion on the natural control of Ips pini Say, Cleme 
(16:296) says, “Predaceous sephylia id larvae and adults, Xintho hous 
cephalus Serv. and Ouedius ae Senet Gyll., are common in the burrows 
and no doubt devour eggs and lar 
A number of adult rove ‘etl have — — by various eae 
tigators associated wit eeding cab age root maggot 
Barnard (80:199) in his description of fhe peo pate ior of Aleochara 
alf of thi 
have been ens by the mares and 3 arid o pu ullin ey se infest 
of c 
se i oe habits, I puta pene ina a bottle vith hee When hu cae 
a single alone hes one a Bag sized maggot, Sighs open its sides 
and cus upon # hav en five of them like ack of wolves 
ing to and tear, rithin oe aggot, killing. it ar soe: They are 
eaitaG active, and promise - the best enemy against the fly 
which has ruined so many crops her 
Schoene c 16: 150, “In our work at Genk eva we have frequently bred 
Staphylinids . d have found them in such n a about injured 
cabbage and radi eee as to leave d to the nature of 
their activities or their importa In addition to Pibushal ta we have 
occasionally bred Philonthus nigritulus, an O ord e 
US > e nav 
pga ae ee species near infested cabbages: Tachyporus jocosus 
Aleochara sp. allied to athata, Orytelus nitidalus and 
Staphy tons ‘oles? 
Contrasted to these cases that are on the dete line between 
parasitism and predatism we have a num of observations in 
which there is little doubt as to the crete involved. They 
are as follows: 
Chapin (15:157-138) telling of the feeding of Xantholinus cephalus 
y, says, “Very little difficulty was experi , the Vv eeding 
readily on all ggots, such as nd under decaying bark.” 
Mank ot su to larvae eat the victims but 
ms to feel that they suck the juices from the body of the prey. She 
o observe the feeding behaviors as th ht seemed 
to disturb the larvae 2 ry th vod not eat while the covers 
: cul s rem e a a ee 
attacked by the beetles. "She says, x you of muscids and other Diptera 
were eaten readily” and in two cases she fed cultures entirely on mites. 
See also Smith and sows! (26:41); Fullaway (25:48) reviewed 
in ae App. Ent. Ser. A 14:500; Walcott (22:18); Report Ent. 
