A. Bell — Succession of the Later Tertiaries in Gt. Britain. 77 



The next or Neolithic stage corresponds with the formation of the 

 25 feet Eaised Beaches of Scotland, comprising much of the ground 

 bordering the Clyde, especially about Glasgow, in which Telliua 

 calcarea, Leda pernula and other boreal shells appear for the last time 

 in Britain. Some of the beds in this district may be newer still, as 

 in various parts of the town of Glasgow many canoes have been 

 exhumed, from the large canoe dug out by fire and stone, a beautiful 

 weapon being found in one of them, to another in which a cork plug 

 formed part of the equipments, and a well-made clinker-built boat 

 with metallic (iron) fastenings. 



The Carse Clays of East Scotland, and the Buttery Clays, or Fen 

 Silts of Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire ; the Megaceros Peat and 

 Bogs of Ireland, the Fen Peats with polished implements ; and most of 

 the submerged forest or tree patches skirting the coast, many west 

 country, Scotch and Irish, caves, as Hoyle, Perth, Chwaren, Cefn, and 

 a portion of the Settle Cave, Yorkshire, Oban and Kirkcudbright all 

 fall in this period, but so gradually pass up into the more recent 

 stage that an actual line of demarcation can seldom be drawn. 



In these notes I have said but little about Ireland, having entered 

 fully into the subject in a prior communication ; it will suffice to say 

 here that ever}' observation made then is fully applicable now, and 

 varies nothing from the lines worked upon above. 



The latest deposits comprise the low level beaches in which the 

 fauna is still existing, of which Belfast and Largo Bays, and Portmsh 

 furnish good examples, and the Scrobicularia clays and marine 

 beaches in marshy places, as the Burtle beds of Somerset, from whence 

 the sea has been comparatively speaking only recently excluded, 

 the Alluvial flats of Lancashire, and the whole series of intercalated 

 silts, clays, and peats of Somerset and Cornwall, the silts of tidal 

 rivers, the now forming sandbanks and shingles of the coast-lines, 

 the blown sands of Antrim with flint flakes, and of Galway and 

 Cornwall, containing Helices of types (H. nemoralis in particular) 

 of a size and structure now unknown, the Megaceros peat bogs 

 and underlying marls of Ireland, and the forest and surface peats 

 of Walthamstow, Newbury, Hull, Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshii-e, 

 the Caves and Midden deposits of Bichmond in Yorkshire, Scotland, 

 and Ireland, and of Settle and Heathery Burn, the subaerial shell 

 beds of the Isle of Wight and elsewhere, and the tufaceous marls 

 formed by incrusting springs in Limestone districts. 



All of these are due to such agencies as have been in ceaseless 

 operation since the Bronze dolichocephalic man came into Britain. In 

 Ireland there is every reason to suppose, and probably in the North 

 of Scotland also, that stone implements were in use to a much later 

 period than in England. 



It would greatly facilitate the study of the later beds if authors 

 would, instead of quoting in their lists "bones of birds or fish, elytra 

 of insects," endeavour to ascertain what they are. Many species are 

 lost to science for want of such determinations. A list of peat 

 insects, and another of the plants absolutely found in (I do not 

 mean a list of those living which make it) the peat are a great 

 desideratum. 



