Notices of Memoirs — Dr. J. Lorie — Geology of the Paijs-Bas. 171 



some of which occur in Carboniferous strata in Australia, and others 

 are related to species from the Carboniferous Limestone of Belgium. 

 A further interest attaches to this discovery of Carboniferous fossils 

 in connection with the Boulder-bed in the Salt Eange, from the 

 probability that this bed may be identical with the Talchir boulder 

 glacial deposits found almost everywhere at the base of the Gond- 

 wana rocks of Peninsular India. These in turn have been correlated 

 with remarkable Boulder-beds, believed to be due to ice-action, occur- 

 ring in the Carboniferous series of Australia. Mr. K. D. Oldham has 

 lately visited Australia, and contributes, in this part, a highly im- 

 portant memorandum on the subject. This further evidence strongly 

 supports the original views of Dr. Blanford as to the Palaeozoic age 

 of the Lower Gondwana deposits, and, as Mr. Medlicott remarks, 

 " it would be the first clear and broad case to confirm the assertion, 

 made twenty-five years ago by Prof. Huxley, when introducing the 

 term ' homotaxis,' for it shows that a full-blown Mesozoic flora in 

 one region of the earth was contemporaneous with a full-blown 

 Palaeozoic flora in another region." 



Under " Afghan and Persian Field Notes," Mr. C. L. Griesbach, 

 who accompanied the Afghan Boundary Commission as geologist, 

 gives an outline sketch of the various geological formations, which 

 range from the Post-Tertiary to the older Palaeozoics, occurring in 

 the Herat Valley and Khorassan. 



The other papers in this part are "Notes on the Section from 

 Simla to Wangtu," by Col. McMahon, and an excellent " Beport 

 on the International Geological Congress of Berlin," by Dr. W. T. 

 Blanford, F.R.S. G. J. H. 



VI. — Contributions a la Geologie des Pays-Bas. Par Dr. J. 

 Lorie. Resultats Geologiques et Paleontologiques des 

 Forages de Puits a Utrecht, Goes et Gorkum. Extrait des 

 Archives Teyler, Series II. torn. ii. Large 8vo. pp. 132, and 5 

 lithographic plates. (Haarlem, 1885.) 

 riIHE opportunities of studying the structure of the earth's crust 

 J_ in a flat country like the Netherlands are indeed few and far 

 between. There are no coast or valley sections, and owing to the 

 general level character of the country, scarcely any artificial cuttings 

 are required for the railways. Under such circumstances, well- 

 sinkings afford the best, and almost the only means of ascertaining the 

 stratigraphical succession. In the course of the last few years, three 

 important sinkings have been made in this country, at Utrecht, at 

 Goes on the island of South Beveland, and at Gorkum in South 

 Holland. The first of these was carried to the depth of 369 metres, 

 that at Goes to 223-9 m., and that at Gorkum to 182 m. beneath the 

 surface, which, in each case, did not exceed 5 m. above the sea-level. 

 The distribution and the characters of the fossils met with in these 

 well-borings have been carefully investigated by Dr. Lorie, and this 

 memoir contains critical descriptions and figures of the different 

 species and tabular lists of their occurrence in the beds at different 



