Tertiary Vertebrata of the Wed. 



417 



Bunotheria, with a position between the Prosimiae and the Tillodonta. 

 There are probably three families of these Eocene Lemuroids, but 

 there is some uncertainty as to whether the allies of Adapis belong 

 to this or to the preceding group, so that the author limits his de- 

 scription to the Mixodectidae and the Anaptomorphidge. 



Afixodectes is only known from mandibles, so that some uncer- 

 tainty exists as to its systematic position as well as its dental formula, 

 and the anterior teeth may be incisor, canine, and premolar, or the 

 incisor tooth may be absent. Two species are known. Cynodon- 

 tomys is also founded on mandibles ; and Anaptomorphus complete 

 the family. The latter genus, of which we give figures of the 

 natural size, has large well-defined orbits. There is no sagittal crest, 

 and the temporal ridges are well defined. In many ways the 

 cranial characters approximate towards the Lemur Tarsius, yet the 

 dental formula agrees with the Indrisinee, but no known Lemur has 

 premolar teeth with similar interior lobes and cusps, which resemble 

 those of the higher Monkeys and Man. The small size of the canines 

 is quite human. The cerebral hemispheres and brain are not smaller 

 than in the genus Tarsius or in typical existing Lemurs. From the 

 way in which quadrumanous and definite lemuroid characters are 

 combined, the author suggests that this type may represent the 



Anaptomorphus cemulus. Left mandible twice nat. size. 



family from which true Monkeys and Men were developed. The 

 European type which most closely resembles this is Necrolemur ; 

 but in that genus the two inferior premolars have but one root. 

 Anaptomorphus cemulus was about as large as a Marmoset. A. homun- 

 culus is founded on the cranium. It was rather smaller than Tarsius 

 spectrum, and is thought to have been nocturnal ; with feeding 

 habits like the smaller Lemurs of the Malay Islands and Madagascar. 

 The Creodonta is a large division of Mammals with the scaphoid 

 and lunar bones separate, narrow cerebral hemispheres having very 

 large and exposed olfactory lobes ; while the ankle joint is generally 

 not trochlear. The separation of the scaphoid and lunar bones in 

 the carpus is a distinction from the Carnivora, yet the articulation of 

 the lower jaw with the squamosal bone is transverse, as in Carnivores. 

 The ilium is suggestive of the Insectivora and Marsupials. The 

 femur has a third trochanter. The astragalus articulated with the 



DECADE III. VOL. III. NO. IX. 27 



