426 Reviews — R. Lydekker — Fossil Mammalia. 



Coryphodon (1 species) ; Tinoceras (2 species) ; and Dinoceras (2 

 species) — represented in the collection. 



The genus Lophiodon nearly approaches the Tapir and Ehinoceros 

 in the structure of its teeth. Like the Tapir the lower true molars 

 have simple transverse ridges, but the premolars are more or less 

 longitudinally tuberculated, and in this respect it differs from its 

 near ally, the Palceoiherium, in which the whole series of the lower 

 molars are longitudinally bi-crescentic in form. It had also, like the 

 Tapir, which it preceded in geological time, four toes on the fore-feet 

 and three on the hind-feet. 



Many species are enumerated, ranging in size from the Pig to the 

 Ehinoceros. Their remains have been met with in several localities 

 in Europe, and also in this country, in Eocene Tertiary strata. 



Its dentition may be expressed as follows :— 



Incisors f, canines \, premolars f, molars f , X 2 = 40. 



JJyracotherium was a small animal, about the size of a Hare, 

 principally known in a fossil state by its dentition. Its remains are 

 comparatively rare and have been found in the Lower Eocene 

 (London Clay), Heme Bay; at Kyson in Suffolk; and also as a 

 derived fossil from an older deposit in the Suffolk Crag. v 



Pachynolophus is an allied genus of small animals, whose remains 

 are only found in Eocene deposits. Four species are represented in 

 the collection by teeth and jaws from France and Switzerland. The 

 dentition is complete, viz. : — 



Incisors f , canines r, premolars f-, molars f X 2 = 44. 



Palceotherium is well represented in the collection. It was a Tapir- 

 like animal, first described by Cuvier, from skulls, teeth and bones, 

 of numerous individuals, representing several species, which were 

 discovered in the Gypsum quarries (Upper Eocene) of Montmartre, 

 Paris. 



Palceotherium magnum was as large as a Horse, four or five feet in 

 height ; whilst P. curium was about the size of a Hog. They all had 

 a short fleshy snout or proboscis, like the Tapir ; but, unlike the 

 Tapir, they had only three toes on each foot, whilst the Tapir had 

 four toes on the fore-foot. 



Mr. Lydekker (following Prof. Flower) treats Paloplotherium as 

 identical with Palceotherium. P. annectens was about the size of a 

 Sheep and is well represented in the collection from the Upper 

 Eocene of Hordwell, Hants, and from Vaucluse in France. 



Anchilophus, a small Paheotheroid, is represented by jaws and teeth 

 from the Upper Eocene at Bembridge, Isle of Wight, and from 

 Vaucluse and Caylux in France. 



The Ehinoceroses are now all placed in a single genus, which 

 includes five or six known living species. No fewer than twenty-four 

 species are represented by fossil remains in the collection, mostly 

 from Pleistocene, Pliocene or Miocene Tertiary deposits ; but two 

 forms, Ph. croizeti and Eh. lemanensis, occur in the Upper Eocene 

 phosphorites of France, thus carrying this remarkable living genus 

 back in time to the older Tertiaries. Four other genera, of which at 



