32 Prof. H. A. Nicholson — On some New Devonian Corals. 



calice, six lines. In the smallest individual observed the dimensions 

 are : Length, measured along the dorsal surface, thirteen lines ; 

 length, along the ventral surface, four lines ; greatest thickness, four 

 lines ; diameter of calice, ten lines ; greatest depth of calice, two lines. 



This wonderful species is readily distinguished by its extra- 

 ordinarily flattened and scale-like form, due to the extreme obliquity 

 and shallowness of the calice, the flattening of the dorsal surface, 

 and the almost total disappearance of the lateral surfaces. No other 

 species of the genus known to me even approaches C. squamosum in 

 these characters, and these are, therefore, of themselves sufficient to 

 characterize the species. All the specimens I have seen are covered 

 with remarkably large and fine " Beekite-markings," and the more 

 minute characters of the coral are thereby entirely obscured. 



Locality and Formation. — Corniferous Limestone, Columbus, Ohio. 

 Cystiphylltjm fruticosum, Nicholson. Plate I. Figs. 3, Za. 



Spec. char. — Corallum aggregate, composed of numerous cylin- 

 drical, straight or slightly flexuous corallites, growing side by side, 

 but not connected by epithecal processes or expansions, and often 

 forming colonies of several feet in circumference. Corallites about 

 three lines in diameter, or rather less, and placed usually at intervals 

 apart of two lines, less or more. Epitheca thin but distinct, marked 

 with very numerous fine encircling striae and fainter vertical striae, 

 as well as with irregular annulations and constrictions of growth. 

 Calice moderately excavated, from one and a half to two lines in 

 depth, exhibiting numerous bullae, sometimes with septal striae near 

 the margin. Internal structure wholly vesicular, the vesicles having 

 a diameter of from half a line to nearly one line. 



With the exception of the present very remarkable form, and the 

 equally singular C. aggregatum of Billings, all the species of 

 Cystipliyllum are simple. Its compound character is, therefore, 

 of itself sufficient to distinguish C. fruticosum from all tbe hitherto 

 recorded species of Cystipliyllum except G. aggregatum, and from 

 this it is separated by its wholly different form and mode of growth. 

 In its general appearance G. fruticosum presents the closest possible 

 resemblance to Dipliyphyllum arundinaceum, Billings, with which 

 it not uncommonly occurs associated ; but its internal structure 

 separates it at once, and shows it to be a genuine Gystipliyllum. 



Locality and Formation. — Not uncommon in the Corniferous Lime- 

 stone of the Townships of Wainfleet and Walpole, Ontario. 

 Cystiphylltjm sttperbum, Nicholson. Plate I. Fig. 1. 



Corallum of large size, simple, turbinate, very broadly expanding. 

 Calice extremely large, circular, moderately deep, and very oblique, 

 making an angle of about 50° with the dorsal surface of the corallum, 

 and one of about 150° with the ventral surface. The septa are 

 marked by distinct rows of bullae or vesicles, which radiate from 

 the bottom of the cup, and are not less than one hundred and forty 

 to one hundred and fifty in number. The vesicles are small, not 

 exceeding half a line in diameter in the circumferential portion of 

 the coral. Epitheca well developed, with numerous fine encircling 



