352 Dr. J. W. Gregory — On Palceozoic Starfishes. 



Billings (op. cit, p. 81, pi. x, fig. 4), whicli has been made the type 

 of a genus of Ophiurids — Tmiiura. (Gregory, " Classif. Paleeoz. 

 Ophiur." : Proc. Zool. Soc, 1896, p. 1,035.) 

 Affinities. 



The Taeniasteridfe are possibly nearly allied to the Stichasterid^e, 

 which Sladen includes in the Cryptozonia. They are provisionally 

 left in the Phanerozonia, until the character of the adambulacral 

 plates can be definitely determined. The family is intermediate 

 between the typical Phanerozonia and Cryptozonia. 

 ?2. STENASTER, Billings, 1858. 

 Op. cit., p. 17. 



Type Species. — Stenaster Salteri, Billings, 1858. Op. cit , p. 78, 

 pi. X, fig. 1. Ordovician : Canada. Non S. pidchellus, Billings 

 (op. cit., p. 79, pi. X, fig. 2) ; nee S. confluens, Trautschold, Kalkbr. 

 Mjatsch., pp. 109, 110, pi. xiii, fig. 5. 



3. URASTERELLA, McCoy, 1851. 

 Brit. PahT30z. Foss., fasc. i, p. 59. 



Type Species. — Uraster Butliveni, Forbes, 1848. " Brit. Foss. 

 Aster." : Mem. Geol. Surv., vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 463. Silurian : West- 

 moreland. 

 Affinities. 



This genus includes the Stenaster pulcliellus, Billings (op. cit., 

 p. 79, pi. X, fig. 2). It has often been treated as synonymous with 

 Stenaster, or merged in Palceaster. Thus Salter,^ both in 1857 and 

 1873, included the type species of TJrasterella and Z7. hiruclo (Forbes) 

 in Pa/(«flsier, whereas in 1859 he- included the latter m Palceasterina. 

 In the former proposal he has been followed by most English authors, 

 as, e.g., Etheridge,^ De la Touche,'' and Woods.^ 



4. PROTASTERACANTHION, Stiirtz, 1886. 

 " Beitr. palaeoz. Seest.": PalEcontogr. , vol. xxxii, p. 90. 



Type Species. — ProtasteracantMon primus, Stiirtz, 1886. Op. cit., 

 p. 90, pi. xi, fig. 3. Lower Devonian : Germany. 

 5. SALTERASTER, Stiirtz, 1893. 

 " Ueber verst. und leb. Seest." : Verb. naturh.Ver. preuss. Rbeiul., ser. 5, vol. x, p. 42. 



Type Species. — Palceaster asperrimus, Salter, 1857. New 

 Palasoz. Starf. : Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. xx, p. 325, pi. ix, 

 fig. 1. Ordovician : near Welshpool, N. Wales. 



Order 2. CRYPTOZONIA. 



Family LEPIDASTEPJD^. 

 Diagnosis. 



Cryptozonia which are heavily plated, but in which there are no 



1 J. W. Salter, "New Palasoz. Starfishes": Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, 

 vol. XX (1857), pp. 325, 326. Also Cat. Cambr. and Sil. Foss. Cambridge, 1873, 

 p. 163. 



"* In Murchisou's " Siliiria," 3rd ed., p. 248, fig. 56, No. 2. 



* R. Etheridge: Pres. Add., Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xxxvii (1881), Proc, 

 p. 173. 



4 De la Touche : Handb. Geol. Strops., p. 34. 



» H. Woods : Cat. Type Foss. Woodw. Mus., p. 35. 



