518 Reviews — The Survey Memoir on the Scottish Uplands. 



Straiton Beds are definitely assigned to the Wenlock. Long lists 

 of fossils are given both of those collected by tlie Survey and 

 by others. It is pleasant to note how freely the Survey officers 

 have availed themselves of the fossil lists prepared for them by 

 Mrs. Eobert Gray from her magnificent Girvan collection, and how 

 frankly and generously they refer to the value of her work. It 

 is not too much to say that this Gray Collection has proved most 

 important in aiding in the working out of the complexities of 

 the Girvan-Ballantrae district, and in correlating its component 

 formations, not only in the hands of the Survey officers, but in 

 those of their predecessors. How enthusiastically, and yet at 

 the same time how carefully, that collection was made, I can 

 speak from personal knowledge. I look back to many a delightful 

 day spent in the field in the company of Mr. and Mrs. Giay aTul 

 their family, and I noted the extreme care with which every fresh 

 specimen collected was at once labelled and packed away, so that 

 there should be no future dispute as to the exact spot and horizon 

 where it was obtained. 



Chapter XXIII is devoted to a description of the Southern 

 Belt, where the Wenlock - Ludlow (Riccarton) sediments follow 

 conformably upon the Hawick Beds (Tarannon), and range along 

 the south-east flanks of the Borderland. It is shown that the lowest 

 of the recognizable zones here met with is that of Cyrtograptufi 

 Murchisoni, which the Survey collectors have now traced at or near 

 the base of the series, almost from Jedburgh to the shores of 

 Wigton Bay. 



Cliapters XXIV and XXV, which deal with the Lanarkshire inliers 

 and those of the Pentland Hills, are fertile in new stratigraphical and 

 palaeontological discoveries and in impi'ovements in classific;)tion. 

 A novel assemblage of fishes (comprising five genera, four of 

 which and seven species are new), detected in these beds by 

 Mr. M'Connochie during the progress of the revision, is remarkable 

 in many ways. According- to Dr. Traquair, " zoologically the interest 

 of these fishes is extreme, and this fauna has opened out to us a new 

 vista in the field of Palaeozoic ichthyology." With these fishes are 

 associated representatives of all the genera of Eurypteridas found 

 in the Ludlow rocks. All these fossils occur in a series of 

 T-ed and yellow sandstones, red and green mudstones and con- 

 glomerates, some 2000-3000 feet in thickness, which graduate 

 upwards conformably from the grey Wenlock-Ludlow Series 

 of Lanarkshire and Pentland Hills, hut have hitherto been classed 

 as the basal member of the Old Red Sandstone. But the peculiar 

 features of these fossils, however, as now ascertained, ally this rock 

 group rather with the Passage Beds strata (Downtonian), which 

 in Shropshire and elsewhere intervene between the Aymestry 

 Limestone and the base of the Hereford shii-e Old Red Sand- 

 stone. This circumstance, together with the fact that this rock 

 group underlies the more typical members of the Scottish Old 

 Red Sandstone unconformably, has prom])ted the officers of the 

 Survey to regard the whole of it as of Downtonian age, and as 



