164 baker's north YORKSHIRE. 



hollows and then they unite. Immediately beneath the peak 

 of Whitfell (169 1 feet), with its limestone precipices, and perhaps 

 the most elevated natural wood of any considerable size which 

 we have anywhere in North Yorkshire, wherein Rhammcs catjiar- 

 ticiis ascends to 1200 feet, its highest limit, the stream begins 

 rapidly to descend and soon the first force is reached, consisting 

 of a series of rapids of which the principal fall is not above 

 twenty feet in depth. The next waterfall, Whitfield Force, is much 

 broader and deeper, and the rocky river banks, covered and 

 surrounded by dense woods, rise steeply from it on both sides. 

 The two other waterfalls are only a very short distance from the 

 town, Millgill Force, the finest of the two, being a noble fall over 

 a limestone precipice 69 feet in depth, which is approached by 

 a wooded and rocky glen. The following are the rarer plants of 

 this gill : 



Actcea spicata 

 Stellaria nemorum 

 Vicia sylvatica 

 Saxifraga aizoides 

 jffieracium crocatum 



,, p7-enanthoides 

 Pyrola minor 



Lathrcea sqiiamarta 

 MelampyfU7n sylvaticum 

 Polygonum viviparum 

 Habenaria albida 



Ulota Drummondii. 



From Askrigg to Carperby the hills stand boldly out towards 

 the stream. There is along their edge an almost continuous 

 line of the scars of the Upper Limestone, on most of which 

 Orobanche rubra grows, with Asplenium Adia7itum-nigrum and 

 Polypodiu7n calcareu7n amongst the grit or limestone debris, and 

 the high-road for a considerable distance runs along the summit 

 of a wooded scar of Lower Limestone not far from the water's 

 edge. Near Woodhall are extensive lead mines now unused. 

 The small stream Ellerbeck springs from the hills above 

 here and runs down past the mines to the Yore, joining it 

 near the Aysgarth Ford. At the Askrigg end of the wooded 

 bank, it falls over a ledge of limestone forming a pretty little 

 wa,terfall, AH along this strearri down to its junction with the 



