326 baker's north YORKSHIRE. 



Carduus palustris L. British type. Native. Area general. 

 Range 0-700. Common in damp places both in the low country 

 and amongst the hills, ascending to the peak of Nine Standards 

 Rigg and the limestone pavement of Widdale Fell. 



Carduus arvensis Curt. British type. Native. Area 

 general. Range 0-700. Common in fields and waste places, 

 ascending to the Main Limestone of Cam Fell and nearly to 

 the summit of Widdale Fell. 



Carduus acaulis L. English type. Native. Xerophilous. 

 Area 3. Range 200-250. On the Harriot Air near Rievaulx, 

 discovered lately by John Foggitt, of Thirsk, and Alfred Wilson, 

 of Bradford. 



Carduus pratensis Huds. English type. Native. Area 

 6 . 32 I. Range o-ioo. In several places amongst the heaths 

 of the Central Valley. Pilmoor, Askham Bogs, Buttercrambe 

 Moor, and on Stockton Forest between Strensall and Hazel 

 Bush. 



Carduus heterophyllus L. Scottish type. Native. Mon- 

 tane. Area 987.3. Range 150-400. Frequent in damp 

 places in the western dales, ascending to Ravenseat and Foss- 

 dale Woods, descending to Greta Bridge, Marske, and Aysgarth 

 Force. Amongst the eastern hills in the upper part of Newton- 

 dale. 



Onopordum Acanthium L. AHen. Subspontaneous in 

 waste ground at Camphill ; M. Hebblethwaite ! Thorp Arch 

 Woods, probably introduced by the late Mr. Hadfield;y] Emmet. 



Carlina vulgaris L. English type. Native. Subxero- 

 philous. Area 98765432. Range 0-400. Frequent in 

 the limestone country both upon the west and the east of the 

 Central Valley, and occasionally upon the Gritstone and Lower 

 Oolite, as at Guisbrough, Levisham, and in Gurtof Gill. In 

 the Central Valley at Burniston, Kirklington, and by the Tees 

 side near Dalton. Amongst the coast sand-hills at Redcar, 

 Marske, Saltburn, Sandsend, and Whitby. 



