CiRC. No. 86, 



Books and Maps. 



The district for investigation is entirely situated in the vS.W. corner of Sheet 34 

 (formerly 104 S.W.), One-Inch Ordnance Map (which may he had coloured geolo- 

 gically). Reference may also be made to the Geol. Survey Memoir illustrating the 

 sheet, to Tate and Blake's Yorkshire Lias, to the Handl^ook of Middlesbrough and 

 District {1881), Rev. Jno. Hawell's Parish Register of Ingleby Greenhow (intro- 

 ductory chapter), British Association Reports (Boulders), a paper by J. W. Watson 

 on Airy Holme Wood (Morris' Naturalist, 1854, p. 228), Dixon and Watson's 

 Manual of British Shells (local records), etc. 



Physical Geography and Geology. 



Dr. W. Y. Veitch, of Middlesbrough, contributes the following 

 notes : — Roseberry Topping is an outlier, 1,054 feet high, having 

 been severed from its connection with the neighbouring moorland by 

 glacial action, and is a good example illustrating the cause of the 

 rugged contour of the Cleveland hills, which are capped with Lower 

 Oolite sandstone ; water percolating the sandstone softens and washes 

 away the alum shale (Lias) immediately below, the sandstone falling 

 and mixing with the displaced shale leaves behind a cliff and makes 

 a sloping terrace to the next hard rock (A. viargaritatus zone) where 

 the same weathering process is repeated, forming another steep descent 

 and gradual declivity to the bottom of the hill. The descent is 

 through the following section : — 



Lower Oolite 50 feet ; Dogger is aljsent ; Alum Shale {A. communis zone) 107 ; 

 Jet rock {A. sej-pentiinis zone) 25 ; Grey shale {A. anmtlatits zone) 30 ; A. spinatns 

 zone (main seam of ironstone 5 feet) 20; A. viargaritatus zone 120 ; A. capricormts 

 zone 140 ; A. jamesoni zone 50 feet. 



The Cleveland Whin Dyke cuts through the south-west side of the 

 hill, and is seen to the north-west as Langbarugh Ridge, which owes 

 its prominence to the dyke. This intrusive rock is 80 feet thick at 

 the base of Roseberry and only 20 feet thick at its apex 350 feet 

 above. At Kildale there are peat beds from which horns of Cervus 

 elaphiis (Red-deer) and C. tarandtis (Reindeer) have been taken. As 

 to scenery, Kildale has been described as a gem. In going down 

 this lovely vale from the railway station, disused ironstone mines are 

 passed and the A. spinatns and A. margaritatus beds are exposed 

 until the pretty waterfall, known as Old Meggison is reached ; the 

 water falls over the Lower Sandstone of the Marlstone series of 

 Phillips' {A. viargaritatus zone). The ^4. capricortws and A. jamesoni 

 beds are come upon as the course of the Leven is followed. 



The Rev. John Hawell, M.A., vicar of Ingleby-Greenhow, recom- 

 mends that geologists should, in addition to their examination of the 

 Augite-andesite Dyke, inspect the white sand deposit near Kildale 

 Station, and give some attention to the boulders and other legacies 

 of the glacial age. They should also, if time permit, hammer over 

 the heaps of Middle Liassic L'onstone rubbish near Kildale Station 

 and at the base of Roseberry Topping. From these heaps have been 

 obtained such fossils as Belemnites breviforntis, Ostrea siibinargaritacea, 

 Fecten (S(j2iivalvis, Lima hermanni, Limea Juliana, Plicatula calva, 

 Mojiobis cygnipes, M. incequivalvis, Astarte st?-iato-sulcata, Protocar- 

 dimn truncatum, Pholadomya ambigJia, Gressyla seebachii, Rhynchon- 

 ella tetrahedra, Terebratiila punctata, ChordophylUtes cicatricosus, &c. 



Botany. 



Mr. Thomas F. Ward, Middlesbrough, considers that the district 

 will be found to be an interesting one to the botanist, for although he 



