CiRC. 93. 



fortifications, which radiate in all directions. Doubtless many a struggle took 

 place on this spot, till the Romans drove two roads right through the British earth- 

 works — one from iNLiIton to Beverley, the other from York to Bridlington — and 

 subdued the country. Half-a-mile to the right, on the site of the railway, between 

 Fimber and Wetwang, is a Romano-British Cemetery, discovered by Mr. J. R. 

 Mortimer, in 1873. 



EXPLANATION.— The Map is divided into square miles by horizontal and 

 perpendicular lines. The arrows show the line of route. 



GEOLOGY.— The Rev. E. Maule Cole, M.A., F.G.S., writes:— The sub- 

 soil is wholly chalk, but whilst the chalk-pits on the left hand side going up York 

 Dale belong to the Middle Chalk and contain flint, those on the right hand side 

 consist of Upper Chalk without flint. From this point the Upper Chalk extends in 

 an easterly direction to FJamborough Head, and southwards to the village of Wet- 

 wang, the northern slopes of which are on the Upper Chalk, the southern on 

 the Middle. The Upper Chalk is fairly fossiliferous here, especially in the matter 

 of sponges, but the Middle Chalk is comparatively barren. A geological feature of 

 interest is the accumulation of chalk debris, locally called 'grut,' on many of the 

 dale sides exposed to the north and east, which, whatever may be the theory of its 

 deposition, is certainly indicative of an arctic condition of climate. In one of the 

 dales to be traversed the work of a local glacier can very fairly be traced. 



BOTANY.— Mr. M. B. Slater, F.L.S., states that the botanical ramble is 

 entirely through a chalk district, and there is no record of its Flora. The Rev. 

 E. M. Cole met with Saxifrn^a g7-amilata last year at Towthorpe ; this plant 

 will now be past its flowering time. The following are a few of the rarer and 



