104 Carruthers — Secondary Cycadean Fruits. 



whicli lie had sliced, fortunately exhibits, to some extent, the in- 

 ternal structure. This frao:mentary specimen is a portion of the 

 base of a cone (Fig. 4), and the magnified section (Fig. 5) is per- 

 pendicular to the axis. The axis itself is wanting. The scales leave 

 the axis at a right angle, except those at the very base, which 

 slightly incline downwards. They have a thickened peltate apex, 

 not imbricated, composed of loose cellular tissue. The longitudinal 

 section necessarily shows a single seed connected with each scale. 

 The seed had a thick testa, indicated by the thick dark line in the 

 sketch. The contents of ihe seed have disappeared, leaving only 

 the shrivelled-up tegmen still attached at the base of the seed, though 

 apparently free at the apex. A rolled cone, four scales of which are 

 represented at Fig. 7, has the apices of the scales nearly rubbed off, 

 and exhibits the bases of the seed at their attachment to the scale ; 

 and this shows that there are only two seeds to each scale. 



The recent genus to which these fruits are most nearly related is 

 the South African genus EncepJialartos. Associated with the cones 

 at Brook Point are found trunks of Clathraria, of which, no doubt, 

 they were the fruits. The form and structure of these trunks con- 

 firm the affinity of the Wealden Cycads to Encephalartos. In both, 

 the trunks are tall and cylindrical, and the medulla is traversed 

 by numerous vascular bundles. 



As long as we are unable to refer these fruits to the species to 

 which they belong, it is desirable that they should have provisional 

 names by which they may be known. To prevent confusion, I will 

 avoid Endlicher's generic name Zamiostrohis, and propose Cycadeo- 

 strohus as a suitable designation, giving no further definition to the 

 genus, thaji that it contains fossils that are supposed to be the fruits 

 of Cycadea. 



1. Cycadeostrobus ovatus. Cone ovate ; scales somewhat broader 

 than deep. _ (PL VI. Figs. 1 and 2.) 



The specimen of this cone, which is two inches long by a little 

 more than one and a-half broad, is less compressed than the other 

 specimens figured. It has been cut longitudinally through the 

 axis, but does not exhibit any structure. 



From the Wealden at Brook Point, Isle of Wight. 



2. C. truncatus. Cone ovate, truncate, and widest at the base, 

 narrowing upwards from the middle to its obtuse apex; scales about 

 a third broader than deep. (PL VI. Fig. 3.) 



There are three specimens of this cone in the British Museum, 

 from the collection of Dr. Mantell. One specimen has the scar of 

 a large peduncle. In another the scales are preserved in relief, and 

 show that they had a tumid pyramidal apex. 



3. C. tumidus. Cone, oblong-acuminate ; scales about as broad 

 as long, the apex rising into a tumid pyramid. (Plate VI. Fig. 6). 



A single specimen of this distinct little cone, an inch and a 

 quarter long by three-quarters broad, is in the British Museum. It 

 is from Brook Point. 



4. G. elegans. Cone ovoid, truncate below ; scales nearly as deep 

 as they are wide. (Plate VI. Fig. 9.) 



