Subjacent to the Boulder-clay . 247 



. '' Hill Top," Soutli of Middleton, by Wirks worth— Gravel. 



" Leas Yein," Norlh-West of Wirksworth — Gravel. 



" Lime Kilns " and " Drake," in Winster — 3rd Lime— Gravel. 



" Mossey Meer," in Winster — Ochrey clay. 



" Nursery," North of Hopton in Dunstone — Soft clay. 



" Porta way Pipe," in Elton and Winster — Gravel. 



" Sand-hole Pipe," South- West of Wirksworth — Gravel. 



" Seven Eakes," near Matlock Bridge — Gravel, bones, and teeth. 



" Solms," in Wirksworth and Middleton — Gravel. 



" Suckstone," in Brassington — China clay. 



" Upper Field," in Brassington — China clay. 



In speaking of China clay, at page 447, the same author says : 

 " China clay of a most beautiful white colour is procured in small 

 quantities in Bald Mine, Green Linnet, Suckstone and Upper Field 

 Mines ; in the 4th Lime at Brassington ; in Clay-pit Dale Mine in 

 Hartington, etc. ; in a lum or fissure in the 4th Lime, a quarter of a 

 mile east of Newhaven House ; also in a similar lum at Milk Hill 

 Gate, one mile and a half east of Caldon in Staffordshire ; and per- 

 haps in other places in this stratum." 



At page 298, Farey observes : " Li large open fissures in this rock 

 (Toadstone), most beautiful white china clay is found, and many 

 coarse sorts mixed with quartz pebbles, and other alluvia, near 

 Newhaven House, in Hartington, and at Milk Hill Gate, near 

 Caldon, in Staffordshire ; good fire-clay being also procured at the 

 latter place, and used at Whiston Copper Works." Again, at p. 

 279 : " Just by (The Harboro Eocks in Derbyshire) the Yellow 

 Dunstone seems to produce pits of scouring sand, and near them 

 excellent clay for brick and tile making." 



Mr. Binney observes in his notes : "I have many years since seen 

 a good bed of potter's-clay in the Millstone Grit at Spitewinter, near 

 Stannage, on the west side of the turnpike-road leading from 

 Chesterfield to Matlock. This may be only of one of the fire-clays 

 of the lower coals, or it may be like that at Caldon ; I cannot say 

 positively." 



" The whole of the Mountain Limestone district of North Derby- 

 shire and the Millstone Grit and Coal-measure strata are free from 

 foreign drift. I have never seen Till or Boulder-clay in the district." 



Mr. Binney has furnished me with the following sketch (Fig. 5) 

 of the Fire-clay "pocket," at the Caldon Hill Limestone Quarry, 

 and observes — "The vertical bed of rounded pieces of grit and 

 white Quartz pebbles mixed with sand proves that the whole of 

 the Clay and Sand now found in the hollow of the limestone was 

 the debris of the Millstone grit formerly lying above them ; but 

 there must have been some strange commotion to account for the 

 position of the bed of pebbles. It is about five feet wide, and the 

 diameter of the pocket about thirty feet. The fine sand is used 

 for the iron furnaces, and the clay, when mixed with sand, for the 

 manufacture of fire bricks." 



The following description of the distribution of this deposit on the 

 Weaver Hills, which form the southern extremity, iu Staffordshire, 



