Walker — Coprolite Workings at Upware. 309 



After breaking through this thin coating we came to a reddish 

 earthy soil, with bones imbedded, some of them almost on the sur- 

 face, others a foot or two deep. It is impossible, as yet, to state 

 what depth of soil occurs here, though evidently it is somewhat 

 considerable ; fragments of bone occurred rather plentifully through- 

 out, much more so, however, in some parts than others — ^heaped 

 as it were in favourite haunts. The bones are all in a good 

 state of preservation, seldom, however, in their natural form, and 

 almost in every instance giving unmistakable indications of having 

 been more or less gnawed. There is no evidence whatever to show 

 that the sea has entered the cavern at any time since it was inhabited 

 by the hyeenas, nor have we fluviatile deposits present, nor as yet 

 have we found any traces of its having been a human habitation, 

 like Kent's Hole and others. No worked implements, flint or bone, 

 turned up during our explorations ; possibly, however, further dig- 

 gings near the entrance, or in the chambers, may reveal traces ; but 

 up to the present time we have discovered nothing of that nature. 



St. David's, May, 1867. 



Vn. — On some new Coprolite Workings in the Fens. 



By J. F. "Walker, B.A., F.G.S., etc. 



[Eead before tlie Yorkshire Philosophical Society, May 7th, 1867.] 



ON the evening before I left Cambridge last term, I was informed 

 by a man who brings me fossils, that some new coprolite dig- 

 gings had been opened in the Fens. I was unfortunately imable to 

 visit the workings then, but siace my return to Cambridge, I have 

 explored them in company with Mr. Moore, of St. Catherine's College. 

 The workings are situate about a mile from Upware, which lies 

 about twelve miles from Cambridge, and seven from Ely. 



Upware is known to geologists as the nearest locality of the Coral- 

 line Oolite to Cambridge. The bed differs from the " Sandy con- 

 glomerate bed," in being less ferruginous, and containing more lime, 

 probably derived from the Coralline Oolite. The nodules are mixed 

 with pebbles, which are picked out by women and children ; about a 

 third part is waste. EoUer washers are used here as at Sandy. The 

 sections exposed by the workings differ considerably; the best I 

 have seen was on the occasion of my last visit to the pits. 



7. Sizrface, hlack peaty soil, often containing bones of red deer, horse, etc. about 1ft. 6in. 



6. Layer of light-coloured Coprolites 



5. Sand (called by the workmen SUt) 



4. Vein of dark-coloured Coprolites 



3. Silt 



2. Vein of dark Coprolites 



1. Clay (not pierced) 



At another working — 



Sand 



Coprolitic vein 



Conglomerate (hard rock) 



Light-coloured Sand and Clay 



The three layers of nodules noticed in the first section often be- 



... 1 







... 1 



6 



... 



9 



... 1 



6 



... 1 







... 6ft. 



Oin. 



... 2 







... 



4 



