Reviews — Smyth's Lectures on Mining. 323 



year, eo that the series presents us with the history of the progress 

 of Geology since 1860. Its value is enhanced by the methodical 

 arrangement of the subjects, as well as by the classified index, and 

 the present volume is fiu'ther enriched by memoirs forwarded direct 

 to the Editors, and not previously published. The subjects are 

 arranged under four heads. The first part comprises notices of 

 periodical works on geology, and geological and agricultural maps, 

 agencies at present in operation, both external and internal, and 

 mountain systems. The second part includes the general characters 

 of rocks subdivided imder different heads. Meteorites, production of 

 Metamorphism, and the age of Eruptive rocks. The third part treats 

 of Paleeontblogy and the succession and character of fossils found 

 throughout the stratified rocks as derived from the memoirs cited, 

 and the last part embodies the geological researches and descrip- 

 tions of different countries, arranged geographically, and including 

 some important tables of strata in certain districts. From the selec- 

 tion and conciseness of the subjects, the work will prove eminently 

 useful to the geologist, and highly creditable to the care, judgment, 

 and energy of the editors. — J.M. 



V. — Lectubes on Mining. — The reports of the lectures by 

 Professor W. Smyth, on practical mining, are now concluded in the 

 Mining Journal, and altogether form a valuable series of papers on 

 some of the guiding principles of the most extensive subjects of 

 mining, and will materially assist the student in systematising the 

 studies he may hereafter take up. In the latter part of the course 

 the following subjects were treated of: — The various methods of 

 working coal, as the pillar and stall, and long- wall workings, and 

 their advantages ; the methods in vogue for working seams of un- 

 usual thickness ; the removal and conveyance of minerals from the 

 workings to the shaft; the raising of minerals, and the difference 

 of use made of shafts, in metalliferous mines and collieries ; the use 

 of pumps and their construction ; the ventilation of mines, and the 

 various means adopted for distributing air through the workings ; 

 and lastly, the different processes used in the dressing and preparation 

 of the ores. — J.M. 



iaE^oie,a?s j^^istjd :Fi2,ooEEiDi35rc3-s. 



OnoNTOLOGiOAL SociETY OF LoNBON, Junc 3rd, 1867. — " On the 

 Dental characters of Genera and species, chiefly of Fishes, from 

 the Low Main Seam and Shales of Coal, Northumberland." By 

 Professor Owen, F.E.S., etc., etc. — The author having received, from 

 time to time, sections of coal from the ' Low Main Seam,' or from the 

 shales overlying that seam, (collected and prepared for microscopic 

 examination, by T. Craggs, Esq., of West Cramlington and Gates- 

 head, Northumberland), he found them to consist of portions of jaws 

 and detached teeth, chiefly of minute Fishes, which from their non- 



