82 Reviews — Geo-TKeology. 



occurrence. Nor does the author seem to be aware that there is a 

 regular order of succession in the strata composing the 'crust of the 

 earth. His desire is to reconcile geology with the Bible, and with 

 this object in view he proceeds to the interpretation of the specimens 

 he has collected, and which he has taken much pains to illustrate by 

 photographs. 



In the frontispiece we have : — 



" No. 1. Head apparently of a mammal from solid Chalk, Guild- 

 ford, Surrey. It is now solid flint, whatever it may have been 

 originally." 



" No. 2. A piece of fossil wood from under the Hog's-back, 

 Guildford, on which four creatures appear to have clung, probably 

 to escape diluvial waters." (!) 



Among other specimens figured are : " A Pear, in solid black flint, 

 from the Chalk ;" " a Bird of Plumage, like the Bird of Paradise, it 

 has an Echinus eating into its back ;" an antediluvian Monkey from 

 the Chalk at Guildford ; fish, reptiles, and all A^arious forms of flint 

 are identified by the fertile imagination of Major- General Twemlow. 



These and other fantastic forms of flints are the " Fossils " 

 adduced by the author in support of a universal deluge. 



Unfortunately for his argument, there are no indications of bone 

 in any of the specimens supposed to represent vertebrate animals, 

 and, as is well known, the silicification is simply a replacement, we 

 cannot conceive how the author has been led to theorise on such 

 materials. 



The fruits found in the Coal-measures, the Purbeck beds, the 

 London clay, etc., are considered by the author of this Book, to be 

 those (mentioned in Genesis i. 29) which were to serve as meat for 

 man.(!) 



The water-supply for the Deluge is touched upon by Major- 

 General Twemlow. Volcanic eruptions and artesian wells are 

 called into play to give evidence of the " waters under the earth." 

 As fish have been found in these subterranean reservoirs, the author 

 asks whether some of the Saurian monsters may not have had their 

 abodes in them, and been " upheaved when ' the fountains of the 

 great deep were brolcen up.' " 



Major Twemlow's Palaeontological aspirations may be judged 

 from the following expression : — 



" If some of the five hundred species of Ammonites should prove 

 to be the gigantic Planorbi," which "fed in the primeeval gardens 

 and forests," etc. ! ! 



Again, he says, " We do not find fossils now forming, or very 

 rarely." (!) We recommend to him a careful perusal of Lyell's 

 Principles of Geology. 



In regard to his objections to the Transmutation system of 

 Darwin, we need say nothing; they depend upon the acceptation 

 of his " Facts and Fossils adduced to prove the Deluge." 



The Flint Cores alluded to were described and delineated in the 

 Geological Magazine, Vol. III. p. 423. 



We have been highly amused with this book of Major Twemlow's ; 



