126 Revieivs — Routines Stone Implements from Java. 



metres respectively). Its length, -which at first must have been, so far 

 as we can judge by its other dimensions, from 12 to 15 centimetres, 

 is no more than eight ; in this state it was still large enough to be 

 made useful, and by the following expedient. It was necessary to 

 make a new edge, and it was first cut square. This was performed 

 by two saw-cuts made on the opposite faces, and continued so as 

 nearly to meet, the separation having, however, been finished by 

 fracture. The stone appears to have been attacked first on the 

 convex side, which is more deeply cut, and, strange to say, the 

 depth of the notch is likewise convex. 



This cutting or sawing may have been performed in a manner 

 similar to that practised by the inhabitants of St. Domingo, and their 

 neighbours on the adjoining continent, as recorded by Oviedo, who 

 visited the country in 1513. With sand and a thread of Cabuia 

 or Henequen (two species of Agave) they can cut iron. They make 

 use of the thread as we should of a saw, drawing it alternately from 

 right to left, during which they move about and rub quickly against 

 the iron very fine sand, which they have previously spread along 

 the passage. 



Some of the other specimens have been cut in a similar manner. 

 In the majority of the Javan specimens the edges are square, and 

 the thickness nearly uniform — features that are characteristic of 

 the Scandinavian celts. 



The implements seem all adapted for cutting wood. Some of the 

 heavier specimens must have needed both the arms of a strong man 

 to wield them, and they probably were used for chopping down 

 trees, whilst the smaller tools, which could be used with one arm, 

 were intended for more delicate work. 



All have been shaped on a similar plan. 



They offer in general a single cutting edge formed at the expense 

 of the lower face, which is even or slightly concave, like our 

 modern adzes. 



They have been formed from Flint, Chalcedony, Jasper, Porphyry, 

 Aphanite, Sandstone, etc. 



The report is illustrated with a plate, representing an adze from 

 the Isle D'Oualan (Carolines), and an ancient implement found in 

 Egypt, which are very similar to the forms from Java, described by 

 M. Eoulin. " Palgeoethnologists " will be much indebted to M. Van 

 de Poel for the interesting collection he has made ; but it is hoped 

 that he will further enhance the value of the collection, by fur- 

 nishing a few details in regard to the deposits from which the 

 specimens were obtained. 



HI. — Caius Julius Cesar's British Expeditions from Boulogne 

 TO THE Bay of Apuldore, and the subsequent formation Geo- 

 logically OF EoMNEY Marsh. By Francis Hobson Appach, 

 M.A. 8vo. pp. 143. London : John Eussell Smith, Soho 

 Square. 1868. 



THE main object of Mr. Appach's book is to discuss the probable 

 points of Ceesar's departure from Gaul, and his landing in 



