Geological Society of Glasgow. 185 



lower level, or at a greater distance from the trough, than the traps 

 now are. By whatever causes these great displacements have been 

 occasioned, whereby the northern division has been elevated to its 

 present position, it must have been since subjected to extraordinary 

 denudation ; for immediately after the displacement of the strata, the 

 northern division must have been at least 1500 feet above the pre- 

 sent bed of the Levern near Hurlet. After the elevation, the bold 

 escarpments formed would probably be directly in front of the 

 denuding agent, as suggested by the Glacial striee at Oldbar and 

 Crosstobs, to which they would soon give way on account of the 

 thick beds of clay shale of which they were composed. At the 

 western extremity of the valley the Glacial strise are due east and 

 west, showing that by this outlet between the traps had flowed the 

 denuded debris. The origin of the Sandstone boulders found to the 

 westward of the Levern would thus be accounted for. 



III. The third ordinary meeting was held on the evening of 4th 

 March — Professor John Young, President, in the chair. 



Mr. J. Wallace Young exhibited specimens of hematite from the 

 mines recently opened in the Garlton Hills, a series of low-lying 

 eminences in the north of Haddingtonshire, consisting principally of 

 grey and reddish claystone. The farmer on that part of the property 

 where the mines are situated, had frequently observed pieces turned 

 up with the plough. It crops out almost at the surface, and from an 

 examination of part of the workings to which Mr. Young had access, 

 he was of opinion that it was a very valuable deposit. Two speci- 

 mens which he had analysed showed — No. 1. Peroxide of iron, 89*64, 

 equal to 62*75 metallic iron ; No. 2. Peroxide of iron, 89*28, equal to 

 62*50 metallic iron. Hematite, when pure, consists solely of peroxide 

 of iron. 



The Eev. Henry W. Crosskey, F.G.S., and Mr. David Eobertson, 

 communicated a paper on the " Post-Tertiary Fossiliferous Beds of 

 Scotland." The new localities which they had recently investigated 

 are *. — 1. Blackburn, Tarbert. — On the north side of Tarbert loch, at 

 the north-east corner, is a bed of clay, containing Arctic shells, trace- 

 able 12 to 15 feet above high water. It has an incline of 1 foot in 

 10, and is overlaid by six feet of stony mould. Trochus Tielicinus is 

 peculiarly abundant, and many specimens retain their colour. Mya 

 truncata does not occur whole, but the fragments are covered with 

 fresh-looking epidermis. Tellina calcarea is neither plentiful nor 

 large. Water -worn shells and those of different habitats are 

 mingled together, showing that they have not all lived and died in 

 the locality where they are found. This bed has, however, some 

 characteristic species, especially of Entomostraca. The only British 

 example of Oythere emarginata hitherto known was dredged by the 

 authors in deep water off Shetland, but in this deposit the species is 

 moderately common. PseiidocytJiere caudata of Sars, rare in England, 

 Scotland, Ireland, and Norway in deep water, is here moderately 

 common. 2. West Tarbert Deposit. — This clay extends along the 

 south side of the loch, and at points abuts against the native rock, to 



