THE 



GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE. 



No. LX.— JUNE, 1869. 



I.— GEMS FROM PRIVATE COLLECTIONS, No. 1. 



On Eucladia,^ a New Genus of Opniuitw^, fkom the Upper 

 Silurian, Dudley. 



By Henry Woodward, F.G.S., F.Z.S., etc., of the Geological Department, British 



Museum. 



(PLATE VIII.) 



THE beautiful fossil Star-fish, which forms the subject of this 

 paper, and is represented of the natural size upon the accom- 

 panying Plate VIII., is from the cabinet of Mr. Henry Johnson, of 

 Dudley, the Honorary Secretary of the South Staffordshire and East 

 Worcestershire Institute of Mining Engineers. It was obtained 

 some years since in the shale between the Wenlock and Aj'mestry 

 Limestones (probably Lower Ludlow shale), at Sedgley, near Dudley. 



The specimen exhibits the ventral surface of the body of the 

 animal, surrounded by five bifurcating arms, each furnished with 

 five pairs of stout pinnee, the first pair springing from near the 

 commencement of the arm and being inserted close to the border of 

 the petal-shaped pentagonal (oral) plate (Plate VIIL, Fig. 1 a., c.) ; 

 each pair of pinnas increasing in size in proportion as it recedes 

 from the central disk, the pair nearest the mouth being the smallest. 



The arms and pinnae are nearly round in section, and taper gently 

 towards their extremities ; the surface of both is everywhere covered 

 with minute imbricated plates, the projecting points of which give 

 it an extremely scabrous appearance (See Fig. la and Id). On care- 

 fully removing a portion of one of the arms at the part marked z, 

 the same rugose surface was exposed; the arm at this point liad been 

 compressed, apparently before it had become mineralized ; other 

 arms, as those for instance at the point w, displaying, where broken 

 off, a nearly round section. 



The piiinee, which diverge obliquely outwards on either side from 

 the point of their attachment to the arms, curve downwards at their 

 extremities and are lost in the matrix upon which the specimen resta, 

 nor can the arms themselves be traced quite to their extremities, the 

 points being either buried in the matrix or broken off. One arm, 

 originally springing from the point marked x, is only indicated by a 

 1 From ev beautiful, kKolSos branch. 



VOL. VI.— 'NO. LX. 16 



