322 Prof. Morris — Lead-mines of the North of England. 



Hardness. Sp. Grav. 



Witherite Carbonate of baryta Ehombic 3 to 3-7 4-3 



Bromlite ditto aud lime ... Rhombic 4 to 4-5 3-7 



Barytocalcite ... ditto and lime ... Monoclinic 4 3-6 



Pearl spar Carb. of lime & magnesia Ehombohedral .. 3'5to4 2-8 



Pyromorphite ... Phosphate of lead Hexagonal 3-o to 4 6'5to7 



Mimetite ) Arsenio-phosphate, -with ) tt i oc t 



Kampylite j chloride of lead ! (Hexagonal 3-5 7 



Linarite Cupreous sulph. of lead,.. Monoclinic 2-5 5-4 



Caledonite ditto with carbonate ... Ehombic 2-5 to 3 6-4 



Brochantite Hyd. sulphate of copper Ehombic 3-5 to 4 3-7 



With a view to show the vast importance of the lead mines of the 

 northern district, it is deserving of mention here that the number of 

 mines and the amount of lead ore and silver raised in the following 

 counties in 1867 was — 



Counties. Mines. Lead Ore. Silver. 



Northumberland and Durham 47 ... Tons. 22,574 Ozs. 77,678 



Westmoreland 7 2,418 25,142 



Cumberland 75 5,682 31,022 



Yorkshire ,. 65 7,539 3,000 



Whilst the total produce of Great Britain for 1867 was — Lead ore, 

 93,432 tons, of the value of £1,158,066; lead, 68,440, worth 

 £1,337,509 ; silver, 805,394 ozs., worth £215,400 : showing that 

 Northumberland and Durham raise nearly one -quarter of the total 

 produce of the entire kingdom. 



In conclusion the writer begs to acknowledge his obligations to 

 Mr. T. Sopwith, F.E.S., and Mr. E. W. Bainbridge, of Middleton, 

 for much valuable aid and information in preparing this paper, like- 

 wise to notice the general intelligence and civility of the miners, and 

 their willingness to impart practical knowledge; and, lastly, the 

 care which has obviously been bestowed by the large proprietors 

 for the education and elevation of the people, and the promotion 

 of their domestic comforts and happiness — a boon fully appre- 

 ciated by them, and thus there does not appear to exist those un- 

 happy differences between the employers and employed which in 

 too many places are detrimental to the interests and welfare of every 

 party. ^ 



3^TomcES o:f nyczEnvcoiias. 



I. — The Miocene Flora of North Greenland. 



IN March last, a paper by Prof. Oswald Heer, of Zurich, was read 

 at the Eoyal Society, being an account of the examination of 

 the fossil plants brought home from Greenland in the autumn of 

 1867 by Mr. Edward Whymper. 



Our readers will remember that Prof. Heer's work, "Flora Fossilis 

 Arctica," was to a great extent a description of the fossil remains 

 brought from Atanekerdkik, in Greenland, by Sir F. L. M'Clintock 

 and others, most of which are deposited in the Museum of the Eoyal 



^ Eevised by the Author, and reprinted from the Mining Jom-iial^ June 12, 1869. 



