E. May Lankester — On a Neiv Crag Mastodon. 355 



the top of Corve-street eastwards, under the north side of the Church- 

 yard and Castle, and thence straight up towards the gorge of theTeme 

 at Downton Castle, leaving a depressed angle of Old Eed on the north, 

 as far as Downton Bridge, and heaving up the Ludlow beds on the 

 south. This fault is not laid down in the Survey Map ; but in the 

 days when this district was surveyed there was less attention paid 

 to this subject than at present, and I hope (if my view be cor- 

 rect) that in a future edition it may be inserted. This main fault 

 (which is accompanied by several minor ones — also not laid down — 

 and which probably aided in directing the course of the river) runs 

 in a line radiating from the Titterstone and slightly diverging 

 from the principal fault which is laid down in the district map 

 as running through Leinthall Earls and Moor Park, to the Titter- 

 stone Hills, throwing up the Ludlow and Aymestry beds at Tinker's 

 Hill and Caynham Camp, in the midst of the Old Eed to the south- 

 east of its course. 



Vn. — Note on a New Trilophodont Ckag Mastodon. 

 By E. Ray Lankester, B.A. Oxon. 



THE collection of Mr. Baker, at Woodbridge, contains a tooth 

 from the Suffolk Bone-bed, indicating a Mastodon of the section 

 Trilopliodon. The tooth appears to be the upper penultimate molar 

 of the left side. Its chief peculiarities are its great breadth, ap- 

 proaching Jf. (Trilophodon) tapiroides ; the shortness of the ridges, 

 the cingulum well marked in parts ; the absence of a posterior and 

 presence of an anterior talon. It apparently belongs to Falconer's 

 section, "Colliculi obtusi — valliculaaque transversEe." From a num- 

 ber of measurements and examinations of specimens of M. angustidens 

 in the British Museum, of M. Borsoni and tapiroides in Paris (which 

 I have to thank M, Lartet for very kindly showing to me), and M. 

 Borsoni at Le Puy in the Haute Loire, I consider that this tooth 

 comes nearest to the corresponding tooth of the huge Pliocene 

 Mastodon Borsoni, though the cingulum and talon (very variable 

 parts of the tooth) are unusually marked in Mr. Baker's specimen. 



Not the least interesting part of the specimen under notice is the 

 presence of a matrix occupying the vallej's of the tooth, undeniably 

 identical with the sandstone nodules which I have described as con- 

 taining a fauna differing from that of the Eed and Coralline Crags, 

 and approaching the Belgian Diestien beds, containing Pyrida, Conus,^ 

 a small sjDecies of Cassidaria hitherto mistaken for Nassa conglobaia 

 and Isocardia in comparative abundance. This Mastodon tooth is 

 the first specimen of terrestrial mammalian remains I have seen 

 invested with the sandstone matrix. It furnishes the direct evidence 

 which was wanting to prove that the terrestrial fauna of the Suffolk 

 Bone-bed, like the Cetacea and sharks, was earlier in date not only 

 than the Eed and Coralline Crags, but than the sandy deposit 

 which embedded it and the breaking up of which furnished the 



1 The Conus is given on the authority of Mr. Searles Wood. 



