2 Dr. H. Woodward—On a New Genus of Fossil “ Calamary.” 
three hours from Beirit. About two-thirds the distance across the 
beach of this bay we strike up the steep hill-side towards the 
apparently vertical strata before us in the mountain. A short climb 
brings us to the convent, under the very walls of which, and in a 
fi orchard, outcrops the stratum of white chalky limestone, whence 
so many beautiful specimens have been obtained. ‘The place is 
about 300 feet above the level of the sea, and a little more than a 
mile distant fromtheshore. ‘The exposed stratum is steeply inclined, 
as are all the strata in that part, and the exposed rock abounds in 
specimens, which lie in all directions, some of the fish passing 
through an inch or more of thickness, 7.e. the head deeper in the 
rock than the tail or vice versa. ‘The rock is soft chalky white, easily 
cut or sawed, and differs entirely from the Hakel rock, which is 
heavy and brittle, with a much more distinct tendency to split into 
layers than the Sahel Alma limestone.” ' 
The Dibranchiate Cephalopods—represented by the living Octopus 
or “ Devil-fish,” the Argonauta or ‘“ Paper-nautilus,” the Loligo or 
“Calamary,” the Sepia or ‘“Cuttle-fish,” and the Spirula—had 
but comparatively few representatives in the seas of the past; the 
oldest known forms occurring in the Lias formation. 
Even in the strata of Secondary and Tertiary age, in which the 
remains of the internal shells and the traces of the integument and 
soft parts of these two-gilled Cephalopods sometimes occur—yet 
nevertheless by far the greater part of the remains of the Cephalo- 
poda found fossil belong to the Tetrabranchiate or “ four-gilled ” 
division, represented at ‘the present day by the pearly Nautilus, nes 
sole survivor of this once dominant Molluscan type. 
The most perfectly preserved remains, hitherto met with, of 
the so-called ‘‘naked-cephalopods” (because the shell is iéernal), 
have been procured from the Oxford Clay (Middle Oolite) of 
Chippenham and Christian Malford, Wiltshire, and referred to the 
genus Belemnoteuthis,’ and from the Lias of Lyme Regis, Dorset, re- 
ferred by Prof. Huxley to the genus Belemnites, having evidence of 
the shell, the ink-bag, the beaks, the arms, and the hooklets with 
which they were provided.*? I am not acquainted with any examples 
of Dibranchiate Cephalopods having the soft parts and the arms pre- 
served as occurring in strata of Cretaceous age; hence the interest 
attaching to the present specimen, and to others, probably allied to 
Sepia, from the same locality (Sahel Alma) which I hope to figure 
in a future Number of the GrotogicaL MaGazine. 
I have felt considerable difficulty as to the genus to which I 
should refer this Lebanon Teuthid. 
One sees clearly enough, through the light brown stain which 
marks the contour of ihe body, the narrow, pointed, horny, spear- 
shaped internal shell or ‘pen,’—nearly as long as the entire body of 
1 See article on “‘ The Fossil Fish Localities of the Lebanon,” by the Rev. Prof. 
E. R. Lewis, M.A., F.G.S., Gzou. Mac. 1878, Decade II. Vol. VY. pp. 214-220. 
od Belemnoteuthis, Pearce, 1842, see Proc. Geol. Soc. 2, p. 598, and on the fossil 
Cephalopoda constituting the genus Belemnoteuthis, by J. C. Pearce, F.G.S8., London 
Geological Journal, No. "2, Feb. 1847, pl. xvi. 
2 See Mem. Geol. Surv. Mon. ii. 1864, pp. 1-14, plate i. 
