Reviews—P. de Loriol—Fauna of the Gault of Cosne. 129 
Sey Sn TV a FER EVV iS 2 
——_~<»—_—_ 
I.—Mémorres pe ua Socrfté Panfonrotociqun Suisse. Erupns 
suk LA Faune pes Couches pu Gaur DE Cosne (NizvRE). 
Par P. de Lorton. 4to. pp. 115, 18 Plates. 
HE Museum of Geneva, amongst its many treasures, possesses 
a fine collection, formed by the late M. Ebray, from the above 
locality. This has supplied the material for the present work, and 
was obtained from two horizons. The lower fauna occurs in a thin 
bed of greensand situated in the “‘argiles micacées du gault,” the 
upper one in the “graviers avec bois criblés de pholades,” which 
are separated from the “craie chloritée”’ by a bed of blue clay with 
grains of silicate of iron. 
The lower fauna is the most abundant, 89 species being enumerated, 
of which nearly half are described by the author as new. Cephalo- 
pods are extremely scarce; no Belemnites, but the rare presence of 
Ammonites mammillaris and A. interruptus seem to fix the geological 
horizon. There are 32 determinable species of Gasteropods (at least 
10 more insufficiently diagnosed), whilst in actual numbers this is 
the predominant group. Such well-known forms as Natica gaultina, 
Aporrhais Parkinsoni, Dimorphosoma calcarata, and Scalaria Dupiniana 
occur in very small numbers, whilst Avellana lacryma is exceedingly 
numerous. On the other hand, a new Natica and a new Trochus are 
very abundant. Not the least remarkable feature is the recognition 
of such genera as T'rophon, Stenomphilus, Coralliophila, and Rapa, and 
the absence of Pleurotomaria and Solarium. 
The Lamellibranchiata are represented by 54 species, constituting 
the entire remainder of the fauna, in which even Brachiopoda have 
no part. A small Corbula, a small Arca, Thetis major, etc., are 
tolerably plentiful. Several specimens of Inoceramus Salomoni are 
quoted, but none of I. concentricus or I. sulcatus. The former of 
these three occurs in the Mamwmillaris-bed at Folkestone, whilst the 
first appearance of I. sulcatus at Folkestone is in the junction bed 
between the Upper and Lower Gault. This is a further confirmation 
of the position of the lower shell-bed at Cosne. The absence of 
I. concentricus may be regarded as one of the local peculiarities. 
The collection from the upper shelly horizon of Cosne (graviers 
supérieurs des Brocs) contains only 20 species, 4 being Gasteropods 
and 2 Brachiopods. It is evident that more arenaceous conditions 
prevailed, and the old fauna returned to the locality in very small 
numbers. On the other hand, Trigonia, entirely absent in the lower 
fauna, puts in an appearance with three species. ‘The Brachiopods, 
Terebratella Menardi, and Rhynchonella sulcata, are forms with a wide 
range in time, the latter in this country being very characteristic of 
a certain horizon in the Folkestone beds of the Lower Greensand. 
The Swiss Palzontological Society have not stinted M. de Loriol 
as to illustrations. Nearly all the species, whether old or new, are 
figured, and in some cases about a score of figures are devoted to 
one species, e.g. Trochus neverisensis. The early piates are very good 
DECADE II.—VOL. X.—NO, III, 9 
