160 Rev. A. Irving—“ Bergstiirze,” or “ Landslips.” 
marine Middle Headon, the freshwater Upper Headon and Osborne 
Series occupy the above-mentioned interval to the top of the hill. 
Before leaving the hill, we made another set of excavations some 
few hundred yards to the east of the last. First the geminata bed 
was proved, and then a pit of 7 feet deep was sunk on the Brocken- 
hurst bed. The result was the same as the preceding, the same 
fossils and succession of beds, but the same poverty of fauna and 
weathered state of the shells. 
There is therefore, I fear, little hope of obtaining good Brocken- 
hurst fossils in this outlier. 
As we have had to mention the V. geminata zone which comes 
next above the V. suturalis zone or Brockenhurst bed, I may perhaps 
be permitted to add a word about the succession at the Roydon 
brick-pit near Brockenhurst, where the geminata zone is best seen. 
In another place we have mentioned that the freshwater Lower 
Headon occurs at the floor of the pit. We have now to add that the 
Upper Headon, also freshwater, occurs at the top, above the Middle 
Headon beds. Mr. H. Keeping discovered this last year. Last 
August we together re-examined the pit, and found at least 7 feet of 
freshwater Upper Headon clays and sand. At the base are sandy 
clays exceedingly rich in Potamomya plana occurring in_ bands. 
There are other layers rich in Cyrena, and near the top is a band of 
clay iron ore full of Potamomya, much as at Headon Hill and Colwell 
Bay. We found a Cerithium, apparently C. trizonatum, a shell which 
has occurred only in the Upper Headon of Colwell Bay. 
This is supplementary to our former description of the section. 
TV.—< Berestiinze,” or “ LANDSLIPS.” 
By the Rev. A. Invine, B.A., B.Sc., F.G.S., 
of Wellington College. 
S recent events in Switzerland have called the attention of the 
world to these startling phenomena, perhaps a short summary 
of what is known of them may be of some service to the readers of 
the Grotocican Macazine. In the text-books in use in this country 
they generally receive little more consideration than the compara- 
tively small scale, on which ‘landslips’ occur in England, would 
seem to claim for them; and these for the most part occur on the 
sea-coast. Examples familiar to most of us are such as those of the 
Isle of Wight, where the Upper Cretaceous strata are known from 
time to time to slide over the Gault, which is locally known as the 
“blue slipper,” and that between Seaton and Lyme Regis. On the 
west coast of South America, in Ecuador, they have been known to 
occur on a much more gigantic scale in recent years.’ The tertiary 
strata of the district of more than 400 feet in thickness consist of 
sandstones interbedded with clays, and dip towards the coast. The 
erosive action of the sea eating away the base of the cliffs, and the 
clays getting softened by water, an enormous portion of the upper 
1 Vide Wolf, Zeitsch. d. Deut. geol. Gesellsch. 1872, quoted by Credner. 
