Reports and Proceedings—Geological Society of London. 183 
and position of these Bavarian lakes can only be explained by the 
theory of glacial erosion and transportation of material. 
In Chapter 28, Penck considers the objections brought against the 
glacial formation of the great Alpine Lakes, and amongst others, 
those of Prof. Bonney against the glacial origin of the lakes of the 
Salzkammergut. With respect to two of these lakes, the Konigsee 
and the Zellersee, Penck agrees with Prof. Bonney that no one would 
attribute their origin to glacial influence, the former, indeed, had 
been already recognized as produced by a sinking of the surface due 
probably to the solution and removal of beds of gypsum, and the 
latter results from a dammed-up valley. But with regard to other 
lakes in that district, which, according to Prof. Bonney, are situated 
in Glosed-up valleys into which glaciers could not penetrate, Penck 
declares on the evidence of striated surfaces and erratics that these 
valleys have been filled with ice, which entered them by overflowing 
the low passes which separated them from the adjoining valleys. 
But notwithstanding the author’s strong convictions of the erosive 
power of glaciers, he states that the formation of valleys must be 
ascribed to water-action, and that ice has only effected a relatively 
inconsiderable widening of these valleys, as well as local depressions 
in them. 
The concluding chapter contains an able discussion of the causes 
of the Glacial Epoch. | 
At the end of the book is a table showing the manner in which 
the Alpine glacial formations have been divided by the most important 
authors who have studied them. Another table exhibits the succes- 
sion of the Alpine Quaternary deposits in South Germany, Switzer- 
land, and Upper Italy. There is also a Map of the glaciated districts 
of South Bavaria, and another, exhibiting on a small scale the present 
and former glaciated areas of the earth, besides a profile drawn to 
scale of the northern calcareous chain of the Alps, and smaller 
profiles of the ler Valley, and of quarries near Innsbruck. 
To all those who are interested in the study of glacial geology we 
can recommend this treatise as the most important contribution on 
the subject which has appeared of late years. G. J. H. 
REPORTS AND PROCHEHEDINGS. 
ee 
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY oF LONDON. 
L—Awnnuat Gunerat Muetine.—February 16th, 1883.—J. W. 
Hulke, Esq., F.R.S., President, in the Chair. 
The Secretaries read the Reports of the Council and of the Library and Museum 
Committee for the year 1882. The Council expressed their regret that, owing pro- 
bably to the same causes as last year, they could announce no material advance in 
the prosperity of the Society, although its financial position was well maintained, the 
balance at the close of 1882 showing an increase over that of the previous year, 
notwithstanding a large expenditure upon the Quarterly Journal. The total number 
of Fellows was diminished by one, but there was an increase of nine im the number of 
contributing Fellows. The Council stated that Mr. Ormerod had furnished a second 
Supplement to his Classified Index to the publications of the Society, bringing that 
work down to the end of 1882. The Council’s Report further announced the awards 
