W. Keeping and C. J. Middlemiss—WSections at Cave, Yorks. 215 
paper which he can construe into a slight, either to himself or to 
Baron Richthofen. It is not my aim nor yet my custom to throw 
stones, and if it were I should choose some objects for the purpose 
whom I rate very much less highly than I do my very distinguished 
Opponents. 
TV.—On Some New Raitway SECTIONS AND OTHER Rock Exposures 
IN THE District oF Cave, YORKSHIRE. 
By Water Kerpine, M.A., F.G.S., and C. S. Mippiemiss, B.A. 
HE country between Market Weighton and the Humber is 
characterized geologically by the reappearance of the Oolites 
along an outcrop of ten or a dozen miles, after having disappeared 
under the Cretaceous beds further north at Acklam Brow, near 
Malton. 
The physiography of the area clearly indicates its structure. 
Travelling in an easterly direction, the long low level of the plain 
of York gives way as the Jurassic beds are approached to a series of 
escarpments rising one behind the other, the most marked being 
the first and last, which are respectively the Lower Lias and Chalk. 
Between them, a distance of about two miles is occupied by three 
undulations of less importance representing the hard beds of the 
Middle Lias, Millepore Rock, and Upper Kelloway Rock. On the 
map the beds all run roughly N.N.W. and 8.8.H., and three faults 
are marked by MM. Tate and Blake, as cutting at right angles across 
the strike in the direction of the valleys which penetrate the Chalk 
by the villages Drewton, Newbald, and Sancton. 
It is through part of this region that the Hull and Barnsley Rail- 
way, now in process of construction, has recently laid bare some fine 
sections; and it is the object of this paper to describe them, with 
more particular reference to the Kelloway Rock, which, as here 
developed, has hitherto received no more than a passing notice by 
geologists. 
The railway runs in an east and west direction directly across the 
strike of the strata and immediately south of the fault running up 
the Drewton Valley. ‘This line of section does not end westerly in 
the usual cliff-like escarpment of the Lower Lias; for denudation, 
prompted perhaps by the fault, has taken away the Lower Lias at 
this point, and the circumstance has been turned to advantage by the 
engineers of the line. 
The first of the railway cuttings to the west overlooking the Plain 
of York commences half-way between the villages North Cave and 
Everthorpe. It is about 18 ft. high at its highest point and 1551 ft." 
long. It exhibits, first, two thick beds of chalk gravel with flint 
lying lodged on the west side of the escarpment. The pebbles are 
loosely cemented together and covered in the case of the lower bed 
1 These and similar measurements were kindly afforded us by Mr. C. J. Corrie, one 
of the engineers. 
