4384 EE. T. Newton—The Hyena in the “ Forest Bed.” 
curved inwards. A ridge of enamel runs up the hinder surface of 
the crown, and a second is seen at the front towards the inner side. 
A slight guard at the base connects these two ridges across the 
inner side (Fig. 1); while on the outer side no guard is to be seen 
(Fig. la). 
The second premolar has a very obtusely conical crown, with 
a cingulum all round its base, except at the middle of the outer 
side (Fig. 2). The anterior ridge is well marked, but has no accessory 
cusp; but there is a distinct additional cusp on the posterior ridge. 
The third premolar has a strong cingulum all round the crown, 
except at its outermost part, where it can only just be traced (Fig. 3). 
The anterior ridge is placed quite at the inner side of the crown, and 
at its base the cingulum rises up to form a distinct tubercle, which 
is separated from the ridge by a notch. The posterior ridge is short, 
because the hinder accessory cusp rises high towards the apex. A 
very decided groove marks off this cusp from the rest of the crown. 
The fourth premolar has a strong cingulum on the inner side of 
the crown (Fig. 4a), and just an indication of it at the base of the anterior 
outer cusp, but there is no trace of it along the outer surface. The 
anterior tubercular cusp occupies the anterior fifth of the crown, the 
second cusp has nearly twice the height and twice the antero-posterior 
extent of the first; and occupies the second and third fifths of the 
crown; a deep cleft separates this from the hinder two fifths, which 
are occupied by a pair of confluent cusps. 
Measurements of the teeth in millimétres, and decimals of an inch. 
Canine. Premolar 2. | Premolar 3. ; Premolar 4. 
mm. inches. | mm. inches. | mm. inches. | mm. inches. 
eee Mtoe rear 17-5 (69) | 17-0 (-67) | 24:2 (95) | 40° (1°57) 
Width of CrowD wens 13-0 (-51) | 13-0 (-51) | 17°38 (-69) | 22° ( 87) 
A comparison of these teeth, with those of the Cave Hyeena, leaves 
no doubt as to their specific identity ; but seeing that the recent 
Hyena crocuta has teeth which, with the exception of being smaller, 
present the same characters, it becomes a question whether the 
H. spelea is a distinct species or only a larger variety of Hyena 
crocuta. Prof. W. Boyd Dawkins (Nat. Hist. Rev. vol. v. p. 80, 
1865) discussed very fully the dental characters of the various 
species of Hyena, both recent and fossil, and came to the conclusion 
that the Hyena crocuta and Hyena spelea were only varieties of one 
species. The name of H. spelea was, however, used for the fossil 
forms, as it was also in 1869 (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxv. 
p. 192), but in 1880 (Ibid. vol. xxxvi. p. 398) this name is replaced 
by that of H. crocuta. 
Professor Busk, in the Report on the Exploration of Brixham Cave 
(Phil. Trans. vol. clxiii. p. 581, 1873), expresses the opinion that 
the identity of the Cave Hyena with H. crocuta “cannot as yet be 
said to have been absolutely proved.” At the same time Prof. Busk 
fully appreciated the close resemblance between these two forms. 
Seeing then that the close relationship of the Cave and Spotted 
