T. V. Holmes—On Eskers or Kames. 44] 
trict is apt to suggest to the antiquary the existence of a barrow 
rather than that of a natural eminence. But though the antiquary 
suffers an occasional disappointment from this resemblance, these 
ready-made barrows seem, on the other hand, to have occasionally 
been used as burial-places. 
Previous to my recent visit to Mr. Woodward, the only hills I had 
ever seen in Norfolk at all resembling eskers were the Lighthouse 
Hills at Cromer, Beeston Hills, and some others between Cromer 
and Sherringham. A glance at Mr. Clement Reid’s sheet of coast 
sections, however, shows most of these eminences to be simply hills 
of circumdenudation, not. heaped-up esker mounds. But on the 
west side of the villages of Blakeney, Wiveton and Glandford, 
between Sherringham and Wells, Mr. Woodward showed me some 
ridges and mounds of the true esker type. 
North. 
Fig, 2.—Esker Ridges near Blakeney, Norfolk (H. B. W.) 
Scale—an Inch to a Mile. 
The most conspicuous of these ridges is that which appears to 
be called ‘“‘The Downs,” and extends for a distance of about two 
miles in a N.W. and S§.E. direction (see Fig. 2). A section across 
this ridge, close to the spot at which it is crossed by the Blakeney 
road, showed the gravel of which it is mainly composed to be 
irregularly heaped up, and its whole aspect is that of a typical esker 
ridge. The other eskers are rather mounds than ridges of any 
length. Another section was pointed out by Mr. Woodward, about 
a mile south of the Downs, which showed the same irregularly 
heaped-up arrangement of gravel as the Downs section. Coarse 
gravel appeared to predominate in each case. The contrast 
between the contours of the esker and those of the eskerless 
country is almost as striking in this part of Norfolk as it is any- 
where in Cumberland. Some very esker-like gravel and sand was 
pointed out to Mr. Woodward and myself by Mr. Whitaker, between 
Great Massingham and Roydon Row, the day after our visit to 
Glandford. The best example of an esker-like mound in this 
locality is on the north side of the road from Great Massingham to 
Roydon Row, and about half a mile eastward of Congham Common. 
The eskers hereabouts are found almost wholly in the valley near 
the road, the higher ground being almost free from them. Near 
eo onthe other hand, they stand high and usually cap the 
ills. 
