Prof. A. E. Nordenskiold — Geology of Spitzhergen. 65 



Islands, and part from the land right opposite, lying on the north 

 side of the fiord. 



Ice Sound. — Partly round the mouth of the Sound on the island 

 lying in the neighbourhood of Safe Haven to the north-east, and in 

 the high range between Green Harbour and the sea (at that place 

 first discovered by Loven in 1837), partly in the inner ■part of the 

 Sound at Skansberg and Gip's Hook, on both sides of Klaas Billen 

 Bay, at Cape Woern, between Ekman and Dickson Bays, and on 

 Cape Wijk, lying opposite. 



King's Bay. — Mountain Limestone fossils were brought home by 

 Blomstrand, during the expedition of 1861, from the land on the 

 south side of the mouth of the fiord above the Coal Harbour. 



Hinloopen Straight. — South of Lomme Bay and Wahlenberg Bay. 

 Loven's and Angelin's mountains, etc., and the lofty and magnificent 

 mountains bordering on the southern part of Hinloopen, are formed 

 principally of strata of limestone and flint, which belong to the Moun- 

 tain Limestone formation, and are extraordinarily rich in fossils. 



The Southern Part of Stansf or eland, near Deevie Bay. — Here, too. 

 Lament collected Mountain Limestone fossils, which, together with 

 fossils from Bell Sound, are described in the work quoted above. 



At several places the strata are exposed in extensive and instructive 

 profiles, which show the succession to be the following : 



1. (Lowermost) Bussian Island Dolomite. — A peculiar, grey dolo- 

 mite, yellow after weathering, which contains no fossils, and which 

 in Klaas Billen Bay lies immediately above the sandstone, with 

 Calamites, etc., described in the foregoing division. This dolomite 

 (from an island at Shoal Point), according to an analysis by G. Lind- 

 strom,^ contains : 



Carbonate of lime . , 54-07 



,, of magnesia 44*77 



■ „ of protoxide of iron 0-32 



Chlorine trace 



Remainder , incombustible and insoluble in acids . . 0-24 



99-40 



Like the dolomite from the Hecla Hook formation, from which, 

 however, it can easily be distinguished by its outward appearance, 

 the composition of this dolomite corresponds accurately to the formula 



CaO CO2 + MgO CO2. 



The Eussian Island dolomite is remarkable for a very peculiar 

 coral-like structure. It shows scarcely any sign of stratification, but 

 is interstratified, particularly on the Russian Islands in Murchison 

 Bay, with regular strata of limited extent, partly of flint, which is 

 also devoid of fossils, but resembles the fossil-bearing flint on Axel's 

 Islands in Bell Sound, partly of a mixture of flint and chalk, in 

 which the flint often forms cylinders 3 to 8 millimetres thick, bent 

 and folded in a multitude of ways, which in form completely resemble 

 coral stems, but are believed to be altogether destitute of interior 

 structure. 



1 Oefvers. af Vet.-Akad. Forh. 1867, page 672. 



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