276 Rejwrts and Proceedings. 



and mammotli tooth, quartzite, ironstone, greenstone, and flint. 

 The distribution of these implements in the cave represents three 

 distinct stages. In the cave-earth the existence of man is indicated 

 by the quartzite implements, which are far ruder than those generally 

 formed of the more easily fashioned flint. Out of &4: worked quartz- 

 ite pebbles only three occurred in the breccia, while of 267 worked 

 flints only eight were met with in the cave-earth. The ruder imple- 

 ments were thus evidently the older, corresponding in general form 

 with those assigned by De Mortillet to " the age of Moustier and 

 St. Acheul," represented in England by the ruder implements of the 

 lower breccia in Kent's Hole. The newer or flint series includes 

 some highl}^ finished implements, such as are referred by De 

 Mortillet to " the age of Solutre," and are found in England in the 

 cave-earth of Kent's Hole and Wookey Hole. The discovery of 

 these implements considerably extends the range of the Palaeolithic 

 hunters to the north and west, and at the same time establishes a 

 direct relation in point of time between the ruder types of imple- 

 ments below and the more highly finished ones above. 



3. " Notes on the Gravels, Sands, and other Superficial Deposits 

 in the Neighbourhood of Newton- Abbot." By Horace B. Woodward, 

 Esq., F.G.S. 



The writer pointed out that most of the deposits termed Upper 

 Greensand in the immediate neighbourhood of Newton- Abbot were 

 in reality intercalated with coarse gravel-beds, containing, among 

 others, fragments of greensand, chert, and chalk flint. He con- 

 sidered that the only traces of Greensand in situ were probably on 

 the summit of Milber Down and east of Combe Farm, deposits 

 which were identified hy Mr. Godwin-Austen. But he could not 

 agree in the identification of Greensand at other localities in the 

 Bovey Valley, considering the few fossils found to have been derived, 

 and with much other material to have been evidently due to the 

 denudation of Chalk and Greensand. He pointed out the geogra- 

 phical distribution of these beds of sand and gravel, which extend 

 from the hill-tops bordering the Bovey Valley to near the bottom of 

 the valley, but do not descend into any outlying valleys. He like- 

 wise alluded to the peculiar dip into the valley which affects these 

 beds in several places, and observed that sometimes they rested on 

 the Bovey Clays and Lignites. He thought some connexion in their 

 method of formation might be traced with somewhat similar deposits 

 on the Haldon and Black Down Hills. 



He pointed out that the *' Head " at the bottom of the valley was 

 sometimes not to be distinguished from the older gravels, from 

 which, however, it was largely derived. He alluded to the discovery 

 of bones, a bronze spear-head, and a wooden doll or idol in this 

 deposit; observing that they indicated the rapid accumulation of 

 gravel, and that this indication was one out of many that might be 

 given, that our modern river-gravels are to a great extent made up 

 of older gravels. 



In conclusion the writer alluded to some of the deposits now 

 forming on the margin of the Teign estuary, and which are identical 

 in character with the Triassic breccia. 



