Geological Bociety of London, 331 



existing Australian fauna are not represented, but are replaced by 

 numerous Spatangoids ; three species, however, are identical ; but 

 two of these have a very wide range. Of the remainder, 9 are 

 allied to recent Australian species, mostly from the north of the 

 continent ; 6 are allied to European and Asiatic Cretaceous forms ; 

 5 are closely related to Nummulitic types ; and one species appears 

 to belong to a peculiar genus, namely, Paradoxechinus novus, Laube. 



3. " On the Miocene Fossils of Haiti." By E. J. Lechmere Guppy, 

 Esq., F.L.S., F-G.S. 



After referring to the literature of the subject, the author stated 

 that his paper was founded to a great extent upon the examination 

 of specimens in the Society's Museum. He gave a list of the de- 

 scribed fossil shells of St. Domingo, with notes on their synonymy, 

 and described as new the following species : — Sigaretus excentricus, 

 Cancellaria epistomifera, Murex cornuredus, Turhinellus cedijicatus, 

 Crypcda Gabbiana, and Pliorus delectus. 



11. —May 24, 1876.— Professor P. Martin Duncan, M.B., F.R.S., 

 President, in the Chair. The following communications were read : — 



1. '^ On the Old Glaciers of the Northern Slope of the Swiss 

 Alps." By Prof. Alphonse Favre, F.M.G.S. 



The author illustrated his remarks by a map on a scale of tsoVoo? 

 showing the space occupied by the old Swiss glaciers at the time of 

 their greatest extension, and founded in part upon evidence obtained 

 since 1867, when he, in conjunction with Prof. Studer and M. L. 

 Soret, issued an " Appel aux Suisses " for the preservation of 

 erratic blocks. He said that in existing glaciers two parts may be 

 recognized, — an upper one, the reservoir or feeding glacier, and a 

 lower one, the flowing glacier. Applying this division to the old 

 glaciers, it appears that in the glaciers of the Rhone and Rhine the 

 flowing glacier which occupied the plain had a surface nearly 

 equal to that of the feeding glacier which was situated in the moun- 

 tains. By means of several tables M. Favre showed the height 

 attained by these glaciers, their thickness, the slope of their upper 

 surface, etc., at various points in the Alps, the Jura, and Swabia, and 

 deduced as the result of the comparison of these numbers : — 1. that 

 the Rhone glacier passed over several of the chains of the Jura, 

 and that the ice covering these, far from being an obstacle to the 

 extension of the glaciers of the Alps, actually reinforced them, and 

 served them as relays, the glaciers of the Jura having carried far 

 on the Alpine erratic blocks. 2. That the slopes of the upjDcr surface 

 were variable, and were null, or nearly so, over considerable spaces. 



At the Calanda, near Coire, there are erratics which seem to 

 be at a higher level than that attained by the glacier. This may be 

 explained by the formation in the glacier of a sort of eddy, which 

 would elevate the ice to a certain amount over a limited space. 



During the greatest extension the Swiss glaciers came in contact 

 with those of Central France near Lyons ; they united with those 

 of the Jura, the Black Forest, and the Austrian and Italian Alps ; 

 they stretched from the plain of the Po to that of the Danube ; and 



