Geological Society of London, 415 



Seeley, Esq., F.L.S., F.G.S., Professor of Physical Geography in 

 Bedford College, London. 



In this paper the author gave an account of the remains of birds 

 which have been collected from the Cambridge Upper Greensand. 

 Of the head, the only portion yet recognized is that part of the brain- 

 case behind the parieto-frontal suture. It indicates a skull as large 

 as that of the red-throated Diver, which it resembles in details of 

 structure. The vertebral column is represented by lower cervical 

 vertebrse, which have the centrum small and compressed from 

 side to side. The dorsal vertebree are small, rounded on the 

 under side as in the Gannet, and often have the articular ends 

 biconcave, or have a concavity in the centre of the saddle. There 

 were transverse processes as in modern birds, and the ribs had a 

 similar double articulation. The sacrum was unusually large, and 

 included many vertebras. Its anterior end resembles that of a Gull's 

 sacrum, in being flattened or concave. The vertebrae are rounded 

 anteriorly, and distinguishable from each other ; but posteriorly 

 they are blended, and resemble the postarticular part of the sacrum 

 of the Diver. Some small vertebrae were thought to be caudal, and 

 considered to be probably elements of the ploughshare, or os coccigis. 



No trace of any bone of the anterior limb has been detected ; 

 while of the hinder limb, the femur, tibia, fibula, and tarso-meta- 

 tarsus are all known. The femur and tarso-metatarsus are the 

 bones most like those of the Diver. The fibula is unusually large. 

 The tibia has a moderate patelloid process, and shows resemblances 

 to several water birds. The bones are so fragmentary that the size 

 of the animal can only be given roughly as similar to that of the 

 Diver, but with a shorter neck. The affinities of the animal are 

 strongest with Colymhiis. It also closely resembles Prof. Marsh's 

 Cretaceous genus Hesperornis, and like that genus may be supposed 

 to have had teeth. The species were described as Enaliornis Barretti 

 and E. Sedgioichi. Some bones were also described thought to 

 indicate birds in which the extremities of the bones remained un- 

 ossified throughout life. 



2. " On two Chimseroid Jaws from the Lower Greensand of New 

 Zealand." By E. T. Newton, Esq., F.G.S., of H. M. Geological 

 Survey. 



The two jaws which were the subject of this communication form 

 part of the collection of fossils from the Lower Greensand of N^ew 

 Zealand deposited in the British Museum by Dr. Hector. One of 

 the specimens, a right mandible, was referred by the author to 

 Ischyodus hrevirostris, Ag., a species from the Gault of Folkestone, 

 hitherto known only by name, no description or figure of it having 

 been as yet published. Through the kindness of the Earl of Ennis- 

 killen, the original type-specimen of this species was exhibited to 

 the Society. The author then described a perfect mandible from 

 the Cambridge phosphatic deposits, and stated that the examina- 

 tion of a large series of specimens showed a considerable variation 

 in the form of the teeth in different individuals. The New Zealand 

 mandible was then compared with these British specimens, and was 



