484 Dr. Feistmantel — The Gondwana Series of India. 



The Flora in this higher horizon became also more numerous. I 

 have determined and described about 26 species, amongst which the 

 most important are: Oleandridium vittatum, Schimp. (Bgt); Aletho- 

 jpteris Whitby ensis, Gopp. ; Pachypteris specifica, Fstm. ; Actinopteris- 

 like forms; FtilopliyUum CutcJiense, Morr., and varieties ; P. acutifoUum, 

 Morr.; Otozamites, comp. Goldimi, Bgt. ; Williamsonia Blanford/i, Fstm.; 

 Paiissya indica, Fstm. ; Pacliyphyllwn divaricatum, Bunb. sp. ; EcJiino- 

 strohiis expansus, Schimp.; and scales oi Araucarites Kachensis, Fstm. 

 (very closely allied to^. Phillipsi, Carr.). 



We find here, therefore, species, which I mentioned also from the 

 lower horizon at Nurha. 



The genus PtilopJiyUum, Morr. (Palceozamia. Endl.), prevails, a 

 genus altogether an Indian type, and common to both groups of the 

 upper portion of the Grondwana Series, which only shows that they 

 both belong to the same epoch. 



EcMnostrobus expansus, Schimp., the English Lower Oolitic s.pecies, 

 and scales of Araucarites, are also .pretty frequent. 



The Flora exhibits therefore altogether a middle Jurassic character. 

 In addition to other marine fossils from the upper portion of the 

 beds of Kachh, these rocks have furnished also a vertebra of Para- 

 sucJius, which is so frequent in the Maleri and Kota beds, and a 

 front portion of a lower jaw of a Plesiosaurus, having the most 

 affinity with Liassic forms : (similar indications of age occur in the 

 Jabaljjur Group — see further on). 



h. The Jabalpur Group in South Eewah, Jabalpur, and Satpura 

 Basin, contains only Flora, without association of marine forms ; but 

 I cannot help stating that I recognized among the Flora, which I have 

 just j)repared for publication in the Eec. Geol. Sarv. India, vol. ix.No. 4, 

 a good many species identical not only with those in Yorkshire, but 

 also several common with those in the Kachh beds, from which I infer 

 that all these beds are of the same age. About the Jabalpur Flora 

 nothing has as yet been published, 'nor shall I enumerate it here, but 

 only state that among about 26 species, 10 are identical with species 

 fyom the English Oolite, while one species is Liassic, and all the 

 others are of Jurassic type. 



There is thei'efore an Oolitic Flora in these Kachh- Jabalpur beds, in 

 Kachh associated with animals partly of yom^ger age; while no such 

 association is found in the Jabalpur Group, which, on the contrary, 

 has been lately found by Messrs. King and Hughes in the Wurdha 

 Coal-field associated with terrestrial animals, indicating in Europe 

 generally Keuper or Lias, and here also considered to be of Liassic 

 age. 



In my descriptions I take these beds as of Oolitic age. Eepresen- 

 tatives of the upper beds of Kachh are found also on the south-east 

 coast of India, near Coconada (Mr. King's Trigonia bed), and there 

 is perhaps an analogy with the upper portion of the Uitenhage for- 

 mation in Africa,^ which contains some similar forms of Trigonia, 

 formerly reported as Cretaceous by Krauss, but afterwards proved to 



^ Tate, Geology of South Africa, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1867, vol. xxiii. p. 139 ff. 

 Tate, as (Sliarpe before, proves that this group is of the age of the Great Oohte. 



